Exodus 38:2
New International Version
They made a horn at each of the four corners, so that the horns and the altar were of one piece, and they overlaid the altar with bronze.

New Living Translation
He made horns for each of its four corners so that the horns and altar were all one piece. He overlaid the altar with bronze.

English Standard Version
He made horns for it on its four corners. Its horns were of one piece with it, and he overlaid it with bronze.

Berean Standard Bible
He made a horn at each of its four corners, so that the horns and altar were of one piece, and he overlaid the altar with bronze.

King James Bible
And he made the horns thereof on the four corners of it; the horns thereof were of the same: and he overlaid it with brass.

New King James Version
He made its horns on its four corners; the horns were of one piece with it. And he overlaid it with bronze.

New American Standard Bible
And he made its horns on its four corners, its horns being of one piece with it, and he overlaid it with bronze.

NASB 1995
He made its horns on its four corners, its horns being of one piece with it, and he overlaid it with bronze.

NASB 1977
And he made its horns on its four corners, its horns being of one piece with it, and he overlaid it with bronze.

Legacy Standard Bible
He made its horns on its four corners, its horns being of one piece with it, and he overlaid it with bronze.

Amplified Bible
And he made its horns (horn-shaped projections) on the four corners of it; the horns were of one piece with it, and he overlaid it with bronze.

Christian Standard Bible
He made horns for it on its four corners; the horns were of one piece with it. Then he overlaid it with bronze.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
He made horns for it on its four corners; the horns were of one piece. Then he overlaid it with bronze.

American Standard Version
And he made the horns thereof upon the four corners of it; the horns thereof were of one piece with it: and he overlaid it with brass.

Contemporary English Version
with each of its four corners sticking up like the horn of a bull, and it was completely covered with bronze.

English Revised Version
And he made the horns thereof upon the four corners of it; the horns thereof were of one piece with it: and he overlaid it with brass.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
He made a horn at each of its four corners. He made the four horns and the altar out of one piece [of wood] covered with bronze.

Good News Translation
He made the projections at the top of the four corners, so that they formed one piece with the altar. He covered it all with bronze.

International Standard Version
He made horns on its four corners. Its horns were of one piece with it, and he overlaid it with bronze.

Majority Standard Bible
He made a horn at each of its four corners, so that the horns and altar were of one piece, and he overlaid the altar with bronze.

NET Bible
He made its horns on its four corners; its horns were part of it, and he overlaid it with bronze.

New Heart English Bible
He made its horns on its four corners. Its horns were of one piece with it, and he overlaid it with bronze.

Webster's Bible Translation
And he made its horns on the four corners of it; its horns were of the same: and he overlaid it with brass.

World English Bible
He made its horns on its four corners. Its horns were of one piece with it, and he overlaid it with bronze.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and he makes its horns on its four corners; its horns have been of the same; and he overlays it with bronze;

Young's Literal Translation
and he maketh its horns on its four corners; its horns have been of the same; and he overlayeth it with brass;

Smith's Literal Translation
And he will make its horns upon its four faces; from out of it were its horns: and he will spread it over with brass.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
The horns whereof went out from the corners, and he overlaid it with plates of brass.

Catholic Public Domain Version
the horns of which proceeded from the corners. And he covered it with layers of brass.

New American Bible
At the four corners horns were made that sprang directly from the altar. It was then plated with bronze.

New Revised Standard Version
He made horns for it on its four corners; its horns were of one piece with it, and he overlaid it with bronze.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And he made its horns on the four corners of it; its horns were of the same; and he overlaid it with brass.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
They made its horns on the four corners; its horns were of it and its horns were brass.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And he made the horns thereof upon the four corners of it; the horns thereof were of one piece with it; and he overlaid it with brass.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Altar of Burnt Offering
1Bezalel constructed the altar of burnt offering from acacia wood. It was square, five cubits long, five cubits wide, and three cubits high. 2He made a horn at each of its four corners, so that the horns and altar were of one piece, and he overlaid the altar with bronze. 3He made all the altar’s utensils of bronze—its pots, shovels, sprinkling bowls, meat forks, and firepans.…

Cross References
Exodus 27:1-2
“You are to build an altar of acacia wood. The altar must be square, five cubits long, five cubits wide, and three cubits high. / Make a horn on each of its four corners, so that the horns are of one piece, and overlay it with bronze.

Exodus 30:18-21
“You are to make a bronze basin with a bronze stand for washing. Set it between the Tent of Meeting and the altar, and put water in it, / with which Aaron and his sons are to wash their hands and feet. / Whenever they enter the Tent of Meeting or approach the altar to minister by presenting a food offering to the LORD, they must wash with water so that they will not die. ...

1 Kings 7:27-39
In addition, he made ten movable stands of bronze, each four cubits long, four cubits wide, and three cubits high. / This was the design of the stands: They had side panels attached to uprights, / and on the panels between the uprights were lions, oxen, and cherubim. On the uprights was a pedestal above, and below the lions and oxen were wreaths of beveled work. ...

2 Chronicles 4:1
He made a bronze altar twenty cubits long, twenty cubits wide, and ten cubits high.

Leviticus 8:11
He sprinkled some of the oil on the altar seven times, anointing the altar and all its utensils, and the basin with its stand, to consecrate them.

Numbers 4:14
and place on it all the vessels used to serve there: the firepans, meat forks, shovels, and sprinkling bowls—all the equipment of the altar. They are to spread over it a covering of fine leather and insert the poles.

2 Kings 16:14
He also took the bronze altar that stood before the LORD from the front of the temple (between the new altar and the house of the LORD) and he put it on the north side of the new altar.

2 Chronicles 1:5
But the bronze altar made by Bezalel son of Uri, the son of Hur, was in Gibeon before the tabernacle of the LORD. So Solomon and the assembly inquired of Him there.

Hebrews 9:2-5
A tabernacle was prepared. In its first room were the lampstand, the table, and the consecrated bread. This was called the Holy Place. / Behind the second curtain was a room called the Most Holy Place, / containing the golden altar of incense and the gold-covered ark of the covenant. Inside the ark were the gold jar of manna, Aaron’s staff that had budded, and the stone tablets of the covenant. ...

Revelation 11:1
Then I was given a measuring rod like a staff and was told, “Go and measure the temple of God and the altar, and count the number of worshipers there.

1 Kings 8:64
On that same day the king consecrated the middle of the courtyard in front of the house of the LORD, and there he offered the burnt offerings, the grain offerings, and the fat of the peace offerings, since the bronze altar before the LORD was too small to contain all these offerings.

2 Chronicles 7:7
Then Solomon consecrated the middle of the courtyard in front of the house of the LORD, and there he offered the burnt offerings and the fat of the peace offerings, since the bronze altar he had made could not hold all these offerings.

Ezekiel 43:13-17
These are the measurements of the altar in long cubits (a cubit and a handbreadth): Its gutter shall be a cubit deep and a cubit wide, with a rim of one span around its edge. And this is the height of the altar: / The space from the gutter on the ground to the lower ledge shall be two cubits, and the ledge one cubit wide. The space from the smaller ledge to the larger ledge shall be four cubits, and the ledge one cubit wide. / The altar hearth shall be four cubits high, and four horns shall project upward from the hearth. ...

Matthew 23:19
You blind men! Which is greater: the gift, or the altar that makes it sacred?

Mark 11:15-17
When they arrived in Jerusalem, Jesus entered the temple courts and began to drive out those who were buying and selling there. He overturned the tables of the money changers and the seats of those selling doves. / And He would not allow anyone to carry merchandise through the temple courts. / Then Jesus began to teach them, and He declared, “Is it not written: ‘My house will be called a house of prayer for all the nations’? But you have made it ‘a den of robbers.’”


Treasury of Scripture

And he made the horns thereof on the four corners of it; the horns thereof were of the same: and he overlaid it with brass.

he made

Exodus 27:2
And thou shalt make the horns of it upon the four corners thereof: his horns shall be of the same: and thou shalt overlay it with brass.

brass

Job 6:12
Is my strength the strength of stones? or is my flesh of brass?

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Altar Angles Brass Bronze Copper Corners Four Horn Horns Itself Maketh Overlaid Overlayeth Piece Plating Thereof
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Altar Angles Brass Bronze Copper Corners Four Horn Horns Itself Maketh Overlaid Overlayeth Piece Plating Thereof
Exodus 38
1. The altar of burnt offering
8. The laver of brass
9. The court, and its hangings
21. The sum of what the people offered, and the use to which it was applied














He made a horn
The word "horn" in Hebrew is "קֶרֶן" (qeren), which often symbolizes strength and power in biblical literature. In the context of the altar, the horns were not merely decorative but served a functional purpose, representing the power and authority of God. The horns of the altar were also places of refuge, as seen in other biblical narratives where individuals sought asylum by grasping them. This reflects the idea that God's power is a source of protection and sanctuary for His people.

on each of the four corners
The phrase "four corners" signifies completeness and universality in biblical symbolism. The altar's design, with horns on each corner, suggests that God's power and presence extend to all directions and encompass the entirety of creation. This universality is a reminder of God's omnipresence and His sovereign rule over the earth. The four corners also align with the four cardinal directions, symbolizing that God's justice and mercy are available to all people, regardless of their location.

so that the horns and the altar were of one piece
The unity of the horns and the altar being "of one piece" underscores the integral nature of God's attributes. Just as the horns are inseparable from the altar, God's power, justice, and mercy are inseparable from His divine nature. This unity reflects the consistency and reliability of God's character, assuring believers that His promises and His presence are steadfast and unchanging.

and he overlaid it with bronze
Bronze, or "נְחֹשֶׁת" (nechosheth) in Hebrew, is a metal associated with strength and durability. The use of bronze for the altar signifies the enduring nature of God's covenant with His people. Bronze's resistance to corrosion symbolizes the incorruptible and eternal aspects of God's laws and His relationship with humanity. In the context of the tabernacle, bronze was used for items associated with judgment and sacrifice, pointing to the altar's role in atonement and reconciliation between God and His people.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
He made
וַיַּ֣עַשׂ (way·ya·‘aś)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 6213: To do, make

a horn
קַרְנֹתָ֗יו (qar·nō·ṯāw)
Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 7161: A horn, a flask, cornet, an elephant's tooth, a corner, a peak, a ray, power

at each of
עַ֚ל (‘al)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

its four
אַרְבַּ֣ע (’ar·ba‘)
Number - feminine singular construct
Strong's 702: Four

corners,
פִּנֹּתָ֔יו (pin·nō·ṯāw)
Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 6438: An angle, a pinnacle, a chieftain

so that the horns [and altar]
קַרְנֹתָ֑יו (qar·nō·ṯāw)
Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 7161: A horn, a flask, cornet, an elephant's tooth, a corner, a peak, a ray, power

were
הָי֣וּ (hā·yū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be

of one piece,
מִמֶּ֖נּוּ (mim·men·nū)
Preposition | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4480: A part of, from, out of

and he overlaid
וַיְצַ֥ף (way·ṣap̄)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 6823: To lay out, lay over

[the altar] with bronze.
נְחֹֽשֶׁת׃ (nə·ḥō·šeṯ)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 5178: Copper, something made of that metal, coin, a fetter, base


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OT Law: Exodus 38:2 He made its horns on its four (Exo. Ex)
Exodus 38:1
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