2 Chronicles 36:22
New International Version
In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, in order to fulfill the word of the LORD spoken by Jeremiah, the LORD moved the heart of Cyrus king of Persia to make a proclamation throughout his realm and also to put it in writing:

New Living Translation
In the first year of King Cyrus of Persia, the LORD fulfilled the prophecy he had given through Jeremiah. He stirred the heart of Cyrus to put this proclamation in writing and to send it throughout his kingdom:

English Standard Version
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah might be fulfilled, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom and also put it in writing:

Berean Standard Bible
In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, to fulfill the word of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah, the LORD stirred the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia to send a proclamation throughout his kingdom and to put it in writing as follows:

Berean Literal Bible
And in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, to fulfill the word of YHWH by the mouth of Jeremiah, YHWH stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, and he caused to pass over a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and also in writing, saying,

King James Bible
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD spoken by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying,

New King James Version
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah might be fulfilled, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and also put it in writing, saying,

New American Standard Bible
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia—in order to fulfill the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah—the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia so that he sent a proclamation throughout his kingdom, and also put it in writing, saying,

NASB 1995
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia— in order to fulfill the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah— the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he sent a proclamation throughout his kingdom, and also put it in writing, saying,

NASB 1977
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia—in order to fulfill the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah—the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he sent a proclamation throughout his kingdom, and also put it in writing, saying,

Legacy Standard Bible
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia—in order to complete the word of Yahweh by the mouth of Jeremiah—Yahweh stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he had a proclamation pass throughout his kingdom, and also put it in writing, saying,

Amplified Bible
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia—in order to fulfill the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah—the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he sent a proclamation throughout his kingdom, and also put it in writing, saying,

Berean Annotated Bible
In the first year of Cyrus (possess the furnace) king of Persia (pure / splendid), to fulfill the word of the LORD {YHWH} spoken through Jeremiah (whom YHWH has appointed), the LORD stirred the spirit {ruach} of Cyrus king of Persia to send a proclamation throughout his kingdom and to put it in writing as follows:

Christian Standard Bible
In the first year of King Cyrus of Persia, in order to fulfill the word of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah, the LORD roused the spirit of King Cyrus of Persia to issue a proclamation throughout his entire kingdom and also to put it in writing:

Holman Christian Standard Bible
In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, the word of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah was fulfilled. The LORD put it into the mind of King Cyrus of Persia to issue a proclamation throughout his entire kingdom and also to put it in writing:

American Standard Version
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of Jehovah by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, Jehovah stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying,

Contemporary English Version
In the first year that Cyrus was king of Persia, the LORD had Cyrus send a message to all parts of his kingdom. This happened just as Jeremiah the LORD's prophet had promised.

English Revised Version
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying,

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The promise the LORD had spoken through Jeremiah was about to come true in Cyrus' first year as king of Persia. The LORD inspired the king to make this announcement throughout his whole kingdom and then to put it in writing.

Good News Translation
In the first year that Cyrus of Persia was emperor, the LORD made what he had said through the prophet Jeremiah come true. He prompted Cyrus to issue the following command and send it out in writing to be read aloud everywhere in his empire:

International Standard Version
During the first year of Cyrus, king of Persia, in fulfillment of the message from the LORD spoken by Jeremiah, the LORD prompted Cyrus, king of Persia, to make this proclamation throughout his entire kingdom, which was also released in written form:

NET Bible
In the first year of the reign of King Cyrus of Persia, in fulfillment of the promise he delivered through Jeremiah, the LORD moved King Cyrus of Persia to issue a written decree throughout his kingdom.

New Heart English Bible
Now in the first year of Kurush king of Persia, that the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Kurush king of Persia, so that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying,

Webster's Bible Translation
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD spoken by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying,
Majority Text Translations
Majority Standard Bible
In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, to fulfill the word of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah, the LORD stirred the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia to send a proclamation throughout his kingdom and to put it in writing as follows:

World English Bible
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that Yahweh’s word by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, Yahweh stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, at the completion of the word of YHWH in the mouth of Jeremiah, YHWH has awoken the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, and he causes an intimation to pass over into all his kingdom, and also in writing, saying,

Berean Literal Bible
And in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, to fulfill the word of YHWH by the mouth of Jeremiah, YHWH stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, and he caused to pass over a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and also in writing, saying,

Young's Literal Translation
And in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, at the completion of the word of Jehovah in the mouth of Jeremiah, hath Jehovah waked up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, and he causeth an intimation to pass over into all his kingdom, and also in writing, saying,

Smith's Literal Translation
And in the year one to Cyrus king of Persia, to complete the word of Jehovah by the mouth of Jeremiah, Jehovah roused up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, and he will cause a voice to pass in all his kingdom, and also in writing, saying,
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
But in the first year d of Cyrus king of the Persians, to fulfil the word of the Lord, which he had spoken by the mouth of Jeremias, the Lord stirred up the heart of Cyrus king of the Persians who commanded it to be proclaimed through all his kingdom, and by writing also, saying:

Catholic Public Domain Version
Then, in the first year of Cyrus, the king of the Persians, in order to fulfill the word of the Lord, which he had spoken by the mouth of Jeremiah, the Lord stirred up the heart of Cyrus, the king of the Persians, who commanded this to be proclaimed throughout his entire kingdom, and also in writing, saying:

New American Bible
In the first year of Cyrus, king of Persia, in order to realize the word of the LORD spoken by Jeremiah, the LORD roused the spirit of Cyrus, King of Persia, to spread this proclamation throughout his kingdom, both by word of mouth and in writing:

New Revised Standard Version
In the first year of King Cyrus of Persia, in fulfillment of the word of the LORD spoken by Jeremiah, the LORD stirred up the spirit of King Cyrus of Persia so that he sent a herald throughout all his kingdom and also declared in a written edict:
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD spoken by the mouth of Jeremiah the prophet might be fulfilled, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom and put it also in writing, saying,

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
In the year one of Cyrus the Persian King, that the word of LORD JEHOVAH by the mouth of Jeremiah the Prophet would come to fulfillment, LORD JEHOVAH awakened the spirit of Kurash the Persian King, and he brought a voice into all his kingdom, also his name was called in writing:
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying:

Brenton Septuagint Translation
In the first year of Cyrus king of the Persians, after the fulfillment of the word of the Lord by the mouth of Jeremias, the Lord stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of the Persians, and told him to make proclamation in writing throughout all his kingdom, saying,

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Proclamation of Cyrus
22In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, to fulfill the word of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah, the LORD stirred the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia to send a proclamation throughout his kingdom and to put it in writing as follows: 23“This is what Cyrus king of Persia says: ‘The LORD, the God of heaven, who has given me all the kingdoms of the earth, has appointed me to build a house for Him at Jerusalem in Judah. Whoever among you belongs to His people, may the LORD his God be with him, and may he go up.’ ”…

Cross References
In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia,

Ezra 1:1
In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, to fulfill the word of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah, the LORD stirred the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia to send a proclamation throughout his kingdom and to put it in writing as follows:

Ezra 6:3
In the first year of King Cyrus, he issued a decree concerning the house of God in Jerusalem: Let the house be rebuilt as a place for offering sacrifices, and let its foundations be firmly laid. It is to be sixty cubits high and sixty cubits wide,

Daniel 1:21
And Daniel remained there until the first year of King Cyrus.
to fulfill the word of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah,

Jeremiah 25:11-12
And this whole land will become a desolate wasteland, and these nations will serve the king of Babylon for seventy years. / But when seventy years are complete, I will punish the king of Babylon and that nation, the land of the Chaldeans, for their guilt, declares the LORD, and I will make it an everlasting desolation.

Jeremiah 29:10
For this is what the LORD says: “When Babylon’s seventy years are complete, I will attend to you and confirm My promise to restore you to this place.

Daniel 9:2
in the first year of his reign, I, Daniel, understood from the sacred books, according to the word of the LORD to Jeremiah the prophet, that the desolation of Jerusalem would last seventy years.
the LORD stirred the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia

Isaiah 45:13
I will raise up Cyrus in righteousness, and I will make all his ways straight. He will rebuild My city and set My exiles free, but not for payment or reward, says the LORD of Hosts.”

Isaiah 45:1
This is what the LORD says to Cyrus His anointed, whose right hand I have grasped to subdue nations before him, to disarm kings, to open the doors before him, so that the gates will not be shut:

Isaiah 44:28
who says of Cyrus, ‘My shepherd will fulfill all that I desire,’ who says of Jerusalem, ‘She will be rebuilt,’ and of the temple, ‘Let its foundation be laid.’”
to send a proclamation throughout his kingdom

Esther 1:22
He sent letters to all the provinces of the kingdom, to each province in its own script and to each people in their own language, proclaiming that every man should be master of his own household.

Esther 3:12
On the thirteenth day of the first month, the royal scribes were summoned and the order was written exactly as Haman commanded the royal satraps, the governors of each province, and the officials of each people, in the script of each province and the language of every people. It was written in the name of King Xerxes and sealed with the royal signet ring.

Daniel 6:26
I hereby decree that in every part of my kingdom, men are to tremble in fear before the God of Daniel: For He is the living God, and He endures forever; His kingdom will never be destroyed, and His dominion will never end.
and to put it in writing as follows:

Esther 8:9-10
At once the royal scribes were summoned, and on the twenty-third day of the third month (the month of Sivan), they recorded all of Mordecai’s orders to the Jews and to the satraps, governors, and princes of the 127 provinces from India to Cush—writing to each province in its own script, to every people in their own language, and to the Jews in their own script and language. / Mordecai wrote in the name of King Xerxes and sealed it with the royal signet ring. He sent the documents by mounted couriers riding on swift horses bred from the royal mares.

Daniel 6:8
Therefore, O king, establish the decree and sign the document so that it cannot be changed—in accordance with the law of the Medes and Persians, which cannot be repealed.”

Jeremiah 36:4
So Jeremiah called Baruch son of Neriah, and at the dictation of Jeremiah, Baruch wrote on a scroll all the words that the LORD had spoken to Jeremiah.
Jeremiah 25:12
But when seventy years are complete, I will punish the king of Babylon and that nation, the land of the Chaldeans, for their guilt, declares the LORD, and I will make it an everlasting desolation.


Treasury of Scripture

Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD spoken by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying,

A.

in the first

Ezra 1:1-3
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah might be fulfilled, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying, …

Cyrus

Isaiah 44:28
That saith of Cyrus, He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure: even saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be built; and to the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid.

Daniel 10:1
In the third year of Cyrus king of Persia a thing was revealed unto Daniel, whose name was called Belteshazzar; and the thing was true, but the time appointed was long: and he understood the thing, and had understanding of the vision.

that the word

2 Chronicles 36:21
To fulfil the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah, until the land had enjoyed her sabbaths: for as long as she lay desolate she kept sabbath, to fulfil threescore and ten years.

Jeremiah 25:12,14
And it shall come to pass, when seventy years are accomplished, that I will punish the king of Babylon, and that nation, saith the LORD, for their iniquity, and the land of the Chaldeans, and will make it perpetual desolations…

Jeremiah 29:10
For thus saith the LORD, That after seventy years be accomplished at Babylon I will visit you, and perform my good word toward you, in causing you to return to this place.

the Lord stirred

2 Chronicles 21:16
Moreover the LORD stirred up against Jehoram the spirit of the Philistines, and of the Arabians, that were near the Ethiopians:

1 Samuel 26:19
Now therefore, I pray thee, let my lord the king hear the words of his servant. If the LORD have stirred thee up against me, let him accept an offering: but if they be the children of men, cursed be they before the LORD; for they have driven me out this day from abiding in the inheritance of the LORD, saying, Go, serve other gods.

1 Kings 11:14,23
And the LORD stirred up an adversary unto Solomon, Hadad the Edomite: he was of the king's seed in Edom…

a proclamation

2 Chronicles 24:9
And they made a proclamation through Judah and Jerusalem, to bring in to the LORD the collection that Moses the servant of God laid upon Israel in the wilderness.

2 Chronicles 30:5
So they established a decree to make proclamation throughout all Israel, from Beersheba even to Dan, that they should come to keep the passover unto the LORD God of Israel at Jerusalem: for they had not done it of a long time in such sort as it was written.

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Accomplished Cyrus First Jeremiah Kingdom Mouth Order Persia Proclamation Spirit Stirred Throughout Word Writing
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Accomplished Cyrus First Jeremiah Kingdom Mouth Order Persia Proclamation Spirit Stirred Throughout Word Writing
2 Chronicles 36
1. Jehoahaz succeeding, is deposed by Pharaoh, and carried into Egypt
5. Jehoiakim reigning ill, is carried bound into Babylon
9. Jehoiachin succeeding, reigns ill, and is brought into Babylon
11. Zedekiah succeeding, reigns ill, despite the prophets, and rebels against Nebuchadnezzar
14. Jerusalem, for the sins of the priests and the people, is wholly destroyed
22. The proclamation of Cyrus












In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia
This phrase marks a significant historical transition. Cyrus the Great, founder of the Achaemenid Empire, conquered Babylon in 539 BC. His first year as king of Persia over Babylon is traditionally dated to 538 BC. This period is crucial as it marks the end of the Babylonian captivity for the Israelites. Cyrus's rise to power was prophesied by Isaiah (Isaiah 44:28, 45:1), highlighting God's sovereignty over nations and rulers.

to fulfill the word of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah
Jeremiah prophesied that the Babylonian exile would last seventy years (Jeremiah 25:11-12, 29:10). The return of the exiles under Cyrus's decree fulfills this prophecy, demonstrating God's faithfulness to His word. This fulfillment underscores the reliability of prophetic scripture and God's control over history.

the LORD stirred the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia
The phrase indicates divine intervention in the affairs of a pagan king, showing that God can use anyone to accomplish His purposes. This stirring of Cyrus's spirit is a testament to God's influence over the hearts of rulers (Proverbs 21:1). It also prefigures the way God would later use Gentile leaders to further His plans, as seen in the New Testament with figures like the Roman centurion Cornelius (Acts 10).

to send a proclamation throughout his kingdom
Cyrus's decree was a formal announcement, likely disseminated through written edicts and heralds. This proclamation allowed the Jewish exiles to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the temple, a pivotal moment in Jewish history. The widespread nature of the proclamation reflects the vastness of the Persian Empire, which stretched from the Indus Valley to the Aegean Sea.

and to put it in writing as follows:
The written nature of the decree ensured its permanence and authority. This act of documentation is significant, as it provided a legal basis for the Jews' return and the rebuilding efforts. The emphasis on writing also highlights the importance of recorded scripture and decrees in preserving God's promises and actions for future generations.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Cyrus King of Persia
The ruler of the Persian Empire who played a pivotal role in the return of the Jewish exiles to Jerusalem. His decree allowed the rebuilding of the temple.

2. The LORD (Yahweh)
The covenant God of Israel, who orchestrates historical events to fulfill His promises.

3. Jeremiah
A prophet whose prophecies included the promise of the return of the exiles after 70 years of captivity (Jeremiah 29:10).

4. The Proclamation
A royal decree issued by Cyrus, which allowed the Jewish exiles to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the temple.

5. The Kingdom of Persia
The vast empire over which Cyrus ruled, encompassing many nations, including the land of Israel.
Teaching Points
God's Sovereignty in History
God is in control of world events and uses even pagan rulers to accomplish His purposes.

Fulfillment of Prophecy
The fulfillment of Jeremiah's prophecy through Cyrus demonstrates the reliability and faithfulness of God's Word.

The Role of Leaders
God can use leaders, regardless of their faith, to bring about His plans. Pray for leaders to be open to God's guidance.

The Power of God's Spirit
The stirring of Cyrus's spirit by the LORD shows that God can move hearts to fulfill His will. Seek to be sensitive to the Spirit's leading in your life.

Hope and Restoration
Just as God restored the exiles, He offers hope and restoration to us today. Trust in His timing and promises.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1. What is the meaning of 2 Chronicles 36:22?

2. How does God's sovereignty manifest in 2 Chronicles 36:22 through King Cyrus's decree?

3. What role does prophecy fulfillment play in 2 Chronicles 36:22 for believers today?

4. How does 2 Chronicles 36:22 connect with Jeremiah's prophecy about Israel's restoration?

5. How can we trust God's timing in our lives, as seen in 2 Chronicles 36:22?

6. What lessons on obedience can we learn from Cyrus's actions in 2 Chronicles 36:22?

7. How does 2 Chronicles 36:22 fulfill Jeremiah's prophecy about the return from Babylonian exile?

8. Why did God choose Cyrus, a pagan king, to fulfill His promise in 2 Chronicles 36:22?

9. What does 2 Chronicles 36:22 reveal about God's sovereignty over nations and rulers?

10. What are the top 10 Lessons from 2 Chronicles 36?

11. How did the Israelites rebuild the temple in Jerusalem?

12. What are the key themes in the Book of Ezra?

13. What is the purpose of Chronicles?

14. What is the date of 2 Chronicles' writing?
What Does 2 Chronicles 36:22 Mean
In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia

• 539 BC marks the opening year of Cyrus’s reign over Babylon, signaling a brand-new season for God’s exiled people (cf. Ezra 1:1).

• Scripture records this specific date to anchor the reader in verifiable history, reminding us that the Lord’s redemptive acts unfold in real time, not myth (cf. Luke 2:1-2).

• The fall of Babylon to Persia (Daniel 5:30-31) demonstrates God’s sovereign hand over empires, preparing the stage for Israel’s restoration.


to fulfill the word of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah

• Jeremiah had foretold seventy years of captivity, after which God would bring His people back (Jeremiah 25:11-12; 29:10).

• Daniel, reading Jeremiah, understood the timetable and prayed accordingly (Daniel 9:2-3).

• The precise fulfillment reveals God’s faithfulness: every promise He utters is certain (Joshua 21:45; Isaiah 55:10-11).

• It also underscores that history’s ultimate script is Scripture itself; God’s Word drives events, not the other way around.


the LORD stirred the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia

• “The king’s heart is a stream of water in the hand of the LORD; He directs it wherever He will” (Proverbs 21:1).

• Though Cyrus was a pagan ruler, God moved him inwardly, demonstrating that even unbelieving authorities are instruments in His plan (Isaiah 45:1-4).

• The verb “stirred” shows divine initiative; revival and release begin with the Lord, not human lobbying (Psalm 127:1).


to send a proclamation throughout his kingdom

• The decree had to reach every province, ensuring that no Jew was left in ignorance of God’s open door (Esther 1:22; Ezra 1:3-4).

• Public, official communication confirms that the return was legal and irreversible, shielding the remnant from later opposition (Nehemiah 2:7-9).

• The gospel parallel is striking: God’s good news is meant for “all the world” (Mark 16:15), inviting exiles everywhere to come home.


and to put it in writing as follows

• Written law in the Medo-Persian culture was irrevocable (Esther 8:8), so this decree carried enduring authority.

• God often secures His covenants in written form—think of the tablets at Sinai (Exodus 31:18) or the book of the new covenant (Jeremiah 31:33).

• The recorded proclamation becomes a permanent testimony of God’s faithfulness, encouraging future generations (Romans 15:4).


summary

2 Chronicles 36:22 shows the Lord orchestrating international politics to keep His word exactly as spoken through Jeremiah. By pinpointing Cyrus’s first regnal year, the verse grounds redemption in history. God Himself moves the king’s heart, turns prophecy into policy, broadcasts freedom across an empire, and commits the decree to unchangeable writing. The passage proves that Scripture is both accurate and active; what God promises, He performs—down to the year, the ruler, and the written document that sets His people free.

Verse 22. - In the first year of Cyrus King of Persia. A period of half a century has elapsed between the latest date of the foregoing verses (circ. B.C. 586) and the date signalized here (circ. B.C. 5.38-6). With the proclamation of Cyrus begins in fact the manhood, with all its mystic, its wonderful, and its still non-progressing struggles, of the Jew. His simple childhood, wilful youth, am indeed for ever gone. But he and his nation are with unspeakably painful travail born. No life of nation that is or ever has been merits the devout observation and study that this unchal-lengeably does. Our present verse and the one succeeding it are, sentence for sentence, the same with the opening verses of the Book of Ezra, which may possibly once have joined on to Chronicles, as one work, though we think this exceedingly unlikely. Cyrus (the כורֶשׁ of the Hebrew text) was the son of a royal Persian, Cambysses; his mother was Mandane, daughter of Astyages, last King of Media. The name appears on the monuments, written Kurus. Cyrus defeated his grandfather Astyages, B.C. 559; ending thereby the Median royal line; and he defeated Croesus, B.C. 546, possessing himself thereby of the kingdom of Lydia; he took Babylon, as above, B.C. 538. He himself died in battle, B.C. 529. That the word of the Lord by... Jeremiah might be accomplished (see Jeremiah 25:11-14; Jeremiah 29:9-11). The Lord stirred up the spirit of Cyrus. The fact is told us, and this, no doubt, as on a thousand other unsuspected occasions of far more intrinsic and vital interest in the Bible, is sufficient. It would have been interesting to know, however, even here, the mode in which Cyrus was appealed to; as, e.g., it has been plausibly suggested that Daniel may have been in part instrumental in the work, and that, again, in part perhaps by directing the attention of Cyrus to Isaiah 44:28; Isaiah 45:1.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
In the first
אַחַ֗ת (’a·ḥaṯ)
Number - feminine singular
Strong's 259: United, one, first

year
וּבִשְׁנַ֣ת (ū·ḇiš·naṯ)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 8141: A year

of Cyrus
לְכ֙וֹרֶשׁ֙ (lə·ḵō·w·reš)
Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3566: Cyrus -- a person king

king
מֶ֣לֶךְ (me·leḵ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4428: A king

of Persia,
פָּרַ֔ס (pā·ras)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 6539: Persia -- a country in west Asia which conquered Babylon

to fulfill
לִכְל֥וֹת (liḵ·lō·wṯ)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 3615: To be complete, at an end, finished, accomplished, or spent

the word
דְּבַר־ (də·ḇar-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1697: A word, a matter, thing, a cause

of the LORD
יְהוָ֖ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

spoken
בְּפִ֣י (bə·p̄î)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 6310: The mouth, edge, portion, side, according to

through Jeremiah,
יִרְמְיָ֑הוּ (yir·mə·yā·hū)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3414: Jeremiah -- 'Yah loosens', the name of a number of Israelites

the LORD
יְהוָ֗ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

stirred
הֵעִ֣יר (hê·‘îr)
Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5782: To rouse oneself, awake

the spirit
ר֙וּחַ֙ (rū·aḥ)
Noun - common singular construct
Strong's 7307: Wind, breath, exhalation, life, anger, unsubstantiality, a region of the sky, spirit

of Cyrus
כּ֣וֹרֶשׁ (kō·w·reš)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3566: Cyrus -- a person king

king
מֶֽלֶךְ־ (me·leḵ-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4428: A king

of Persia
פָּרַ֔ס (pā·ras)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 6539: Persia -- a country in west Asia which conquered Babylon

to send
וַיַּֽעֲבֶר־ (way·ya·‘ă·ḇer-)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5674: To pass over, through, or by, pass on

a proclamation
קוֹל֙ (qō·wl)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6963: A voice, sound

throughout
בְּכָל־ (bə·ḵāl)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

his kingdom
מַלְכוּת֔וֹ (mal·ḵū·ṯōw)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4438: Royalty, royal power, reign, kingdom

and
וְגַם־ (wə·ḡam-)
Conjunctive waw | Conjunction
Strong's 1571: Assemblage, also, even, yea, though, both, and

to put it in writing
בְּמִכְתָּ֖ב (bə·miḵ·tāḇ)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4385: A thing written, the characters, a document

as follows:
לֵאמֹֽר׃ (lê·mōr)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 559: To utter, say


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OT History: 2 Chronicles 36:22 Now in the first year of Cyrus (2 Chron. 2Ch iiCh ii ch 2 chr 2chr)
2 Chronicles 36:21
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