Exodus 8:15
New International Version
But when Pharaoh saw that there was relief, he hardened his heart and would not listen to Moses and Aaron, just as the LORD had said.

New Living Translation
But when Pharaoh saw that relief had come, he became stubborn. He refused to listen to Moses and Aaron, just as the LORD had predicted.

English Standard Version
But when Pharaoh saw that there was a respite, he hardened his heart and would not listen to them, as the LORD had said.

Berean Standard Bible
When Pharaoh saw that there was relief, however, he hardened his heart and would not listen to Moses and Aaron, just as the LORD had said.

King James Bible
But when Pharaoh saw that there was respite, he hardened his heart, and hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said.

New King James Version
But when Pharaoh saw that there was relief, he hardened his heart and did not heed them, as the LORD had said.

New American Standard Bible
But when Pharaoh saw that there was relief, he hardened his heart and did not listen to them, just as the LORD had said.

NASB 1995
But when Pharaoh saw that there was relief, he hardened his heart and did not listen to them, as the LORD had said.

NASB 1977
But when Pharaoh saw that there was relief, he hardened his heart and did not listen to them, as the LORD had said.

Legacy Standard Bible
Then Pharaoh saw that there was relief, and he hardened his heart with firmness and did not listen to them, as Yahweh had spoken.

Amplified Bible
But when Pharaoh saw that there was [temporary] relief, he hardened his heart and would not listen or pay attention to them, just as the LORD had said.

Christian Standard Bible
But when Pharaoh saw there was relief, he hardened his heart and would not listen to them, as the LORD had said.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
But when Pharaoh saw there was relief, he hardened his heart and would not listen to them, as the LORD had said.

American Standard Version
But when Pharaoh saw that there was respite, he hardened his heart, and hearkened not unto them, as Jehovah had spoken.

Contemporary English Version
But when the king saw that things were now better, he again did just as the LORD had said he would and stubbornly refused to listen to Moses and Aaron.

English Revised Version
But when Pharaoh saw that there was respite, he hardened his heart, and hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had spoken.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
When Pharaoh saw that the plague was over, he became stubborn and would not listen to Moses and Aaron, as the LORD had predicted.

Good News Translation
When the king saw that the frogs were dead, he became stubborn again and, just as the LORD had said, the king would not listen to Moses and Aaron.

International Standard Version
But when Pharaoh saw that there was relief, he hardened his heart and did not listen to them, just as the LORD had predicted.

Majority Standard Bible
When Pharaoh saw that there was relief, however, he hardened his heart and would not listen to Moses and Aaron, just as the LORD had said.

NET Bible
But when Pharaoh saw that there was relief, he hardened his heart and did not listen to them, just as the LORD had predicted.

New Heart English Bible
But when Pharaoh saw that there was a respite, he hardened his heart, and did not listen to them, as the LORD had spoken.

Webster's Bible Translation
But when Pharaoh saw that there was respit, he hardened his heart, and hearkened not to them, as the LORD had said.

World English Bible
But when Pharaoh saw that there was a respite, he hardened his heart, and didn’t listen to them, as Yahweh had spoken.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And Pharaoh sees that there has been a respite, and he has hardened his heart, and has not listened to them, as YHWH has spoken.

Young's Literal Translation
And Pharaoh seeth that there hath been a respite, and he hath hardened his heart, and hath not hearkened unto them, as Jehovah hath spoken.

Smith's Literal Translation
The original Julia E. Smith Bible records the following as a verse reference for Exodus 8:11And Pharaoh will see that there was enlargement, and he made his heart heavy, and he heard not to them; as Jehovah spake.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And Pharao seeing that rest was given, hardened his own heart, and did not hear them, as the Lord had commanded.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Then Pharaoh, seeing that relief had been provided, hardened his own heart, and he did not listen to them, just as the Lord had instructed.

New American Bible
But when Pharaoh saw there was a respite, he became obstinate and would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said.

New Revised Standard Version
But when Pharaoh saw that there was a respite, he hardened his heart, and would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And when Pharaoh saw that there was respite, he hardened his heart and would not listen to them, as the LORD had said to Moses.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And Pharaoh saw that relief came and he hardened his heart and did not listen to them, according to what LORD JEHOVAH said to Moshe.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
But when Pharaoh saw that there was respite, he hardened his heart, and hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had spoken.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And when Pharao saw that there was relief, his heart was hardened, and he did not hearken to them, as the Lord spoke.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Second Plague: Frogs
14They were piled into countless heaps, and there was a terrible stench in the land. 15When Pharaoh saw that there was relief, however, he hardened his heart and would not listen to Moses and Aaron, just as the LORD had said.

Cross References
Romans 2:5
But because of your hard and unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath against yourself for the day of wrath, when God’s righteous judgment will be revealed.

Hebrews 3:13
But exhort one another daily, as long as it is called today, so that none of you may be hardened by sin’s deceitfulness.

Proverbs 29:1
A man who remains stiff-necked after much reproof will suddenly be shattered beyond recovery.

1 Samuel 6:6
Why harden your hearts as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened theirs? When He afflicted them, did they not send the people out so they could go on their way?

2 Chronicles 36:13
He also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God. But Zedekiah stiffened his neck and hardened his heart against turning to the LORD, the God of Israel.

Isaiah 63:17
Why, O LORD, do You make us stray from Your ways and harden our hearts from fearing You? Return, for the sake of Your servants, the tribes of Your heritage.

Jeremiah 5:3
O LORD, do not Your eyes look for truth? You struck them, but they felt no pain. You finished them off, but they refused to accept discipline. They have made their faces harder than stone and refused to repent.

Ezekiel 3:7
But the house of Israel will be unwilling to listen to you, since they are unwilling to listen to Me. For the whole house of Israel is hard-headed and hard-hearted.

Daniel 5:20
But when his heart became arrogant and his spirit was hardened with pride, he was deposed from his royal throne, and his glory was taken from him.

Mark 3:5
Jesus looked around at them with anger and sorrow at their hardness of heart. Then He said to the man, “Stretch out your hand.” So he stretched it out, and it was restored.

Acts 7:51
You stiff-necked people with uncircumcised hearts and ears! You always resist the Holy Spirit, just as your fathers did.

Revelation 16:9
And the people were scorched by intense heat, and they cursed the name of God, who had authority over these plagues. Yet they did not repent and give Him glory.

Psalm 95:8
do not harden your hearts as you did at Meribah, in the day at Massah in the wilderness,

Zechariah 7:12
They made their hearts like flint and would not listen to the law or to the words that the LORD of Hosts had sent by His Spirit through the earlier prophets. Therefore great anger came from the LORD of Hosts.

Matthew 13:15
For this people’s heart has grown callous; they hardly hear with their ears, and they have closed their eyes. Otherwise they might see with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand with their hearts, and turn, and I would heal them.’


Treasury of Scripture

But when Pharaoh saw that there was respite, he hardened his heart, and listened not to them; as the LORD had said.

saw

Exodus 14:5
And it was told the king of Egypt that the people fled: and the heart of Pharaoh and of his servants was turned against the people, and they said, Why have we done this, that we have let Israel go from serving us?

Ecclesiastes 8:11
Because sentence against an evil work is not executed speedily, therefore the heart of the sons of men is fully set in them to do evil.

Isaiah 26:10
Let favour be shewed to the wicked, yet will he not learn righteousness: in the land of uprightness will he deal unjustly, and will not behold the majesty of the LORD.

he hardened

Exodus 4:21
And the LORD said unto Moses, When thou goest to return into Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go.

Exodus 7:4,13,14
But Pharaoh shall not hearken unto you, that I may lay my hand upon Egypt, and bring forth mine armies, and my people the children of Israel, out of the land of Egypt by great judgments…

Proverbs 29:1
He, that being often reproved hardeneth his neck, shall suddenly be destroyed, and that without remedy.

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Aaron Ear Hard Hardened Hearkened Heart Moses Peace Pharaoh Relief Respit Respite Time
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Aaron Ear Hard Hardened Hearkened Heart Moses Peace Pharaoh Relief Respit Respite Time
Exodus 8
1. Frogs are sent
8. Pharaoh complains to Moses, who by prayer removes them
16. The dust is turned into lice, which the magicians could not do
20. The plague of flies
25. Pharaoh inclines to let the people go, but yet is hardened














When Pharaoh saw
This phrase indicates a moment of perception and realization by Pharaoh. In the Hebrew text, the word for "saw" is "רָאָה" (ra'ah), which means to see, perceive, or understand. This suggests that Pharaoh was not merely observing the physical relief from the plague but was also making a conscious decision based on his understanding of the situation. Historically, Pharaohs were considered divine or semi-divine figures in Egyptian culture, and their decisions were often seen as expressions of divine will. Here, Pharaoh's perception is crucial as it sets the stage for his subsequent actions.

that there was relief
The term "relief" in Hebrew is "רְוָחָה" (revachah), which implies a respite or a breathing space. This relief came after the plague of frogs, which was the second plague that God sent upon Egypt. The historical context of the plagues is significant as they were direct challenges to the Egyptian gods, demonstrating the power of the God of Israel over the deities of Egypt. The relief Pharaoh experienced was temporary, highlighting the cyclical nature of his resistance to God's will.

he hardened his heart
The phrase "hardened his heart" is pivotal in understanding Pharaoh's character and the unfolding narrative. The Hebrew word for "hardened" is "כָּבֵד" (kaved), which can mean to make heavy, insensible, or stubborn. This hardening of the heart is a recurring theme in the Exodus narrative, illustrating Pharaoh's increasing resistance to God's commands. From a theological perspective, this hardening can be seen as both a result of Pharaoh's own choices and as part of God's sovereign plan, as God had foretold this response.

and would not listen to them
Pharaoh's refusal to listen is a direct act of disobedience. The Hebrew word for "listen" is "שָׁמַע" (shama), which means to hear, listen, or obey. In the biblical context, listening often implies obedience, not just auditory reception. Pharaoh's refusal to listen to Moses and Aaron, God's messengers, signifies his rejection of divine authority. This act of defiance is a critical moment that leads to further plagues and ultimately, the liberation of the Israelites.

just as the LORD had said
This phrase underscores the fulfillment of God's word and His sovereignty over the events unfolding in Egypt. The Hebrew name for the LORD here is "יְהוָה" (YHWH), the covenant name of God, emphasizing His faithfulness and power. God's foreknowledge and declaration of Pharaoh's response highlight the divine orchestration of the Exodus events. This assurance of God's word being fulfilled serves as a reminder of His ultimate control and the reliability of His promises.

(15) When Pharaoh saw that there was respite.--Hebrew, a breathing space.

He hardened his heart.--Hitherto Pharaoh's nature had not been impressed; his heart had remained dull, callous, hard. Now an impression had been made (Exodus 8:8), and he must have yielded, if he had not called in his own will to efface it. Herein was his great guilt. (See the comment on Exodus 4:21.)

Verse 15. - When Pharaoh saw that there was respite. Literally, "a taking of breath," i.e., "a breathing-space." He hardened his heart. He became hard and merciless once more, believing that the danger was past, and not expecting any fresh visitation. As Isaiah says - "Let favour be shewed to the wicked, yet will he not learn righteousness" (Isaiah 26:10). Bad men "despise the riches of God's goodness and forbearance, and long-suffering, not knowing that the goodness of God leadeth them to repentance." In this way, they "treasure up to themselves wrath against the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God" (Romans 2:4, 5), either in this world or in the world to come. As the Lord had said. See Exodus 3:19; Exodus 4:21; Exodus 7:4. CHAPTER 8:16-19

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
When Pharaoh
פַּרְעֹ֗ה (par·‘ōh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6547: Pharaoh -- a title of Egypt kings

saw
וַיַּ֣רְא (way·yar)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7200: To see

there was
הָֽיְתָה֙ (hā·yə·ṯāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be

relief, however,
הָֽרְוָחָ֔ה (hā·rə·wā·ḥāh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 7309: Respite, relief

he hardened
וְהַכְבֵּד֙ (wə·haḵ·bêḏ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive absolute
Strong's 3513: To be heavy, weighty, or burdensome

his heart
לִבּ֔וֹ (lib·bōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 3820: The heart, the feelings, the will, the intellect, centre

and would not
וְלֹ֥א (wə·lō)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

listen
שָׁמַ֖ע (šā·ma‘)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 8085: To hear intelligently

to [Moses and Aaron],
אֲלֵהֶ֑ם (’ă·lê·hem)
Preposition | third person masculine plural
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

just as
כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר (ka·’ă·šer)
Preposition-k | Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834: Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

the LORD
יְהוָֽה׃ (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

had said.
דִּבֶּ֥ר (dib·ber)
Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1696: To arrange, to speak, to subdue


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OT Law: Exodus 8:15 But when Pharaoh saw that there was (Exo. Ex)
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