Nehemiah 10:34
New International Version
“We—the priests, the Levites and the people—have cast lots to determine when each of our families is to bring to the house of our God at set times each year a contribution of wood to burn on the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the Law.

New Living Translation
“We have cast sacred lots to determine when—at regular times each year—the families of the priests, Levites, and the common people should bring wood to God’s Temple to be burned on the altar of the LORD our God, as is written in the Law.

English Standard Version
We, the priests, the Levites, and the people, have likewise cast lots for the wood offering, to bring it into the house of our God, according to our fathers’ houses, at times appointed, year by year, to burn on the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the Law.

Berean Standard Bible
We have cast lots among the priests, Levites, and people for the donation of wood by our families at the appointed times each year. They are to bring it to the house of our God to burn on the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the Law.

King James Bible
And we cast the lots among the priests, the Levites, and the people, for the wood offering, to bring it into the house of our God, after the houses of our fathers, at times appointed year by year, to burn upon the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the law:

New King James Version
We cast lots among the priests, the Levites, and the people, for bringing the wood offering into the house of our God, according to our fathers’ houses, at the appointed times year by year, to burn on the altar of the LORD our God as it is written in the Law.

New American Standard Bible
Likewise we cast lots for the supply of wood among the priests, the Levites, and the people so that they could bring it to the house of our God, according to our fathers’ households, at set times annually, to burn on the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the Law;

NASB 1995
Likewise we cast lots for the supply of wood among the priests, the Levites and the people so that they might bring it to the house of our God, according to our fathers’ households, at fixed times annually, to burn on the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the law;

NASB 1977
Likewise we cast lots for the supply of wood among the priests, the Levites, and the people in order that they might bring it to the house of our God, according to our fathers’ households, at fixed times annually, to burn on the altar of the LORD our God as it is written in the law;

Legacy Standard Bible
Likewise we cast lots for the supply of wood among the priests, the Levites, and the people, in order to bring it to the house of our God, according to our fathers’ households, at fixed times annually, to burn on the altar of Yahweh our God, as it is written in the law;

Amplified Bible
We have also cast lots—the priests, the Levites, and the people—for [contributing] the supply of wood, to bring it to the house of our God, according to our fathers’ households, at set times annually, to burn on the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the Law;

Christian Standard Bible
We have cast lots among the priests, Levites, and people for the donation of wood by our ancestral families at the appointed times each year. They are to bring the wood to our God’s house to burn on the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the law.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
We have cast lots among the priests, Levites, and people for the donation of wood by our ancestral houses at the appointed times each year. They are to bring the wood to our God’s house to burn on the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the law.

American Standard Version
And we cast lots, the priests, the Levites, and the people, for the wood-offering, to bring it into the house of our God, according to our fathers' houses, at times appointed, year by year, to burn upon the altar of Jehovah our God, as it is written in the law;

Contemporary English Version
We have decided that the families of priests, Levites, and ordinary people will supply firewood for the temple each year, so that sacrifices can be offered on the altar, just as the LORD our God has commanded.

English Revised Version
And we cast lots, the priests, the Levites, and the people, for the wood offering, to bring it into the house of our God, according to our fathers' houses, at times appointed, year by year, to burn upon the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the law:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
We priests, Levites, and laypeople have drawn lots to decide the order in which the heads of our families should bring wood to our God's temple to burn on the altar of the LORD our God at appointed times every year according to the directions in the Teachings.

Good News Translation
We, the people, priests, and Levites, will draw lots each year to determine which clans are to provide wood to burn the sacrifices offered to the LORD our God, according to the requirements of the Law.

International Standard Version
We—the priests, the descendants of Levi, and the people—cast lots to determine when to bring the wood offering into the Temple of our God, just as our ancestors' families were appointed annually to maintain the altar fire of the LORD our God, as recorded in the Law.

Majority Standard Bible
We have cast lots among the priests, Levites, and people for the donation of wood by our families at the appointed times each year. They are to bring it to the house of our God to burn on the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the Law.

NET Bible
"We--the priests, the Levites, and the people--have cast lots concerning the wood offerings, to bring them to the temple of our God according to our families at the designated times year by year to burn on the altar of the LORD our God, as is written in the law.

New Heart English Bible
We cast lots, the priests, the Levites, and the people, for the wood offering, to bring it into the house of our God, according to our fathers' houses, at times appointed, year by year, to burn on the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the law;

Webster's Bible Translation
And we cast the lots among the priests, the Levites, and the people, for the wood-offering, to bring it into the house of our God, after the houses of our fathers, at times appointed year by year, to burn upon the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the law:

World English Bible
We, the priests, the Levites, and the people, cast lots for the wood offering, to bring it into the house of our God, according to our fathers’ houses, at times appointed year by year, to burn on Yahweh our God’s altar, as it is written in the law;
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And we have caused the lots to fall for the offering of wood, [among] the priests, the Levites, and the people, to bring into the house of our God, by the house of our fathers, at times appointed, year by year, to burn on the altar of our God YHWH, as it is written in the Law,

Young's Literal Translation
And the lots we have caused to fall for the offering of wood, among the priests, the Levites, and the people, to bring in to the house of our God, by the house of our fathers, at times appointed, year by year, to burn on the altar of Jehovah our God, as it is written in the law,

Smith's Literal Translation
And we cast the lots for the oblation of the woods, of the priests, the Levites and the people, to bring to the house of our God, for the house of our fathers at the times appointed year by year, to burn upon the altar of Jehovah our God, as written in the law:
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And we cast lots among the priests, and the Levites, and the people for the offering of wood, that it might be brought into the house of our God by the houses of our fathers at set times, from year to year: to burn upon the altar of the Lord our God, as it is written in the law of Moses :

Catholic Public Domain Version
Then we cast lots concerning the oblation of the wood among the priests, and the Levites, and the people, so that it would be carried into the house of our God, by the households of our fathers, at set times, from the times of one year to another, so that they might burn upon the altar of the Lord our God, just as it was written in the law of Moses,

New American Bible
We, priests, Levites, and people, have determined by lot concerning the procurement of wood: it is to be brought to the house of our God by each of our ancestral houses at stated times each year, to be burnt on the altar of the LORD, our God, as the law prescribes.

New Revised Standard Version
We have also cast lots among the priests, the Levites, and the people, for the wood offering, to bring it into the house of our God, by ancestral houses, at appointed times, year by year, to burn on the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the law.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And they cast lots among the priests, the Levites, and the people, for the wood offering, to bring it into the house of the LORD our God, as it is written in the book of law;

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And the Priests and the Levites and the people cast lots for offerings of wood to bring to the house of LORD JEHOVAH our God, as it is written in the book of the Law
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And we cast lots, the priests, the Levites, and the people, for the wood-offering, to bring it into the house of our God, according to our fathers' houses, at times appointed, year by year, to burn upon the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the Law;

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And we cast lots for the office of wood-bearing, we the priests, and the Levites, and the people, to bring wood into the house of our God, according to the house of our families, at certain set times, year by year, to burn on the altar of the Lord our God, as it is written in the law:

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Vows of the Covenant
33for the showbread, for the regular grain offerings and burnt offerings, for the Sabbath offerings, for the New Moons and appointed feasts, for the holy offerings, for the sin offerings to make atonement for Israel, and for all the duties of the house of our God. 34We have cast lots among the priests, Levites, and people for the donation of wood by our families at the appointed times each year. They are to bring it to the house of our God to burn on the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the Law. 35We will also bring the firstfruits of our land and of every fruit tree to the house of the LORD year by year.…

Cross References
Exodus 30:7-8
And Aaron is to burn fragrant incense on it every morning when he tends the lamps. / When Aaron sets up the lamps at twilight, he must burn the incense perpetually before the LORD for the generations to come.

Leviticus 6:12-13
The fire on the altar shall be kept burning; it must not be extinguished. Every morning the priest is to add wood to the fire, arrange the burnt offering on it, and burn the fat portions of the peace offerings on it. / The fire shall be kept burning on the altar continually; it must not be extinguished.

2 Chronicles 2:4
Behold, I am about to build a house for the Name of the LORD my God to dedicate to Him for burning fragrant incense before Him, for displaying the showbread continuously, and for making burnt offerings every morning and evening as well as on the Sabbaths, New Moons, and appointed feasts of the LORD our God. This is ordained for Israel forever.

2 Chronicles 13:11
Every morning and every evening they present burnt offerings and fragrant incense to the LORD. They set out the rows of showbread on the ceremonially clean table, and every evening they light the lamps of the gold lampstand. We are carrying out the requirements of the LORD our God, while you have forsaken Him.

2 Chronicles 29:11
Now, my sons, do not be negligent, for the LORD has chosen you to stand before Him, to serve Him, to minister before Him, and to burn incense.”

2 Chronicles 31:3
The king contributed from his own possessions for the regular morning and evening burnt offerings and for the burnt offerings on the Sabbaths, New Moons, and appointed feasts, as written in the Law of the LORD.

Ezra 3:3-5
They set up the altar on its foundation and sacrificed burnt offerings on it to the LORD—both the morning and evening burnt offerings—even though they feared the people of the land. / They also celebrated the Feast of Tabernacles in accordance with what is written, and they offered burnt offerings daily based on the number prescribed for each day. / After that, they presented the regular burnt offerings and those for New Moons and for all the appointed sacred feasts of the LORD, as well as all the freewill offerings brought to the LORD.

Numbers 28:2-4
“Command the Israelites and say to them: See that you present to Me at its appointed time the food for My food offerings, as a pleasing aroma to Me. / And tell them that this is the food offering you are to present to the LORD as a regular burnt offering each day: two unblemished year-old male lambs. / Offer one lamb in the morning and the other at twilight,

Numbers 28:6
This is a regular burnt offering established at Mount Sinai as a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the LORD.

Numbers 28:13-15
and a tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering with each lamb. This is a burnt offering, a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the LORD. / Their drink offerings shall be half a hin of wine with each bull, a third of a hin with the ram, and a quarter hin with each lamb. This is the monthly burnt offering to be made at each new moon throughout the year. / In addition to the regular burnt offering with its drink offering, one male goat is to be presented to the LORD as a sin offering.

Deuteronomy 12:5-7
Instead, you must seek the place the LORD your God will choose from among all your tribes to establish as a dwelling for His Name, and there you must go. / To that place you are to bring your burnt offerings and sacrifices, your tithes and heave offerings, your vow offerings and freewill offerings, as well as the firstborn of your herds and flocks. / There, in the presence of the LORD your God, you and your households shall eat and rejoice in all you do, because the LORD your God has blessed you.

1 Chronicles 23:30-31
They were also to stand every morning to give thanks and praise to the LORD, and likewise in the evening. / Whenever burnt offerings were presented to the LORD on the Sabbaths, New Moons, and appointed feasts, they were to serve regularly before the LORD in the numbers prescribed for them.

1 Chronicles 28:13
for the divisions of the priests and Levites, for all the work of service in the house of the LORD, and for all the articles of service in the house of the LORD:

Psalm 141:2
May my prayer be set before You like incense; my uplifted hands, like the evening offering.

Isaiah 56:7
I will bring them to My holy mountain and make them joyful in My house of prayer. Their burnt offerings and sacrifices will be accepted on My altar, for My house will be called a house of prayer for all the nations.”


Treasury of Scripture

And we cast the lots among the priests, the Levites, and the people, for the wood offering, to bring it into the house of our God, after the houses of our fathers, at times appointed year by year, to burn on the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the law:

cast.

1 Chronicles 24:5,7
Thus were they divided by lot, one sort with another; for the governors of the sanctuary, and governors of the house of God, were of the sons of Eleazar, and of the sons of Ithamar…

1 Chronicles 25:8,9
And they cast lots, ward against ward, as well the small as the great, the teacher as the scholar…

Proverbs 18:18
The lot causeth contentions to cease, and parteth between the mighty.

the wood offering.

Nehemiah 10:17
Ater, Hizkijah, Azzur,

Nehemiah 13:31
And for the wood offering, at times appointed, and for the firstfruits. Remember me, O my God, for good.

Leviticus 6:12
And the fire upon the altar shall be burning in it; it shall not be put out: and the priest shall burn wood on it every morning, and lay the burnt offering in order upon it; and he shall burn thereon the fat of the peace offerings.

Joshua 9:27
And Joshua made them that day hewers of wood and drawers of water for the congregation, and for the altar of the LORD, even unto this day, in the place which he should choose.

at times.

Hebrews 10:3-7
But in those sacrifices there is a remembrance again made of sins every year…

as it is written.

Leviticus 6:12,13
And the fire upon the altar shall be burning in it; it shall not be put out: and the priest shall burn wood on it every morning, and lay the burnt offering in order upon it; and he shall burn thereon the fat of the peace offerings…

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Nehemiah 10
1. The names of those who sealed the covenant.
29. The points of the covenant.














We have cast lots
The practice of casting lots is deeply rooted in the Hebrew tradition as a means of discerning God's will. The Hebrew word for "lots" is "goral," which signifies a small stone or object used in decision-making. This method reflects a reliance on divine providence rather than human judgment. In the context of Nehemiah, casting lots ensured fairness and impartiality in the distribution of responsibilities among the people, emphasizing the community's collective commitment to God's service.

among the priests, Levites, and people
This phrase highlights the inclusive nature of the covenant community. The priests and Levites held specific roles in temple service, but the inclusion of "people" underscores the shared responsibility of all Israelites in maintaining the worship and service of God. Historically, this reflects the post-exilic community's effort to re-establish a unified identity centered around the temple and the Law.

to bring a supply of wood
Wood was essential for the burnt offerings on the altar, symbolizing the people's dedication and worship. The Hebrew word "ets" for wood signifies not just the physical material but also the effort and resources required to sustain the temple's sacrificial system. This task was a practical expression of devotion, ensuring that the altar of the LORD remained active and vibrant.

to our God’s house
The phrase "God’s house" refers to the temple in Jerusalem, the central place of worship and the symbol of God's presence among His people. The temple was not merely a physical structure but a spiritual center where heaven and earth met. This commitment to supplying wood for the temple reflects the community's dedication to maintaining a sacred space for encountering God.

at appointed times each year
The phrase "appointed times" indicates a structured and orderly approach to worship, aligning with the Hebrew concept of "moed," meaning appointed time or season. This regularity ensured that the temple services were sustained throughout the year, reflecting the rhythm of worship and the cyclical nature of the Jewish calendar, which included festivals and holy days.

according to our families
This phrase emphasizes the familial and communal aspect of worship. Each family had a role in supporting the temple, fostering a sense of belonging and shared purpose. It reflects the biblical principle that faith and worship are not just individual acts but are deeply rooted in family and community life.

to burn on the altar of the LORD our God
The altar was the focal point of sacrificial worship, representing atonement, thanksgiving, and communion with God. The act of burning offerings was a tangible expression of devotion and obedience. The phrase "the LORD our God" reaffirms the covenant relationship between God and His people, highlighting His sovereignty and their allegiance.

as it is written in the Law
This phrase underscores the authority of the Torah as the guiding standard for the community's life and worship. The Law provided the framework for their covenant relationship with God, and adherence to it was seen as an expression of faithfulness and obedience. This commitment to the Law reflects the post-exilic community's desire to align their lives with God's revealed will, as they sought to rebuild and restore their identity as His people.

(34) As it is written in the law.--Leviticus 6:12 prescribes that the fire on the altar should be kept burning by wood. But here we have the origin of the "feast of the wood-offering"--a special day, subsequently substituted for the "times appointed year by year." The lot determined the order in which the various classes should supply the wood.

Verse 34. - We cast the lots for the wood offering. The "wood offering" is now first heard cf. Fuel had probably been more plentiful in the times of the monarchy than it had now become, and the temple treasury had been rich enough to provide what was needed in order to keep the altar fire perpetually burning (Leviticus 6:13). But times had changed. The hill-country of Judaea had gradually been stripped of its forests. The temple was, comparatively speaking, poor, and some permanent arrangement for the supply of the required fuel had become necessary. It would seem, from the present passage, that the arrangement actually made was one by which different families or districts undertook the duty of furnishing the wood in turn, and lots were cast to determine the order in which they should discharge the office. According to Josephus ('Bell. Jud.,' it. 17, § 6), the wood needed for a year was brought in on a particular day - the fourteenth day of the fifth month - which was kept as a festival, and known as the "Xylophoria." At times appointed year by year. It may be gathered from this that, originally, no single day was selected for bringing in all the wood; much less one and the same day appointed for every year. The original system was variable and elastic; but in course of time a rigid uniformity was introduced and established. As it is written in the law. See Leviticus 6:12.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
We have cast
הִפַּ֜לְנוּ (hip·pal·nū)
Verb - Hifil - Perfect - first person common plural
Strong's 5307: To fall, lie

lots
וְהַגּוֹרָל֨וֹת (wə·hag·gō·w·rā·lō·wṯ)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 1486: Lot -- a lot (for casting)

among the priests,
הַכֹּהֲנִ֣ים (hak·kō·hă·nîm)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 3548: Priest

Levites,
הַלְוִיִּם֮ (hal·wî·yim)
Article | Noun - proper - masculine plural
Strong's 3881: Levites -- descendant of Levi

and people
וְהָעָם֒ (wə·hā·‘ām)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock

for
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

the donation
קֻרְבַּ֣ן (qur·ban)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7133: Something brought near the altar, a sacrificial present

of wood
הָעֵצִ֗ים (hā·‘ê·ṣîm)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 6086: Tree, trees, wood

by our families
אֲבֹתֵ֛ינוּ (’ă·ḇō·ṯê·nū)
Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural
Strong's 1: Father

at the appointed
מְזֻמָּנִ֖ים (mə·zum·mā·nîm)
Verb - Pual - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 2163: To be fixed, appointed

times
לְעִתִּ֥ים (lə·‘it·tîm)
Preposition-l | Noun - common plural
Strong's 6256: Time, now, when

each year.
שָׁנָ֣ה (šā·nāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 8141: A year

They are to bring it
לְ֠הָבִיא (lə·hā·ḇî)
Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go

to the house
לְבֵית־ (lə·ḇêṯ-)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1004: A house

of our God
אֱלֹהֵ֧ינוּ (’ĕ·lō·hê·nū)
Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural
Strong's 430: gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative

to burn
לְבַעֵ֗ר (lə·ḇa·‘êr)
Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct
Strong's 1197: To kindle, consume, to be, brutish

on
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

the altar
מִזְבַּח֙ (miz·baḥ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4196: An altar

of the LORD
יְהוָ֣ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

our God,
אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ (’ĕ·lō·hê·nū)
Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural
Strong's 430: gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative

as it is written
כַּכָּת֖וּב (kak·kā·ṯūḇ)
Preposition-k, Article | Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singular
Strong's 3789: To grave, to write

in the Law.
בַּתּוֹרָֽה׃ (bat·tō·w·rāh)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 8451: Direction, instruction, law


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OT History: Nehemiah 10:34 We cast lots the priests the Levites (Neh Ne)
Nehemiah 10:33
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