After the death of Moses
This phrase marks a significant transition in the narrative of Israel's history. Moses, whose name in Hebrew is "Moshe," was the great leader and prophet who led the Israelites out of Egypt. His death signifies the end of an era and the beginning of a new chapter. Historically, Moses' death would have been a moment of uncertainty for the Israelites, as he was the mediator of God's covenant and the one who received the Law. The phrase underscores the continuity of God's plan despite human mortality.

the servant of the LORD
The Hebrew word for "servant" is "eved," which implies a position of honor and dedication. Moses is described as a servant of Yahweh, highlighting his faithfulness and obedience to God's commands. This title is significant because it sets a standard for leadership in Israel; true leaders are those who serve God and His people. The phrase also emphasizes the intimate relationship Moses had with God, serving as a model for Joshua and future leaders.

the LORD
The term "LORD" in all capital letters represents the divine name "Yahweh," the covenant name of God revealed to Moses at the burning bush (Exodus 3:14). This name signifies God's eternal, self-existent nature and His faithfulness to His promises. The use of "Yahweh" here reassures the Israelites that the same God who was with Moses will now be with Joshua, ensuring the continuity of His covenant promises.

said to Joshua
The Hebrew name "Yehoshua" means "Yahweh is salvation." Joshua's name itself is a testament to his role as a deliverer and leader under God's guidance. The act of God speaking to Joshua indicates divine endorsement and the transfer of leadership. It is a moment of divine commissioning, where God directly communicates His will, providing assurance and authority to Joshua.

son of Nun
This phrase identifies Joshua's lineage, grounding him in the history and community of Israel. Nun, his father, is mentioned to establish Joshua's heritage and legitimacy. In the ancient Near Eastern context, lineage was crucial for establishing one's identity and role within the community. It also connects Joshua to the previous generation that experienced the Exodus and the wilderness journey.

Moses’ assistant
The Hebrew word for "assistant" is "mesharet," which implies a close, personal service. Joshua served as Moses' aide, learning from him and observing his leadership. This role prepared Joshua for his future responsibilities. The phrase highlights the importance of mentorship and discipleship in leadership development. Joshua's experience as an assistant provided him with the necessary skills and understanding to lead the people effectively.

Moses My servant is dead
This phrase marks a significant transition in the leadership of Israel. The Hebrew word for "servant" is "ebed," which denotes a person who is in service to another, often with a connotation of loyalty and dedication. Moses, as God's servant, was a faithful leader who guided the Israelites out of Egypt and through the wilderness. His death signifies the end of an era and the beginning of a new chapter for the Israelites. Historically, Moses is a towering figure, and his passing would have been a moment of both grief and uncertainty for the people. Yet, it also sets the stage for God's continued faithfulness and the unfolding of His promises.

Now therefore arise
The command to "arise" is a call to action. The Hebrew word "qum" implies standing up, taking a position, and preparing for movement. This is not just a physical rising but a spiritual and emotional readiness to embrace the task ahead. Joshua is being called to step into his role as leader, to rise above any fear or hesitation, and to trust in God's plan. This moment is pivotal, as it requires Joshua to transition from being Moses' assistant to the leader of a nation. It is a reminder that God's work continues, and His purposes are not hindered by the passing of one leader.

cross over this Jordan
The Jordan River represents a boundary and a barrier. To "cross over" is to move from one stage of life to another, from wandering in the wilderness to entering the Promised Land. The Jordan is not just a physical obstacle but a symbol of the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead. In the Hebrew context, crossing a river often signifies a significant change or transformation. For Joshua and the Israelites, this crossing is a step of faith, trusting in God's promise to give them the land. It is a call to leave behind the past and embrace the future that God has prepared for them.

you and all this people
This phrase emphasizes the communal aspect of God's promise. Joshua is not called to act alone; he is to lead "all this people." The Hebrew word for "people" is "am," which refers to a community bound together by shared history, culture, and faith. The journey into the Promised Land is a collective endeavor, requiring unity and cooperation. It highlights the importance of leadership that serves the community and the need for the people to follow God's appointed leader. This collective movement underscores the covenant relationship between God and His people, a relationship that is both personal and communal.

into the land that I am giving to them
The "land" is central to God's covenant with Israel. It is a tangible expression of His promise and faithfulness. The Hebrew word "eretz" can mean land, earth, or territory, and in this context, it refers to the specific land promised to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. The phrase "I am giving" indicates that the land is a gift from God, not something earned or deserved. It is a reminder of God's sovereignty and grace. The land is not just a physical space but a place where the Israelites are to live out their identity as God's chosen people, a place where they are to worship Him and be a light to the nations.

to the sons of Israel
The "sons of Israel" refers to the descendants of Jacob, whose name was changed to Israel after wrestling with God. This phrase connects the current generation with their ancestors and the promises made to them. It emphasizes the continuity of God's covenant and the faithfulness of His promises across generations. The Hebrew word "ben" means son, but it can also refer to descendants or members of a group. This highlights the idea that God's promises are not limited to one generation but extend to all who are part of His covenant community. It is a call to remember their identity and purpose as God's people.

I have given you
This phrase is a declaration of divine assurance and fulfillment. The Hebrew root word here is "נָתַן" (natan), which means "to give." It signifies a completed action, emphasizing God's sovereignty and faithfulness. The use of the perfect tense indicates that the promise is as good as fulfilled, even before Joshua takes action. This reflects the certainty of God's promises and His control over the unfolding of history.

every place
The phrase "every place" underscores the vastness and inclusivity of God's promise. It is not limited to specific locations but encompasses all territories that Joshua and the Israelites will encounter. This reflects the boundless nature of God's provision and His desire to bless His people abundantly. Historically, this promise would have been understood in the context of the land of Canaan, a land rich in resources and strategically located.

where the sole of your foot will tread
This expression is both literal and symbolic. Literally, it refers to the physical act of walking on the land, which was a common ancient Near Eastern practice to claim ownership. Symbolically, it represents the act of faith and obedience required from Joshua and the Israelites. The Hebrew word for "tread" is "דָּרַךְ" (darakh), which can also mean "to march" or "to press." It implies intentionality and determination, suggesting that the fulfillment of God's promise requires active participation and trust in His guidance.

just as I promised to Moses
This phrase connects Joshua's mission to the broader narrative of God's covenant with Israel. The promise to Moses, found in passages like Deuteronomy 11:24, serves as a reminder of God's unchanging nature and His commitment to His word. It reinforces the continuity of God's plan from Moses to Joshua, highlighting the importance of leadership succession and the transmission of faith across generations. This continuity assures the Israelites that God's promises are reliable and enduring, providing a foundation for their hope and courage as they enter the Promised Land.

Your territory shall extend
This phrase signifies the promise of expansion and possession. In Hebrew, the word for "territory" (גְּבוּל, gebul) implies a boundary or border, suggesting a divinely ordained space for the Israelites. The promise of extension is a fulfillment of God's covenant with Abraham, indicating a divine mandate for growth and blessing.

from the wilderness and Lebanon
The "wilderness" refers to the desert regions south of Canaan, symbolizing the trials and testing the Israelites faced. "Lebanon" is known for its majestic cedar trees and represents the northernmost boundary. Historically, Lebanon was a region of great beauty and resources, indicating the richness of the land God was giving to His people.

to the great river, the Euphrates
The Euphrates is one of the most significant rivers in the ancient Near East, often associated with fertility and life. In Hebrew, "Euphrates" (פְּרָת, Perath) is a symbol of abundance and prosperity. This boundary marks the easternmost extent of the promised land, highlighting the vastness of God's promise.

all the land of the Hittites
The Hittites were a powerful ancient people known for their advanced civilization and military prowess. Mentioning "all the land of the Hittites" underscores the comprehensive nature of the conquest and the overcoming of formidable foes through divine assistance.

and west as far as the Great Sea
The "Great Sea" refers to the Mediterranean Sea, marking the western boundary. This sea was crucial for trade and cultural exchange, symbolizing openness to the world and the potential for influence and interaction with other nations.

No man shall be able to stand against you
This phrase is a powerful promise of divine protection and victory. The Hebrew root for "stand" (יַצֵּב, yatsab) implies taking a firm position or enduring. Historically, this assurance was crucial for Joshua as he led the Israelites into the Promised Land, a territory filled with formidable enemies. The phrase underscores God's sovereignty and the certainty of His support, encouraging believers to trust in God's power over any opposition.

all the days of your life
This phrase emphasizes the perpetual nature of God's promise to Joshua. The Hebrew word for "days" (יָמִים, yamim) signifies not just a period but the entirety of one's life journey. It reassures believers that God's faithfulness is not temporary but extends throughout their entire existence, offering continuous guidance and support.

As I was with Moses, so I will be with you
Here, God draws a parallel between His relationship with Moses and Joshua. The phrase "as I was" (כַּאֲשֶׁר הָיִיתִי, ka'asher hayiti) highlights the consistency of God's presence. Historically, Moses was a revered leader who experienced God's direct guidance. This assurance to Joshua signifies that the same divine presence and support that empowered Moses would now empower him, reinforcing the continuity of God's covenant and leadership.

I will never leave you nor forsake you
This promise is a profound declaration of God's unwavering commitment. The Hebrew word for "leave" (רָפָה, rapha) means to let go or abandon, while "forsake" (עָזַב, azab) implies leaving behind or neglecting. Together, they convey a deep assurance of God's constant presence and care. This promise is echoed throughout Scripture, reminding believers of God's eternal faithfulness and the security found in His unchanging nature.

Be strong and courageous
The phrase "Be strong and courageous" is a direct command from God to Joshua, emphasizing the need for inner fortitude and bravery. The Hebrew word for "strong" is "chazaq," which implies not just physical strength but also a steadfastness of heart and mind. "Courageous" comes from the Hebrew "amats," suggesting a resolute spirit and determination. Historically, Joshua was stepping into the monumental role of leading the Israelites into the Promised Land, a task that required immense faith and trust in God. This command is a reminder that true strength and courage are rooted in reliance on God's promises and presence.

for you shall give these people
This phrase underscores Joshua's divine appointment and responsibility. The Hebrew word "nathan," translated as "give," indicates a bestowal or entrustment. Joshua is not acting on his own authority but is divinely commissioned to lead the Israelites. This reflects the biblical principle that leadership is a stewardship from God, meant to serve His purposes and His people.

possession of the land
The "land" refers to Canaan, the Promised Land, which holds significant theological and historical importance. It is the fulfillment of God's covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. The Hebrew word "erets" for "land" signifies not just a physical territory but a place of divine promise and blessing. The concept of "possession" implies a permanent inheritance, a gift from God that requires faithfulness and obedience to maintain.

that I swore to their fathers
This phrase highlights the faithfulness of God to His covenant promises. The Hebrew word "shaba" means to swear or make an oath, indicating a solemn and binding promise. The "fathers" refer to the patriarchs—Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob—who received God's promises of land, descendants, and blessing. This historical context reassures Joshua and the Israelites that God is faithful to His word, and His promises are sure.

to give them
The repetition of the word "give" emphasizes the gracious nature of God's promise. The land is not earned by the Israelites but is a gift from God, underscoring the theme of grace throughout the Bible. This phrase serves as a reminder that all blessings and inheritances from God are acts of His grace, calling for gratitude and faithfulness in response.

Above all
This phrase emphasizes the utmost importance of the command that follows. In the Hebrew text, the emphasis is on prioritizing the instructions given. It suggests that what follows is not just a suggestion but a critical directive for success and obedience to God’s will. Historically, this reflects the transition of leadership from Moses to Joshua, underscoring the need for Joshua to adhere strictly to God’s commands as he leads the Israelites into the Promised Land.

be strong and very courageous
The Hebrew words "chazaq" (be strong) and "amats" (be courageous) are imperative commands. "Chazaq" implies firmness, resoluteness, and strength, while "amats" suggests bravery and determination. This call to strength and courage is not merely physical but deeply spiritual, as Joshua is to rely on God’s power and presence. In the context of ancient Israel, this was crucial as Joshua faced formidable enemies and the daunting task of conquering Canaan.

Be careful to observe
The Hebrew root "shamar" means to guard, keep, or observe. This implies a diligent and intentional effort to adhere to God’s law. It is not a passive action but an active, vigilant commitment to God’s instructions. Historically, this reflects the covenant relationship between God and Israel, where obedience to the law was central to maintaining God’s favor and blessing.

all the law that My servant Moses commanded you
This phrase refers to the Torah, the first five books of the Bible, which contain the laws given to Moses. The term "all" signifies the comprehensive nature of the law, indicating that partial obedience is insufficient. Moses, as God’s servant, was the mediator of the law, and Joshua is reminded to continue in this tradition of obedience. This continuity underscores the unchanging nature of God’s expectations and the importance of the law in guiding the nation of Israel.

Do not turn from it to the right or to the left
This idiom emphasizes the need for unwavering adherence to God’s law. The imagery of not turning to the right or left suggests a straight path, symbolizing faithfulness and consistency. In the ancient Near Eastern context, this would resonate with the idea of a journey or pilgrimage, where deviation could lead to danger or failure. Spiritually, it underscores the importance of focus and dedication in following God’s commands.

so that you may prosper wherever you go
The Hebrew word "sakal" translated as "prosper" implies success, wisdom, and understanding. This promise of prosperity is conditional upon obedience to God’s law. It reflects the covenantal blessings promised to Israel for faithfulness. The phrase "wherever you go" indicates that God’s blessing is not limited to a specific location but accompanies those who are obedient, highlighting the universal and timeless nature of God’s promises to His people.

This Book of the Law
The phrase "This Book of the Law" refers to the Torah, the first five books of the Bible, traditionally attributed to Moses. In Hebrew, the word for "law" is "Torah," which means instruction or teaching. This highlights the importance of the Scriptures as a guide for life. Historically, the Torah was central to Jewish life and worship, serving as the foundation for their covenant relationship with God. For Christians, it underscores the continuity of God's revelation and the importance of Scripture as the ultimate authority in guiding faith and practice.

must not depart from your mouth
The command that the law "must not depart from your mouth" emphasizes the importance of verbal proclamation and meditation on God's Word. In ancient times, oral tradition was a primary means of preserving and transmitting knowledge. The Hebrew word for "depart" is "mush," which implies a sense of removal or withdrawal. This suggests that God's Word should be a constant presence in one's speech and thought, reflecting a life immersed in Scripture. For believers, it is a call to continually speak and live out the truths of the Bible.

meditate on it day and night
The instruction to "meditate on it day and night" highlights the practice of deep, reflective contemplation of God's Word. The Hebrew word for "meditate" is "hagah," which can mean to murmur, ponder, or muse. This suggests an active engagement with Scripture, allowing it to permeate one's thoughts and actions. Historically, meditation was a key aspect of Jewish spiritual practice, and for Christians, it remains a vital discipline for spiritual growth and transformation, encouraging believers to align their lives with God's will.

so that you may be careful to do
The phrase "so that you may be careful to do" underscores the connection between meditation and obedience. The Hebrew word for "careful" is "shamar," meaning to guard or keep. This implies a diligent and intentional effort to live according to God's commands. In the biblical context, obedience was a sign of faithfulness to the covenant. For Christians, it is a reminder that true understanding of Scripture leads to action, and that faith is demonstrated through obedience to God's Word.

everything written in it
"Everything written in it" refers to the comprehensive nature of God's commands. The emphasis on "everything" indicates that no part of God's law is to be neglected or overlooked. Historically, the written word was a means of preserving divine revelation, and for believers, it signifies the completeness and sufficiency of Scripture. This calls Christians to a holistic approach to the Bible, recognizing its authority in all areas of life and striving to live in accordance with its teachings.

For then you will prosper
The promise "For then you will prosper" connects obedience to God's Word with success. The Hebrew word for "prosper" is "tsalach," which can mean to advance or succeed. In the biblical context, prosperity was often seen as a sign of God's blessing and favor. For Christians, this is not merely a promise of material success but a deeper assurance of spiritual well-being and fulfillment that comes from living in alignment with God's purposes.

and succeed in all you do
The phrase "and succeed in all you do" reinforces the idea of comprehensive success tied to faithfulness to God's Word. The Hebrew word for "succeed" is "sakal," which implies insight and wisdom. This suggests that true success is not just about external achievements but involves living wisely and discerningly according to God's principles. For believers, it is an encouragement that a life grounded in Scripture leads to true fulfillment and purpose, as God guides and blesses their endeavors.

Have I not commanded you?
This phrase serves as a divine reminder of the authority and direct command from God. The Hebrew root for "commanded" is "tsavah," which implies a charge or commission. This is not merely a suggestion but a divine mandate. Historically, this reflects the covenant relationship between God and Israel, where God’s commands are to be followed with utmost seriousness. It underscores the personal nature of God’s communication with Joshua, reminding him of the divine authority backing his leadership.

Be strong and courageous
The Hebrew words "chazaq" (strong) and "amats" (courageous) are often paired in the Old Testament to denote not just physical strength but also mental and spiritual fortitude. This exhortation is crucial as Joshua is about to lead the Israelites into the Promised Land, a task requiring immense bravery and reliance on God. The repetition of this command throughout the chapter emphasizes its importance and the need for Joshua to trust in God’s power rather than his own.

Do not be afraid; do not be discouraged
Fear and discouragement are natural human responses to daunting tasks, but God’s command here is to reject these emotions. The Hebrew word for "afraid" is "yare," which can also mean to stand in awe or reverence, but in this context, it refers to fear that paralyzes action. "Discouraged" comes from the Hebrew "chathath," meaning to be shattered or dismayed. God is instructing Joshua to maintain his resolve and confidence, knowing that God’s presence is with him.

For the LORD your God is with you
This phrase is the cornerstone of the promise, providing the reason why Joshua can be strong and courageous. The name "LORD" (YHWH) is the covenant name of God, emphasizing His eternal presence and faithfulness. The assurance of God’s presence is a recurring theme in Scripture, providing comfort and strength to His people. This divine companionship is not conditional but a steadfast promise that empowers Joshua to fulfill his mission.

wherever you go
The promise of God’s presence is not limited by geography or circumstance. The Hebrew word "halak" (go) implies a journey or walk, suggesting that God’s presence accompanies Joshua in every step of his leadership journey. This assurance is vital as Joshua leads the Israelites into unknown territories, facing numerous challenges. It is a reminder that God’s guidance and support are constant, providing a foundation of peace and confidence in the face of uncertainty.

Then
The word "then" serves as a transitional term, indicating a sequence of events. In the context of Joshua 1, it follows God's commissioning of Joshua as the leader of Israel after Moses' death. This transition marks a pivotal moment in Israel's history, as they prepare to enter the Promised Land. The Hebrew word for "then" is "וַיְהִי" (vayehi), often used to denote a continuation of a narrative, emphasizing the immediacy and urgency of Joshua's actions following God's instructions.

Joshua
Joshua, whose name in Hebrew is "יְהוֹשֻׁעַ" (Yehoshua), meaning "The LORD is salvation," is a central figure in this narrative. As Moses' successor, Joshua embodies the fulfillment of God's promises to Israel. His leadership is characterized by faithfulness and obedience, qualities that are essential for guiding the Israelites into the land God promised to their ancestors. Joshua's role is not only as a military leader but also as a spiritual guide, ensuring that the people remain faithful to God's covenant.

commanded
The Hebrew word for "commanded" is "צִוָּה" (tzivah), which implies a directive given with authority. Joshua's command is not merely a suggestion but an authoritative order that reflects his God-given leadership role. This command underscores the importance of obedience and order within the community as they prepare for the significant task of conquering the land. It also highlights the structure and organization necessary for the success of their mission.

the officers
The term "officers" in Hebrew is "שֹׁטְרִים" (shotrim), referring to officials or leaders within the Israelite community. These individuals were responsible for maintaining order and implementing the commands given by their leaders. In the context of ancient Israel, officers played a crucial role in communication and logistics, ensuring that the people were prepared and informed. Their involvement signifies the collaborative effort required to achieve the collective goal of entering the Promised Land.

of the people
This phrase emphasizes the communal aspect of the Israelites' journey. The Hebrew word for "people" is "עָם" (am), denoting a collective group bound by shared identity and purpose. The use of "the people" highlights the unity and solidarity among the Israelites as they follow Joshua's leadership. It also reflects the covenant relationship between God and Israel, where the people are called to act as one body in obedience to God's commands. This unity is essential for the successful conquest and settlement of the land.

Go through the camp
This phrase indicates a sense of urgency and preparation. The Hebrew root for "go" is "עָבַר" (avar), which means to pass over or through. This command is not just a physical movement but a spiritual and communal call to readiness. Historically, the Israelites were a nomadic people, and moving through the camp would have been a familiar action, signifying a transition from one phase of their journey to another. Spiritually, it represents the need for the community to be united and prepared for the task ahead.

and tell the people
The Hebrew word for "tell" is "צָוָה" (tsavah), which means to command or charge. This is not a mere suggestion but a directive from Joshua, who is now the leader of the Israelites after Moses. The act of telling or commanding underscores the importance of communication and leadership in fulfilling God's promises. It reflects the hierarchical structure of the Israelite community, where leaders were responsible for conveying God's instructions to the people.

Prepare your provisions
The word "prepare" comes from the Hebrew "כּוּן" (kun), meaning to establish or make ready. This preparation is both physical and spiritual. The Israelites are instructed to gather their resources, which implies a level of self-sufficiency and responsibility. Historically, this preparation was crucial as they were about to enter the Promised Land, a land flowing with milk and honey, but also a land that required conquest and settlement.

for within three days
The phrase "within three days" is significant both numerically and symbolically. The number three often represents completeness or divine perfection in the Bible. This time frame indicates a period of waiting and anticipation, a common theme in Scripture where God often uses specific time periods to prepare His people for significant events. It also reflects the urgency and immediacy of God's plan for the Israelites.

you will cross the Jordan
The Jordan River is a significant geographical and spiritual boundary. The Hebrew word for "cross" is "עָבַר" (avar), the same root used earlier, emphasizing transition and movement. Crossing the Jordan symbolizes entering into a new phase of God's promise, leaving behind the wilderness wanderings and stepping into the fulfillment of the covenant. Historically, the Jordan River was a formidable barrier, and crossing it required faith and trust in God's provision.

to go in and take possession of the land
The phrase "take possession" comes from the Hebrew "יָרַשׁ" (yarash), meaning to inherit or occupy. This is not just a physical occupation but a divine inheritance promised to the descendants of Abraham. The land is a central theme in the Old Testament, representing God's faithfulness and the fulfillment of His promises. The act of taking possession is both a gift and a responsibility, requiring obedience and faithfulness from the Israelites.

that the LORD your God is giving you to possess
This final phrase emphasizes the divine origin of the gift. The land is not something the Israelites are taking by their own strength but is given by "the LORD your God." The use of "LORD" (YHWH) highlights the covenantal relationship between God and His people. The phrase "is giving" suggests an ongoing action, indicating that God's promises are both present and future. The Israelites are reminded that their success and inheritance are dependent on God's grace and faithfulness.

But to the Reubenites
The Reubenites were descendants of Reuben, the firstborn son of Jacob and Leah. Historically, Reuben lost his birthright due to an indiscretion (Genesis 35:22), which was a significant event in the tribal dynamics of Israel. Despite this, the Reubenites were still a recognized tribe with a distinct inheritance. Their settlement on the east side of the Jordan River was a strategic choice, as it provided fertile land for their livestock. This decision reflects the practical needs and desires of the tribe, as well as their willingness to support the larger community of Israel in their conquest of Canaan.

the Gadites
The Gadites, descendants of Gad, Jacob's seventh son, were known for their warrior spirit and bravery (1 Chronicles 12:8). Like the Reubenites, they chose to settle east of the Jordan River. This choice was made after they saw the land of Jazer and Gilead, which was suitable for their large herds. Their decision to settle here, while still committing to help their fellow Israelites in battle, demonstrates a balance between personal needs and communal responsibility. The Gadites' role in Israel's military campaigns highlights their dedication and strength.

and the half-tribe of Manasseh
Manasseh was the firstborn son of Joseph, and his descendants were divided into two groups, with one half settling east of the Jordan. This division is significant as it reflects the fulfillment of Jacob's blessing over Joseph's sons, Ephraim and Manasseh, where both were given a portion among the tribes of Israel (Genesis 48:5). The half-tribe of Manasseh's settlement on the east side of the Jordan was a testament to their size and strength, as they were able to occupy a large territory. Their presence on both sides of the Jordan River symbolizes a bridge between the eastern and western tribes, emphasizing unity and shared purpose.

Joshua said
Joshua, the appointed leader after Moses, was tasked with leading the Israelites into the Promised Land. His role was not only as a military leader but also as a spiritual guide, ensuring that the people remained faithful to God's commands. In addressing the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh, Joshua was reminding them of their commitment to assist their fellow Israelites in conquering the land west of the Jordan. This moment underscores Joshua's leadership qualities, his ability to communicate God's will, and his dedication to ensuring that all tribes worked together for the common good. His words were a call to unity, faithfulness, and action, setting the stage for the fulfillment of God's promises to Israel.

Remember
The Hebrew word for "remember" is "זָכַר" (zakar), which implies more than just recalling information; it suggests an active, intentional act of bringing something to mind with the purpose of acting upon it. In the context of Joshua 1:13, this is a call to mindfulness and obedience. The Israelites are urged to keep God's promises and commands at the forefront of their thoughts, ensuring that their actions align with His will. This serves as a reminder of the covenant relationship between God and His people, emphasizing the importance of faithfulness and trust in His promises.

the word
The term "word" here is derived from the Hebrew "דָּבָר" (dabar), which can mean a spoken word, command, or promise. In this context, it refers to the specific promise given by God through Moses. The "word" is not just a casual statement but a divine decree that carries authority and power. It underscores the reliability and unchanging nature of God's promises, encouraging the Israelites to trust in His faithfulness.

that Moses the servant of the LORD
Moses is referred to as "the servant of the LORD," highlighting his role as a faithful leader and mediator between God and the Israelites. The Hebrew word for "servant" is "עֶבֶד" (eved), which denotes one who is in service to another, often with a sense of humility and dedication. Moses' leadership and obedience to God set a precedent for Joshua and the Israelites, reminding them of the importance of serving God with loyalty and integrity.

commanded you
The word "commanded" comes from the Hebrew "צָוָה" (tsavah), which means to give an order or directive. This emphasizes the authoritative nature of Moses' instructions, which were not merely suggestions but commands that required obedience. The Israelites are reminded of their responsibility to follow these commands as part of their covenant relationship with God, ensuring that they live according to His will.

The LORD your God
This phrase underscores the personal relationship between God and the Israelites. "LORD" is the translation of "YHWH," the sacred and personal name of God, while "your God" emphasizes His covenantal relationship with His people. This dual reference highlights both God's transcendence and His immanence, reminding the Israelites of His sovereignty and His intimate involvement in their lives.

will give you rest
The promise of "rest" is significant, as it refers to the Hebrew word "מְנוּחָה" (menuchah), which implies peace, security, and stability. This rest is not merely physical but also spiritual, symbolizing the fulfillment of God's promises and the establishment of His people in the Promised Land. It points to a future hope and assurance that God will provide for and protect His people, granting them a place of peace and prosperity.

and will give you this land
The phrase "this land" refers to the Promised Land, a central theme in the narrative of the Israelites. The land is a tangible representation of God's promise and faithfulness, a place where His people can dwell and thrive under His blessing. The assurance that God "will give" this land emphasizes His sovereignty and the certainty of His promises, encouraging the Israelites to trust in His provision and plan for their future.

Your wives, your young children, and your livestock
This phrase highlights the familial and economic stability of the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh. In the Hebrew context, the family unit was central to societal structure, and livestock represented wealth and sustenance. The mention of "wives" and "young children" underscores the importance of protecting and providing for one's family, a principle deeply rooted in the Torah. The allowance for them to "remain" signifies a temporary settlement, emphasizing the trust in God's promise to eventually settle all tribes in the Promised Land.

may remain in the land that Moses gave you
The "land that Moses gave you" refers to the territories east of the Jordan River, which were allotted to these tribes as recorded in Numbers 32. This allocation was a fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham regarding the land, and Moses acted as God's instrument in this distribution. The phrase "may remain" suggests a temporary permission, indicating that their ultimate inheritance was still to be fully realized across the Jordan, in the land of Canaan.

on this side of the Jordan
This geographical reference distinguishes the land east of the Jordan River from the Promised Land west of the Jordan. Historically, the Jordan River was a significant boundary, symbolizing a transition from the wilderness wanderings to the fulfillment of God's promises. The phrase also serves as a reminder of the journey and the faith required to cross into the land God had promised.

But all your mighty men of valor, armed for battle
The "mighty men of valor" refers to the warriors of these tribes, emphasizing their strength and readiness for combat. The Hebrew term for "valor" (חַיִל, chayil) conveys not only physical strength but also moral courage and integrity. These men were to be "armed for battle," indicating their preparedness and commitment to the collective mission of conquering the Promised Land. This reflects the biblical principle of unity and mutual support among God's people.

must cross over ahead of your brothers and help them
The command to "cross over ahead of your brothers" signifies leadership and responsibility. These tribes were to lead the charge, setting an example of faith and courage. The phrase "help them" underscores the biblical theme of community and cooperation. It reflects the covenantal relationship among the tribes of Israel, where each tribe's success was intertwined with the others. This call to action is a reminder of the Christian duty to support and uplift one another in the spiritual journey.

until the LORD gives them rest
This phrase speaks to the divine promise of rest, a recurring theme throughout the Scriptures. The Hebrew word for "rest" is "נ֫וּחַ" (nuach), which implies a cessation from labor and a state of peace and security. In the context of Joshua, this rest is both physical, as in the conquest and settlement of the Promised Land, and spiritual, as it foreshadows the ultimate rest found in Christ. Historically, this rest was a fulfillment of God's covenant with Abraham, promising his descendants a land of their own. Spiritually, it points to the rest believers find in Jesus, as described in Hebrews 4:9-10, where the ultimate rest is found in faith and trust in God's completed work.

as He has given you
This phrase emphasizes the faithfulness of God in fulfilling His promises. The past tense "has given" indicates that God’s promises are as good as fulfilled, even if the physical manifestation is yet to be seen. This reflects the Hebrew understanding of God's promises as certain and reliable. Theologically, it underscores the concept of divine grace, where God’s gifts are not earned but given freely. Historically, it reminds the Israelites of their recent victories east of the Jordan, reinforcing their trust in God's continued provision.

and they too will possess the land
The word "possess" comes from the Hebrew "יָרַשׁ" (yarash), meaning to inherit or take possession. This is not merely about occupying land but involves a deeper, covenantal relationship with God, where the land is a divine inheritance. Theologically, it signifies the believer's inheritance in Christ, as Paul writes in Ephesians 1:11 about obtaining an inheritance through Him. Historically, this possession was a tangible sign of God's promise to the patriarchs being fulfilled, a testament to His faithfulness across generations.

that the LORD your God is giving them
This phrase highlights the active role of God in the process of giving. The present participle "is giving" suggests an ongoing action, indicating that God’s provision is continuous and dynamic. Theologically, it reflects the doctrine of providence, where God is actively involved in the world, guiding and sustaining His people. Historically, it reassures the Israelites that their success in possessing the land is not by their might but by God’s sovereign will and power.

Then you may return
The word "return" in Hebrew is "שׁוּב" (shuv), which means to turn back or restore. This implies a restoration to a previous state or place, in this case, the land east of the Jordan. Theologically, it can be seen as a metaphor for repentance, where one turns back to God. Historically, it speaks to the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh, who were to return to their allotted lands after helping their brethren secure the Promised Land west of the Jordan.

and occupy your own land
The term "occupy" is related to the Hebrew "יָשַׁב" (yashab), meaning to dwell or settle. This is more than just living in a place; it implies establishing a home and community. Theologically, it speaks to the believer's call to dwell in the presence of God, finding their home in Him. Historically, it refers to the fulfillment of the promise to the tribes who had chosen their inheritance east of the Jordan, emphasizing the importance of community and shared responsibility in God’s plan.

which Moses the servant of the LORD gave you
This phrase acknowledges Moses' role as a faithful servant and leader. The title "servant of the LORD" is a mark of honor, indicating Moses' unique relationship with God. Theologically, it points to the concept of servant leadership, where true leaders serve God and His people. Historically, it reminds the Israelites of the continuity of God’s promises from Moses to Joshua, reinforcing the legitimacy of Joshua’s leadership and the divine mandate behind their mission.

They answered
This phrase indicates a collective response from the people to Joshua. The Hebrew root for "answered" is "עָנָה" (anah), which often implies a thoughtful or considered reply. This reflects the unity and readiness of the Israelites to follow Joshua's leadership, a crucial moment as they prepare to enter the Promised Land. Historically, this response signifies a pivotal transition from the leadership of Moses to Joshua, underscoring the continuity of God's covenant with Israel.

Joshua
Joshua, whose name in Hebrew is "יְהוֹשֻׁעַ" (Yehoshua), meaning "Yahweh is salvation," is a central figure in this narrative. His leadership is divinely appointed, succeeding Moses. Joshua's role is not just as a military leader but as a spiritual guide, tasked with leading the Israelites into the fulfillment of God's promises. This moment marks the beginning of his leadership journey, emphasizing trust in God's guidance.

All that you have commanded us
This phrase reflects the people's commitment to obedience. The Hebrew word for "commanded" is "צִוָּה" (tsavah), which implies a directive given with authority. The Israelites' willingness to follow Joshua's commands is crucial for their success in conquering the land. It highlights the importance of obedience to God's appointed leaders and the collective responsibility of the community to adhere to divine instructions.

we will do
The phrase signifies a pledge of action and commitment. The Hebrew verb "עָשָׂה" (asah) means to do or to make, indicating a proactive stance. This commitment is essential for the Israelites as they face the challenges ahead. It underscores the necessity of faith in action, where belief is demonstrated through deeds, aligning with the broader biblical theme of faithfulness and works.

and wherever you send us
This part of the verse shows the people's readiness to follow Joshua's guidance without reservation. The Hebrew word for "send" is "שָׁלַח" (shalach), which conveys the idea of being dispatched with purpose. This willingness to go wherever Joshua directs them reflects a deep trust in his leadership and, by extension, in God's plan. It is a testament to their faith and the unity required to achieve their divine mission.

we will go
The phrase concludes the verse with a strong affirmation of commitment. The Hebrew verb "הָלַךְ" (halak) means to walk or to go, symbolizing movement and progress. This readiness to move forward is crucial for the Israelites as they stand on the brink of entering the Promised Land. It highlights the theme of journey and pilgrimage, central to the biblical narrative, where faith is a journey of trust and obedience to God's leading.

Just as we obeyed Moses in all things, so we will obey you
Just as
This phrase indicates a comparison or equivalence, suggesting continuity and consistency in behavior or action. In the context of Joshua 1:17, it reflects the Israelites' commitment to maintain the same level of obedience to Joshua as they did to Moses. Historically, this is significant because it underscores the seamless transition of leadership from Moses to Joshua, a critical moment for the Israelites as they prepare to enter the Promised Land. The phrase implies trust and confidence in Joshua's leadership, as well as a recognition of the divine authority that has been passed on to him.

we obeyed
The Hebrew root for "obeyed" is "שָׁמַע" (shama), which means to hear, listen, or obey. This word conveys not just passive hearing but active listening and compliance. In the biblical context, obedience is a central theme, reflecting the covenant relationship between God and His people. The Israelites' obedience to Moses was a demonstration of their faithfulness to God's commands, and their pledge to obey Joshua signifies their continued commitment to follow God's guidance through His appointed leader.

Moses
Moses is one of the most significant figures in the Bible, serving as the leader who brought the Israelites out of Egypt and received the Law from God. His leadership is characterized by his close relationship with God, his role as a prophet, and his intercessory work on behalf of the people. The mention of Moses here serves as a reminder of the divine authority and leadership that Joshua is inheriting. It also highlights the importance of continuity in leadership and the need for the Israelites to remain faithful to God's chosen leader.

in all things
This phrase emphasizes the totality and completeness of the Israelites' obedience to Moses. It suggests that their obedience was not selective or partial but comprehensive. In a spiritual sense, this reflects the ideal of wholehearted devotion and submission to God's will. For the Israelites, obeying "in all things" was crucial for maintaining their covenant relationship with God and ensuring His blessings and protection as they journeyed to the Promised Land.

so we will obey you
This is a declaration of loyalty and commitment to Joshua as the new leader. The Israelites' promise to obey Joshua as they did Moses is significant because it acknowledges Joshua's divine appointment and the continuity of God's plan for His people. It also reflects the trust and respect that Joshua had earned among the Israelites, as well as their recognition of the importance of unity and obedience in achieving their God-given mission. This pledge of obedience is not just to Joshua as a person but to the God who appointed him, underscoring the spiritual dimension of their commitment.

Anyone who rebels against your command
This phrase underscores the seriousness of obedience to leadership, particularly in the context of the Israelites entering the Promised Land. The Hebrew root for "rebels" is "מָרָה" (marah), which conveys a sense of bitterness or defiance. Historically, rebellion against divinely appointed leadership was seen as rebellion against God Himself, as leaders like Joshua were considered God's representatives. This reflects the covenantal relationship where obedience was crucial for communal blessing and success.

and does not obey your words
The emphasis on obedience highlights the importance of following divine instructions. The Hebrew word for "obey" is "שָׁמַע" (shama), meaning to hear or listen with the intent to act. In the ancient Near Eastern context, words carried authority and power, especially when spoken by a leader like Joshua, who was appointed by God. This phrase reinforces the idea that true hearing involves action, aligning with the biblical principle that faith without works is dead (James 2:26).

all that you command him
This phrase indicates the comprehensive nature of the obedience required. The Hebrew word for "command" is "צָוָה" (tsavah), which implies a directive given with authority. In the biblical narrative, commands from God or His appointed leaders were not suggestions but mandates that required full compliance. This reflects the theocratic nature of Israel's society, where divine law governed all aspects of life.

shall be put to death
The severity of the consequence for disobedience underscores the gravity of maintaining order and holiness within the community. The Hebrew phrase "מוֹת יוּמָת" (mot yumat) is a legal term indicating capital punishment. In the historical context, such measures were seen as necessary to preserve the sanctity and unity of the people as they fulfilled God's promise to inhabit the land. This reflects the biblical principle that sin leads to death, both physically and spiritually.

Only be strong and courageous
This exhortation is a recurring theme in the book of Joshua, emphasizing the need for inner strength and bravery in the face of daunting challenges. The Hebrew words "חָזַק" (chazaq) for "strong" and "אָמַץ" (amats) for "courageous" convey a sense of firmness and resolute determination. In the scriptural context, these qualities are not merely human attributes but are rooted in faith and trust in God's promises and presence. This encouragement serves as a reminder that divine support empowers believers to overcome obstacles and fulfill their God-given missions.