Strong's Lexicon pentheó: To mourn, to lament, to grieve Original Word: πενθέω Word Origin: Derived from πένθος (penthos), meaning "mourning" or "grief." Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: - H56 אָבַל (abal) - to mourn, lament - H5594 סָפַד (saphad) - to wail, lament Usage: The verb "pentheó" is used in the New Testament to describe the act of mourning or expressing deep sorrow. It often conveys a profound emotional response to loss, sin, or repentance. The term can refer to both personal grief and communal lamentation. Cultural and Historical Background: In the ancient Jewish and Greco-Roman cultures, mourning was a significant social and religious practice. It involved various expressions of grief, such as weeping, wearing sackcloth, fasting, and other outward signs of sorrow. Mourning was not only a personal experience but also a communal one, often observed in response to death, national calamity, or sin. The act of mourning was seen as a way to honor the deceased, express repentance, or seek divine intervention. HELPS Word-studies 3996 penthéō – properly, grieve over a death; (figuratively) to grieve over a personal hope (relationship) that dies, i.e. comes to divine closure ("ends"). 3996 /penthéō ("mourn over a death") refers to "manifested grief" (WS, 360) – so severe it takes possession of a person and cannot be hid. (This is the same meaning of 3996 /penthéō throughout antiquity, cf. LS, R. Trench, Synonyms.) NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom penthos Definition to mourn, lament NASB Translation mourn (6), mourned (1), mourning (3). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 3996: πενθέωπενθέω, πένθω; future πενθήσω; 1 aorist ἐπένθησα (πένθος); from Homer down; the Sept. chiefly for אָבַל; to mourn; a. intransitive: Matthew 5:4 ( b. transitive, to mourn for, lament, one: 2 Corinthians 12:21 (cf. Winers Grammar, 635f (590); Buttmann, § 131, 4. Synonym: see θρηνέω, at the end.) From penthos; to grieve (the feeling or the act) -- mourn, (be-)wail. see GREEK penthos Englishman's Concordance Matthew 5:4 V-PPA-NMPGRK: μακάριοι οἱ πενθοῦντες ὅτι αὐτοὶ NAS: are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted. KJV: Blessed [are] they that mourn: for INT: Blessed they who mourn for they Matthew 9:15 V-PNA Mark 16:10 V-PPA-DMP Luke 6:25 V-FIA-2P 1 Corinthians 5:2 V-AIA-2P 2 Corinthians 12:21 V-FIA-1S James 4:9 V-AMA-2P Revelation 18:11 V-PIA-3P Revelation 18:15 V-PPA-NMP Revelation 18:19 V-PPA-NMP Strong's Greek 3996 |
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