Israel’s Rebellion
(Deuteronomy 1:26–33)

1Then the whole congregation lifted up their voices and cried out, and that night the people wept. 2All the Israelites (God prevails) grumbled against Moses (drawn out) and Aaron (light bringer), and the whole congregation said to them, “If only we had died in the land of Egypt (land of bondage), or if only we had died in this wilderness! 3Why is the LORD {YHWH} bringing us into this land to fall by the sword? Our wives and children will become plunder. Would it not be better for us to go back to Egypt (land of bondage)?”

4So they said to one another, “Let us appoint a leader and return to Egypt (land of bondage).”

5Then Moses (drawn out) and Aaron (light bringer) fell facedown before the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel (he wrestles with God).

6Joshua (YHWH saves) son of Nun (fish / posterity) and Caleb (dog) son of Jephunneh (He will be facing), who were among those who had spied out the land, tore their clothes 7and said to the whole congregation of Israel (he wrestles with God), “The land we passed through and explored is an exceedingly good land. 8If the LORD {YHWH} delights in us, He will bring us into this land, a land flowing with milk and honey, and He will give it to us. 9Only do not rebel against the LORD {YHWH}, and do not be afraid of the people of the land, for they will be like bread for us. Their protection has been removed, and the LORD is with us. Do not be afraid of them!”

10But the whole congregation threatened to stone Joshua and Caleb.

Then the glory of the LORD {YHWH} appeared to all the Israelites (God prevails) at the Tent of Meeting. 11And the LORD {YHWH} said to Moses (drawn out), “How long will this people treat Me with contempt? How long will they refuse to believe in Me, despite all the signs I have performed among them? 12I will strike them with a plague and destroy them—and I will make you into a nation greater and mightier than they are.”

Moses Intercedes for Israel

13But Moses (drawn out) said to the LORD {YHWH}, “The Egyptians (double straits) will hear of it, for by Your strength You brought this people from among them. 14And they will tell it to the inhabitants of this land. They have already heard that You, O LORD {YHWH}, are in the midst of this people, that You, O LORD, have been seen face to face, that Your cloud stands over them, and that You go before them in a pillar of cloud by day and a pillar of fire by night.

15If You kill this people as one man, the nations who have heard of Your fame will say, 16‘Because the LORD {YHWH} was unable to bring this people into the land He swore to give them, He has slaughtered them in the wilderness.’

17So now I pray, may the power of my Lord {Adonai} be magnified, just as You have declared: 18‘The LORD {YHWH} is slow to anger and abounding in loving devotion {chesed},a forgiving iniquity and transgression. Yet He will by no means leave the guilty unpunished; He will visit the iniquity of the fathers upon their children to the third and fourth generation.’

19Pardon, I pray, the iniquity of this people, in keeping with the greatness of Your loving devotion, just as You have forgiven them ever since they left Egypt (land of bondage).”

God’s Forgiveness and Judgment
(Deuteronomy 1:34–40)

20“I have pardoned them as you requested,” the LORD {YHWH} replied. 21“Yet as surely as I live and as surely as the whole earth is filled with the glory of the LORD {YHWH}, 22not one of the men who have seen My glory and the signs I performed in Egypt (land of bondage) and in the wilderness—yet have tested Me and disobeyed Me these ten times— 23not one will ever see the land that I swore to give their fathers. None of those who have treated Me with contempt will see it.

24But because My servant Caleb (dog) has a different spirit {ruach} and has followed Me wholeheartedly, I will bring him into the land he has entered, and his descendants will inherit it.

25Now since the Amalekites (dwellers in a valley) and Canaanites (merchants) are living in the valleys, turn back tomorrow and head for the wilderness along the route to the Red Sea (the Sea of Reeds).b”

26Then the LORD {YHWH} said to Moses (drawn out) and Aaron (light bringer), 27“How long will this wicked congregation grumble against Me? I have heard the complaints that the Israelites (God prevails) are making against Me. 28So tell them: As surely as I live, declares the LORD {YHWH}, I will do to you⁺ exactly as I heard you⁺ say. 29Your⁺ bodies will fall in this wilderness—all who were numbered in the census, everyone twenty years of age or older—because you⁺ have grumbled against Me.

30Surely none of you⁺ will enter the land in which I swore to settle you⁺, except Caleb (dog) son of Jephunneh (He will be facing) and Joshua (YHWH saves) son of Nun (fish / posterity). 31But I will bring your⁺ children, whom you⁺ said would become plunder, into the land you⁺ have rejected—and they will enjoy it. 32As for you⁺, however, your⁺ bodies will fall in this wilderness.

33Your⁺ children will be shepherds in the wilderness for forty years, and they will suffer for your⁺ unfaithfulness until the last of your⁺ bodies lies in the wilderness. 34In keeping with the forty days you⁺ spied out the land, you⁺ shall bear your⁺ guilt forty years—a year for each day—and you⁺ will experience My alienation.

35I, the LORD {YHWH}, have spoken, and I will surely do these things to this entire wicked congregation, which has conspired against Me. They will meet their end in the wilderness, and there they will die.”

The Plague on the Ten Spies

36So the men Moses (drawn out) had sent to spy out the land, who had returned and made the whole congregation grumble against him by bringing out a bad report about the land— 37those men who had brought out the bad report about the land—were struck down by a plague before the LORD {YHWH}. 38Of those men who had gone to spy out the land, only Joshua (YHWH saves) son of Nun (fish / posterity) and Caleb (dog) son of Jephunneh (He will be facing) remained alive.

39And when Moses (drawn out) relayed these words to all the Israelites (God prevails), the people mourned bitterly.

The Defeat at Hormah
(Deuteronomy 1:41–46)

40Early the next morning they got up and went up toward the ridge of the hill country. “We have indeed sinned,” they said, “but we will go to the place the LORD {YHWH} has promised.”

41But Moses (drawn out) said, “Why are you⁺ transgressing the commandment of the LORD {YHWH}? This will not succeed! 42Do not go up, lest you⁺ be struck down by your⁺ enemies, because the LORD {YHWH} is not among you⁺. 43For there the Amalekites (dwellers in a valley) and Canaanites (merchants) will face you⁺, and you⁺ will fall by the sword. Because you⁺ have turned away from the LORD {YHWH}, He will not be with you⁺.”

44But they dared to go up to the ridge of the hill country, though neither Moses (drawn out) nor the ark of the covenant of the LORD {YHWH} moved from the camp. 45Then the Amalekites (dwellers in a valley) and Canaanites (merchants) who lived in that part of the hill country came down, attacked them, and routed them all the way to Hormah (destruction).