1 Chronicles 18:15
New International Version
Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was recorder;

New Living Translation
Joab son of Zeruiah was commander of the army. Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the royal historian.

English Standard Version
And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the army; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;

Berean Standard Bible
Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder;

King James Bible
And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, recorder.

New King James Version
Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;

New American Standard Bible
Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the army, and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was secretary;

NASB 1995
Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the army, and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;

NASB 1977
And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the army, and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;

Legacy Standard Bible
Now Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the army, and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;

Amplified Bible
Joab the son of Zeruiah was in command of the army, and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was the recorder;

Christian Standard Bible
Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was court historian;

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was court historian;

American Standard Version
And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;

Contemporary English Version
Joab the son of Zeruiah was the commander in chief of the army. Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud kept the government records.

English Revised Version
And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Zeruiah's son Joab was in charge of the army. Ahilud's son Jehoshaphat was the royal historian.

Good News Translation
Abishai's brother Joab was commander of the army; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was in charge of the records;

International Standard Version
Zeruiah's son Joab served in charge of the army, Ahilud's son Jehoshaphat was his personal archivist,

Majority Standard Bible
Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder;

NET Bible
Joab son of Zeruiah was commanding general of the army; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was secretary;

New Heart English Bible
Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the army; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;

Webster's Bible Translation
And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, recorder;

World English Bible
Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and Joab son of Zeruiah [is] over the host, and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud [is] remembrancer,

Young's Literal Translation
and Joab son of Zeruiah is over the host, and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud is remembrancer,

Smith's Literal Translation
And Joab son of Zeruiah over the army; and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud, bringing to remembrance.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And Joab the son of Sarvia was over the army, and Josaphat the son of Ahilud recorder.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Now Joab, the son of Zeruiah, was over the army, and Jehoshaphat, the son of Ahilud, was the keeper of records.

New American Bible
Joab, son of Zeruiah, was in command of the army; Jehoshaphat, son of Ahilud, was chancellor;

New Revised Standard Version
Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was recorder;
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And Joab the son of Zuriah was over all the army; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder.And when the children of Ammon saw that the Arameans had fled, they likewise fled before Abishai his brother, and entered into the city. Then Joab returned to Jerusalem.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And Yuab, son of Tsuriya, was authorized over all the armies, and Yahushaphat son of Akhilud was the Governor.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And Joab the son of Saruia was over the army, and Josaphat the son of Achilud was recorder.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
David's Officers
14Thus David reigned over all Israel and administered justice and righteousness for all his people: 15Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder; 16Zadok son of Ahitub and Ahimelech son of Abiathar were priests; Shavsha was the scribe;…

Cross References
2 Samuel 8:15
Thus David reigned over all Israel and administered justice and righteousness for all his people:

1 Kings 4:3-6
Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, were secretaries; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder; / Benaiah son of Jehoiada was in charge of the army; Zadok and Abiathar were priests; / Azariah son of Nathan was in charge of the governors; Zabud son of Nathan was a priest and adviser to the king; ...

2 Samuel 20:23-26
Now Joab was over the whole army of Israel; Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and Pelethites; / Adoram was in charge of the forced labor; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder; / Sheva was the scribe; Zadok and Abiathar were priests; ...

1 Kings 9:22
But Solomon did not consign any of the Israelites to slavery, because they were his men of war, his servants, his officers, his captains, and the commanders of his chariots and cavalry.

2 Chronicles 8:9-10
But Solomon did not consign any of the Israelites to slave labor, because they were his men of war, the leaders of his captains, and the commanders of his chariots and cavalry. / They were also the chief officers for King Solomon: 250 supervisors.

2 Samuel 23:8-39
These are the names of David’s mighty men: Josheb-basshebeth the Tahchemonite was chief of the Three. He wielded his spear against eight hundred men, whom he killed at one time. / Next in command was Eleazar son of Dodo the Ahohite. As one of the three mighty men, he went with David to taunt the Philistines who had gathered for battle at Pas-dammim. The men of Israel retreated, / but Eleazar stood his ground and struck the Philistines until his hand grew weary and stuck to his sword. The LORD brought about a great victory that day. Then the troops returned to him, but only to plunder the dead. ...

1 Kings 2:35
And the king appointed Benaiah son of Jehoiada in Joab’s place over the army, and he appointed Zadok the priest in Abiathar’s place.

2 Chronicles 19:5-11
He appointed judges in the land, in each of the fortified cities of Judah. / Then he said to the judges, “Consider carefully what you do, for you are not judging for man, but for the LORD, who is with you when you render judgment. / And now, may the fear of the LORD be upon you. Be careful what you do, for with the LORD our God there is no injustice or partiality or bribery.” ...

2 Samuel 15:37
So David’s friend Hushai arrived in Jerusalem just as Absalom was entering the city.

1 Kings 1:8
But Zadok the priest, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, Nathan the prophet, Shimei, Rei, and David’s mighty men would not join Adonijah.

2 Chronicles 26:11-14
Uzziah had an army ready for battle that went out to war by assigned divisions, as recorded by Jeiel the scribe and Maaseiah the officer under the direction of Hananiah, one of the royal officers. / The total number of family leaders of the mighty men of valor was 2,600. / Under their authority was an army of 307,500 trained for war, a powerful force to support the king against his enemies. ...

Romans 13:1-4
Everyone must submit himself to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which is from God. The authorities that exist have been appointed by God. / Consequently, whoever resists authority is opposing what God has set in place, and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves. / For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Do you want to be unafraid of the one in authority? Then do what is right, and you will have his approval. ...

Matthew 20:25-28
But Jesus called them aside and said, “You know that the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and their superiors exercise authority over them. / It shall not be this way among you. Instead, whoever wants to become great among you must be your servant, / and whoever wants to be first among you must be your slave— ...

Luke 22:25-27
So Jesus declared, “The kings of the Gentiles lord it over them, and those in authority over them call themselves benefactors. / But you shall not be like them. Instead, the greatest among you should be like the youngest, and the one who leads like the one who serves. / For who is greater, the one who reclines at the table or the one who serves? Is it not the one who reclines? But I am among you as one who serves.

Acts 6:3
Therefore, brothers, select from among you seven men confirmed to be full of the Spirit and wisdom. We will assign this responsibility to them


Treasury of Scripture

And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, recorder.

Joab

1 Chronicles 11:6
And David said, Whosoever smiteth the Jebusites first shall be chief and captain. So Joab the son of Zeruiah went first up, and was chief.

2 Samuel 8:16
And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;

Jehoshaphat

1 Kings 4:3
Elihoreph and Ahiah, the sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, the recorder.

recorder.

Jump to Previous
Ahilud Ahi'lud Army Chief Chronicler Host Jehoshaphat Jehosh'aphat Joab Jo'ab Keeper Recorder Records Remembrancer Zeruiah Zeru'iah
Jump to Next
Ahilud Ahi'lud Army Chief Chronicler Host Jehoshaphat Jehosh'aphat Joab Jo'ab Keeper Recorder Records Remembrancer Zeruiah Zeru'iah
1 Chronicles 18
1. David subdues the Philistines and the Moabites
3. He smites Hadarezer and the Syrians
9. Tou sends Hadoram with presents to bless David
11. The presents and the spoil David dedicates to God
13. He put garrisons in Edom
14. David's officers














Thus David reigned
The phrase "Thus David reigned" signifies the culmination of David's consolidation of power and authority over Israel. The Hebrew root for "reigned" is מָלַךְ (malak), which means to rule or have dominion. This word is often used in the context of a king's sovereign rule, emphasizing David's God-ordained kingship. Historically, David's reign is marked by military victories and the unification of the tribes of Israel, establishing Jerusalem as the political and spiritual center. His reign is seen as a foreshadowing of the eternal reign of Christ, the Son of David, who will rule with perfect justice and righteousness.

over all Israel
The phrase "over all Israel" highlights the unity and completeness of David's rule. The Hebrew word for "all" is כָּל (kol), indicating totality and inclusiveness. This signifies that David's authority extended over the entire nation, uniting the northern and southern tribes. This unity under David's leadership is a significant theme in the biblical narrative, symbolizing the ideal of a united people under God's chosen king. It also prefigures the ultimate unity of God's people under the Messiah.

administering justice
"Administering justice" reflects David's role as a righteous judge and leader. The Hebrew word for "justice" is מִשְׁפָּט (mishpat), which encompasses judgment, law, and order. This term is deeply rooted in the covenantal relationship between God and Israel, where justice is a reflection of God's character. David's administration of justice is a key aspect of his kingship, demonstrating his commitment to God's law and his responsibility to uphold fairness and equity among the people. This serves as a model for godly leadership, emphasizing the importance of justice in governance.

and righteousness
The word "righteousness" is translated from the Hebrew צְדָקָה (tsedaqah), which conveys the idea of rightness, virtue, and moral integrity. In the biblical context, righteousness is closely linked to covenant faithfulness and ethical conduct. David's reign is characterized by his pursuit of righteousness, aligning his leadership with God's standards. This pursuit is not only a personal virtue but also a societal goal, as David seeks to establish a kingdom that reflects God's righteousness. This anticipates the perfect righteousness of Christ's kingdom, where justice and righteousness will prevail eternally.

for all his people
The phrase "for all his people" underscores the inclusivity and impartiality of David's rule. The Hebrew word for "people" is עַם (am), referring to the collective community of Israel. David's administration of justice and righteousness is not limited to a select few but is intended for the benefit of the entire nation. This reflects the biblical principle that leaders are to serve all people, ensuring that justice and righteousness are accessible to everyone. It also points to the universal scope of God's kingdom, where all nations will be blessed through the righteous rule of the Messiah.

(15) Recorder.--Literally, Remembrancer. LXX and Vulg. render the word "over, or writer of, memoranda." Syriac and Arabic of Samuel have "leader," "director;" here they render literally. (Comp. 2Samuel 8:16; 2Kings 18:18; 2Chronicles 34:8.)

Verse 15. - Recorder. The word is of the same root with that in 1 Chronicles 16:4, "to record." The exact duties and position of this officer are not stated in any one place, but may be gathered from 2 Samuel 8:16; 2 Samuel 20:24; 1 Kings 4:3; 2 Kings 18:18, 37; 2 Chronicles 34:8. From these notices, belonging to somewhat separate times, we may gather the dignity and responsibility and trust of the office which the recorder filled, altogether in excess of his duty as mere historical secretary.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Joab
וְיוֹאָ֥ב (wə·yō·w·’āḇ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3097: Joab -- 'the LORD is father', three Israelites

son
בֶּן־ (ben-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Zeruiah
צְרוּיָ֖ה (ṣə·rū·yāh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6870: Zeruiah -- an Israelite woman

was over
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

the army;
הַצָּבָ֑א (haṣ·ṣā·ḇā)
Article | Noun - common singular
Strong's 6635: A mass of persons, reg, organized for, war, a campaign

Jehoshaphat
וִיהוֹשָׁפָ֥ט (wî·hō·wō·šā·p̄āṭ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3092: Jehoshaphat -- 'the LORD has judged', the name of a number of Israelites

son
בֶּן־ (ben-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Ahilud
אֲחִיל֖וּד (’ă·ḥî·lūḏ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 286: Ahilud -- 'child's brother', two Israelites

[was] the historian;
מַזְכִּֽיר׃ (maz·kîr)
Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 2142: To mark, to remember, to mention, to be male


Links
1 Chronicles 18:15 NIV
1 Chronicles 18:15 NLT
1 Chronicles 18:15 ESV
1 Chronicles 18:15 NASB
1 Chronicles 18:15 KJV

1 Chronicles 18:15 BibleApps.com
1 Chronicles 18:15 Biblia Paralela
1 Chronicles 18:15 Chinese Bible
1 Chronicles 18:15 French Bible
1 Chronicles 18:15 Catholic Bible

OT History: 1 Chronicles 18:15 Joab the son of Zeruiah was over (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
1 Chronicles 18:14
Top of Page
Top of Page