The sons of Ham:
Ham is one of the three sons of Noah, and his descendants are traditionally associated with the regions of Africa and parts of the Near East. The genealogies in 1 Chronicles 1 and Genesis 10 are often referred to as the Table of Nations, which outlines the origins of various peoples after the Flood. Ham's lineage is significant in biblical history, as it includes nations that frequently interacted with Israel, often as adversaries.

Cush:
Cush is generally identified with the region south of Egypt, known today as Sudan and parts of Ethiopia. In biblical times, Cush was a powerful kingdom, and its people were known for their strength and stature. The prophet Isaiah mentions Cush in the context of God's judgment and salvation (Isaiah 18). Cush's descendants are also linked to Nimrod, a mighty hunter and ruler, who established some of the earliest cities in Mesopotamia (Genesis 10:8-12).

Mizraim:
Mizraim is the Hebrew name for Egypt, one of the most prominent civilizations in the ancient world. Egypt plays a crucial role throughout the Bible, from the story of Joseph and the Israelites' enslavement to the Exodus. The Egyptians were known for their advanced culture, monumental architecture, and complex religious beliefs. The relationship between Israel and Egypt is a recurring theme, with Egypt often serving as a place of refuge or a symbol of oppression.

Put:
Put is often associated with the region of Libya in North Africa. The exact location and identity of Put are less clear than other descendants of Ham, but it is mentioned in the context of military alliances and trade. Ezekiel 27:10 and 30:5 refer to Put as a source of mercenaries and soldiers, indicating its involvement in regional conflicts and its interactions with other nations.

Canaan:
Canaan is the most significant of Ham's descendants in the biblical narrative, as it refers to the land promised to Abraham and his descendants. The Canaanites were known for their diverse and often idolatrous religious practices, which the Israelites were commanded to avoid. The conquest of Canaan under Joshua marks a pivotal moment in Israel's history. The Canaanites' presence in the land and their eventual displacement is a recurring theme, symbolizing the struggle between faithfulness to God and the temptation of surrounding cultures.

1. Ham
One of Noah's three sons, Ham is traditionally considered the father of several nations. His descendants are often associated with regions in Africa and the Near East.

2. Cush
Often identified with the region of Ethiopia or Nubia, Cush is considered the progenitor of the Cushite people, known for their significant role in biblical history.

3. Mizraim
Generally associated with Egypt, Mizraim is considered the ancestor of the Egyptians. The name itself is often used in the Hebrew Bible to refer to Egypt.

4. Put
Identified with regions in North Africa, possibly Libya. Put's descendants are less frequently mentioned but are considered part of the broader Hamitic lineage.

5. Canaan
Known as the ancestor of the Canaanites, who inhabited the land of Canaan, a region that holds significant biblical importance as the Promised Land for the Israelites.Understanding Lineage and Legacy
The genealogies in the Bible, such as those in 1 Chronicles, remind us of the importance of heritage and the impact of our ancestors on our identity and faith journey.

God's Sovereignty Over Nations
The descendants of Ham, spread across various regions, illustrate God's sovereignty in the establishment and movement of nations, fulfilling His purposes throughout history.

Unity in Diversity
Despite the diverse origins and roles of Ham's descendants, the biblical account ultimately points to the unity of all people under God's plan, culminating in the New Testament's message of salvation for all nations.

Historical Context and Spiritual Lessons
Understanding the historical context of these genealogies enriches our comprehension of biblical events and the spiritual lessons they convey, such as the consequences of sin and the promise of redemption.THE SONS OF HAM, THE DARK-SKINNED OR SWARTHY (1Chronicles 1:8-16).

(8) Cush.--The Greek Meroe, Assyrian Miluhha, or K-su, south of Egypt, in our Bibles often called Ethiopia (Isaiah 19:1). The Arabic gives Habesh, i.e., Ethiopia.

Mizraim.--The common Hebrew name of Egypt: strictly, "the two Micrs"--i.e., Upper and Lower Egypt. But the name should rather be spelt Mizrim--the Egyptians; the form Mizraim being probably a mere fancy of the Jewish punctuators. The Assyrians wrote Mucum, Mucru, Mucur. The Inscription of Darius has Micir. Macor was the name of the wall which protected Egypt on the north-east. Hence it gave its name to the whole of Lower Egypt.--Cush and Mucur are coupled together in the inscriptions of Esarhaddon and his son Assurbanipal.

Put.--Perhaps the Egyptian Punt, on the east coast of Africa. King Darius mentioned P-ta and K-su as subject to him (Behist, Inscr.). Comp. Nahum 3:9; Jeremiah 46:9; Ezekiel 30:5. The Arabic has Kibtu, i.e., Coptland. . . .

Verses 8-16. - C. LIST OF THE SONS, GRANDSONS, AND GREAT-GRANDSONS OF HAM. This list consists of four sons of Ham, of six grandsons, including Nimrod, through Cush, the eldest son of Ham; of seven grandsons through Mizraim, the second son of Ham; of eleven grandsons through Canaan, the fourth son of Ham; of two great-grandsons through Raamah, Cush's fourth son; - thirty descendants in all. No issue is given of Put, the third son of Hem. The parallel list is found in Genesis 10:6-20. The names agree in the Authorized Version, with minute differences, e.g. Put here for Phut there, and so the Philistines for Philistine, Caphthorim for Caphtorim, Girgashite for Girgasite. They are similarly in agreement in the Hebrew text of the two places, with minute differences, e.g. וְסַבְתָּא here for וְסַבְתָּה there; וְרַעְמָא for וְרַעְמָה for לוּדיִים וְרַעְמָה for צִידון לוּדיִים for הַעַרְקִי צִידֹן. However, in Genesis the following statements are added to Nimrod's name: - "He was a mighty hunter before the Lord: wherefore it is said, Even as Nimrod the mighty. hunter before the Lord. And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar. Out of that land went forth Asshur, and builded Nineveh, and the city Rehoboth, and Calah, and Resen between Nineveh and Calah; the same is a great city." And again, at the close of the enumeration of sons, grandsons, and great-grandsons, follow the statements, "And afterwards were the families of the Canaanites spread abroad. And the border of the Canaanites was from Sidon, as thou comsat to Gerar, unto Gaza; as thou goest, unto Sodom, and Gomorrah, and Admah, and Zeboim, even unto Lasha. These are the sons of Ham, after their families, after their tongues, in their countries, and in their nations."

Parallel Commentaries ...


The sons
בְּנֵ֖י (bə·nê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Ham:
חָ֑ם (ḥām)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 2526: Ham -- a son of Noah, also his descendants, also a name for Egyptians

Cush,
כּ֥וּשׁ (kūš)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3568: A son of Ham, also his descendants, also a land in the southern Nile Valley

Mizraim,
וּמִצְרַ֖יִם (ū·miṣ·ra·yim)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4714: Egypt -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their country in Northwest Africa

Put,
פּ֥וּט (pūṭ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6316: Put -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their land

and Canaan.
וּכְנָֽעַן׃ (ū·ḵə·nā·‘an)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3667: Canaan -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their land West of the Jordan


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 1:8 The sons of Ham: Cush and Mizraim (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)