1 Samuel 13:20
New International Version
So all Israel went down to the Philistines to have their plow points, mattocks, axes and sickles sharpened.

New Living Translation
So whenever the Israelites needed to sharpen their plowshares, picks, axes, or sickles, they had to take them to a Philistine blacksmith.

English Standard Version
But every one of the Israelites went down to the Philistines to sharpen his plowshare, his mattock, his axe, or his sickle,

Berean Standard Bible
Instead, all the Israelites would go down to the Philistines to sharpen their plowshares, mattocks, axes, and sickles.

King James Bible
But all the Israelites went down to the Philistines, to sharpen every man his share, and his coulter, and his axe, and his mattock.

New King James Version
But all the Israelites would go down to the Philistines to sharpen each man’s plowshare, his mattock, his ax, and his sickle;

New American Standard Bible
So all Israel went down to the Philistines, each to sharpen his plowshare, his mattock, his axe, and his hoe.

NASB 1995
So all Israel went down to the Philistines, each to sharpen his plowshare, his mattock, his axe, and his hoe.

NASB 1977
So all Israel went down to the Philistines, each to sharpen his plowshare, his mattock, his axe, and his hoe.

Legacy Standard Bible
So all Israel went down to the Philistines, each to sharpen his plowshare, his mattock, his axe, and his goad.

Amplified Bible
So all [the men of] Israel went down to the Philistines, each to get his plowshare, pick, axe, or sickle sharpened.

Christian Standard Bible
So all the Israelites went to the Philistines to sharpen their plows, mattocks, axes, and sickles.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
So all the Israelites went to the Philistines to sharpen their plows, mattocks, axes, and sickles.

American Standard Version
but all the Israelites went down to the Philistines, to sharpen every man his share, and his coulter, and his axe, and his mattock;

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And all Israel went down to the Philistines to sharpen, each man his sickle and his spike, and his ax and his goads

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And all Israel went down to the Land of the Philistines to forge every one his reaping-hook and his tool, and every one his axe and his sickle.

Douay-Rheims Bible
So all Israel went down to the Philistines, to sharpen every man his ploughshare, and his spade, and his axe, and his rake.

English Revised Version
but all the Israelites went down to the Philistines, to sharpen every man his share, and his coulter, and his axe, and his mattock;

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Everyone in Israel had to go to the Philistines to sharpen the blade of his plow, his mattock, ax, or sickle.

Good News Translation
The Israelites had to go to the Philistines to get their plows, hoes, axes, and sickles sharpened;

International Standard Version
Everyone in Israel would have to go to the Philistines so each person could sharpen his plow, his mattock, his axe, and his sickle.

JPS Tanakh 1917
but all the Israelites went down to the Philistines, to sharpen every man his plowshare, and his coulter, and his axe, and his mattock.

Literal Standard Version
and all Israel goes down to the Philistines, to each sharpen his plowshare, and his coulter, and his axe, and his mattock;

Majority Standard Bible
Instead, all the Israelites would go down to the Philistines to sharpen their plowshares, mattocks, axes, and sickles.

New American Bible
All Israel, therefore, had to go down to the Philistines to sharpen their plowshares, mattocks, axes, and sickles.

NET Bible
So all Israel had to go down to the Philistines in order to get their plowshares, cutting instruments, axes, and sickles sharpened.

New Revised Standard Version
so all the Israelites went down to the Philistines to sharpen their plowshares, mattocks, axes, or sickles;

New Heart English Bible
But all Israel would go down to the Philistines, each to sharpen his plowshare, mattock, axe, and sickle;

Webster's Bible Translation
But all the Israelites went down to the Philistines, to sharpen every man his share, and his colter, and his ax, and his mattock.

World English Bible
but all the Israelites went down to the Philistines, each man to sharpen his own plowshare, mattock, ax, and sickle.

Young's Literal Translation
and all Israel go down to the Philistines, to sharpen each his ploughshare, and his coulter, and his axe, and his mattock;

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Israel Without Weapons
19And no blacksmith could be found in all the land of Israel, because the Philistines had said, “The Hebrews must not be allowed to make swords or spears.” 20Instead, all the Israelites would go down to the Philistines to sharpen their plowshares, mattocks, axes, and sickles. 21The charge was a pim for sharpening a plowshare or mattock, a third of a shekel for sharpening a pitchfork or an axe, and a third of a shekel for repointing an oxgoad.…

Cross References
Deuteronomy 32:41
when I sharpen My flashing sword, and My hand grasps it in judgment, I will take vengeance on My adversaries and repay those who hate Me.

1 Samuel 13:19
And no blacksmith could be found in all the land of Israel, because the Philistines had said, "The Hebrews must not be allowed to make swords or spears."

1 Samuel 13:21
The charge was a pim for sharpening a plowshare or mattock, a third of a shekel for sharpening a pitchfork or an axe, and a third of a shekel for repointing an oxgoad.

2 Chronicles 34:6
Josiah did the same in the cities of Manasseh, Ephraim, and Simeon, as far as Naphtali, and in the ruins around them.


Treasury of Scripture

But all the Israelites went down to the Philistines, to sharpen every man his share, and his coulter, and his ax, and his mattock.

Jump to Previous
Ax Axe Axes Blades Hoe Hooks Israel Israelites Mattock Mattocks Philistines Ploughs Plowshares Share Sharpen Sharpened Sickle Sickles
Jump to Next
Ax Axe Axes Blades Hoe Hooks Israel Israelites Mattock Mattocks Philistines Ploughs Plowshares Share Sharpen Sharpened Sickle Sickles
1 Samuel 13
1. Saul's select band
3. He calls the Hebrews to Gilgal against the Philistines
5. The Philistines' great army
6. The distress of the Israelites
8. Saul, weary of staying for Samuel, sacrifices
11. Samuel reproves him
17. The three raiding parties of the Philistines
19. The policy of the Philistines, to allow no blacksmith in Israel














(20) To sharpen every man his share, and his coulter.--Porsenna, we read, in the time of the wars of the Republic, allowed the Romans iron implements for agriculture only. Coulter.--In Isaiah 2:4, Joel 3:10, this word is rendered "ploughshares "; so most of the older versions. We cannot now with any precision distinguish between these two implements of tillage.

And his mattock.--Jerome renders the Hebrew word here by "hoe" (sarculum). It was probably a kind of heavy hoe, used for turning up the ground.

Verse 20. - The Israelites went down to the Philistines. I.e. to their land. This could only have applied to the districts near the Philistines, unless we suppose that they set up forges also at their garrisons. To sharpen. The verb chiefly refers to such work as required an anvil and hammer. As regards the implements, not only do the versions disagree in their renderings, but the Septuagint has a very curious different reading, to the effect that at harvest time the Israelites had to pay the Philistines three shekels for repairing and whetting their tools. The share is more probably a sickle. The coulter is certainly a ploughshare, as rendered in Isaiah 2:4; Joel 3:10. Of the ax there is no doubt; and the mattock is a heavy hoe for turning up the ground, as spades for that purpose are scarcely anywhere used, except in our own country.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Instead, all
כָל־ (ḵāl)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

the Israelites
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (yiś·rā·’êl)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3478: Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc

would go down
וַיֵּרְד֥וּ (way·yê·rə·ḏū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 3381: To come or go down, descend

to the Philistines
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים (hap·pə·liš·tîm)
Article | Noun - proper - masculine plural
Strong's 6430: Philistines -- inhabitants of Philistia

to sharpen
לִ֠לְטוֹשׁ (lil·ṭō·wōš)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 3913: To hammer out, to sharpen

their plowshares,
מַחֲרַשְׁתּ֤וֹ (ma·ḥă·raš·tōw)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4282: Share

mattocks,
אֵתוֹ֙ (’ê·ṯōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 855: A hoe, other digging implement

axes,
קַרְדֻּמּ֔וֹ (qar·dum·mōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 7134: An axe

and sickles.
מַחֲרֵשָׁתֽוֹ׃ (ma·ḥă·rê·šā·ṯōw)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4281: A plowshare


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OT History: 1 Samuel 13:20 But all the Israelites went down (1Sa iSam 1 Sam i sa)
1 Samuel 13:19
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