Luke 22:20 Study Bible: Likewise, he took the cup after they had eaten, saying, "This cup is the New Covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you.

◄ Luke 22:20 ►

In the same way, after supper He took the cup, saying, "This cup is the new covenant in My blood, which is poured out for you.

Study Bible

In the same way, after supper
This phrase sets the scene for the institution of the Lord's Supper, a pivotal moment in Christian tradition. The Greek word for "supper" (δειπνέω, deipneō) refers to the main meal of the day, often a time of fellowship and sharing. Historically, this was the Passover meal, a significant Jewish tradition commemorating the Israelites' deliverance from Egypt. Jesus, by instituting the Lord's Supper after this meal, signifies a new covenant and deliverance through His sacrifice.

He took the cup
The act of taking the cup is rich in symbolism. In Jewish tradition, the cup during Passover was filled with wine, representing joy and celebration. Jesus' action here is deliberate, as He uses the cup to symbolize His blood, which would be poured out for the salvation of many. The Greek word for "cup" (ποτήριον, potērion) is often used metaphorically in Scripture to represent one's fate or destiny, further emphasizing the significance of Jesus' impending sacrifice.

saying, 'This cup is the new covenant
The phrase "new covenant" is foundational to Christian theology. The Greek word for "covenant" (διαθήκη, diathēkē) refers to a binding agreement or promise. In the Old Testament, covenants were central to God's relationship with His people, such as the covenant with Abraham or the Mosaic covenant. Here, Jesus declares a new covenant, prophesied in Jeremiah 31:31-34, where God promises to write His law on the hearts of His people. This new covenant is established through Jesus' sacrificial death and resurrection, offering forgiveness and eternal life.

in My blood
The mention of "My blood" is a profound declaration of the sacrificial nature of Jesus' mission. In Jewish sacrificial systems, blood was essential for atonement, as seen in Leviticus 17:11. The Greek word for "blood" (αἷμα, haima) signifies life and sacrifice. Jesus' blood, unlike the repeated animal sacrifices, is a once-for-all atonement for sin, fulfilling the requirements of the law and providing a means for reconciliation with God.

which is poured out for you
This phrase emphasizes the personal and communal aspect of Jesus' sacrifice. The Greek word for "poured out" (ἐκχέω, ekcheō) conveys the idea of a deliberate and generous offering. Jesus' blood is not taken from Him; it is willingly given, underscoring His role as the suffering servant prophesied in Isaiah 53. The phrase "for you" personalizes the sacrifice, reminding believers that Jesus' death was for each individual, offering redemption and a restored relationship with God.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jesus Christ
The central figure in this passage, Jesus is instituting the New Covenant through His impending sacrifice.

2. The Disciples
Present at the Last Supper, they are the initial recipients of Jesus' teaching about the New Covenant.

3. The Last Supper
The setting for this event, where Jesus shares a final meal with His disciples before His crucifixion.

4. The Cup
Symbolizes the New Covenant in Jesus' blood, representing His sacrificial death for the forgiveness of sins.

5. The New Covenant
A pivotal theological concept introduced by Jesus, signifying a new relationship between God and humanity through His sacrifice.

Teaching Points

Understanding the New Covenant
The New Covenant is a promise of grace and forgiveness through Jesus' sacrifice, replacing the Old Covenant of the Law.

The Significance of the Blood
Jesus' blood signifies the ultimate sacrifice, fulfilling the requirements of the Law and offering redemption.

Communion as Remembrance
The act of taking communion is a remembrance of Jesus' sacrifice and a proclamation of the New Covenant.

Living Under Grace
Believers are called to live under the grace of the New Covenant, embracing forgiveness and extending it to others.

The Call to Discipleship
As recipients of the New Covenant, Christians are called to follow Jesus' teachings and spread the message of salvation.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the concept of the New Covenant in Luke 22:20 change our understanding of our relationship with God?

2. In what ways does the symbolism of the cup and the blood deepen our appreciation for Jesus' sacrifice?

3. How can we apply the principles of the New Covenant in our daily lives, particularly in our interactions with others?

4. What are the similarities and differences between the Old Covenant and the New Covenant, and how do they impact our faith?

5. How does participating in communion help us to remember and live out the truths of the New Covenant?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Jeremiah 31:31-34
This Old Testament prophecy foretells the establishment of a New Covenant, which Jesus fulfills.

Hebrews 9:15
Discusses Jesus as the mediator of the New Covenant, emphasizing His role in redemption.

1 Corinthians 11:25
Paul reiterates the words of Jesus during the Last Supper, highlighting the importance of the New Covenant in Christian practice.

Exodus 24:8
Describes the Old Covenant established through the blood of sacrifices, contrasting with the New Covenant in Jesus' blood.

Sermons

The Last Passover of Our Lord	R.M. Edgar	Luke 22:1-23
Christ Wanting to be Remembered	R. Tuck, B. A.	Luke 22:14-20
Christ's Vicarious Death		Luke 22:14-20
Design of the Lord's Supper	National Baptist.	Luke 22:14-20
Remembering Jesus	H. J. Wilmot Buxton, M. A.	Luke 22:14-20
The Advantages of Remembering Christ	C. Bradley, M. A.	Luke 22:14-20
The Blood of the New Covenant	The Weekly Pulpit	Luke 22:14-20
The Cup of Reconciliation	Christian Age	Luke 22:14-20
The Cup of Sneering and of Communion	R. Ferguson, LL. D.	Luke 22:14-20
The Ends for Which the Holy Communion is Appointed	James Foote, M. A.	Luke 22:14-20
The Happiness of Attending the Communion	Anon.	Luke 22:14-20
The Holy Communion	C. J. Ridgeway, M. A.	Luke 22:14-20
The Holy Communion	J. Burns, D. D.	Luke 22:14-20
The Holy Feast	J. B. Owen, M. A.	Luke 22:14-20
The Last Passover -- Christ's Desire for It	J. Ker, D. D.	Luke 22:14-20
The Last Supper	D. C. Hughes, M. A.	Luke 22:14-20
The Lord's Supper	A. E. Dunning.	Luke 22:14-20
The Lord's Supper	Dean Vaughan.	Luke 22:14-20
The Lord's Supper	J. Baylee, D. D.	Luke 22:14-20
The Lord's Supper an Emblem and Memorial	C. Bradley, M. A.	Luke 22:14-20
The Memorial of Jesus	J. R. Leifchild, M. A.	Luke 22:14-20
The Ordained Memorial	C. H. Spurgeon.	Luke 22:14-20
The Sacrament Better than a Sermon	C. H. Spurgeon.	Luke 22:14-20
The Sacrament of Holy Communion	R. M. Willcox.	Luke 22:14-20
The Sacrament of Holy Communion	R. S. Brooke, M. A.	Luke 22:14-20
The Lord's Supper	W. Clarkson	Luke 22:19, 20

People

Jesus, John, Judas, Peter, Simon

Places

Gethsemane, Jerusalem

Topics

Behalf, Blood, Covenant, Cup, Eaten, Forth, Likewise, Manner, Meal, Poured, Ratified, Saying, Shed, Supped, Supper, Supping, Testament

Dictionary of Bible Themes

Luke 22:20

     1352   covenant, the new
     1443   revelation, OT
     2333   Christ, attitude to OT
     2366   Christ, prophecies concerning
     2530   Christ, death of
     4435   drinking
     4544   wine
     5445   potters and pottery
     5734   relationships
     7317   blood, of Christ
     7436   sacrifice, NT fulfilment

Luke 22:14-20

1680 types
7021 church, OT anticipations

Luke 22:14-22

4476 meals

Luke 22:15-20

7957 sacraments

Luke 22:16-20

7933 Lord's Supper

Luke 22:17-20

     1346   covenants, nature of
     4418   bread
     4438   eating
     6755   union with Christ, nature of
     8670   remembering

Luke 22:19-20

     1670   symbols
     4945   history
     8609   prayer, as praise and thanksgiving

Luke 22:20-22

6723 redemption, NT

Library

February 2 Morning
Oh that thou wouldest keep me from evil.--I CHR. 4:10. Why sleep ye? rise and pray, lest ye enter into temptation.--The spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak. Two things have I required of thee; deny me them not before I die: remove far from me vanity and lies: give me neither poverty nor riches, feed me with food convenient for me: lest I be full and deny thee, and say, Who is the Lord? or lest I be poor, and steal, and take the name of my God in vain. The Lord shall preserve thee from …
Anonymous—Daily Light on the Daily Path

July 28. "Not My Will, but Thine" (Luke xxii. 42).
"Not my will, but Thine" (Luke xxii. 42). He who once suffered in Gethsemane will be our strength and our victory, too. We may fear, we may also sink, but let us not be dismayed, and we shall yet praise Him, and look back from a finished course, and say, "Not one word hath failed of all that the Lord hath spoken." But in order to do this, we must, like Him, meet the conflict, not with a defiant, but with a submissive spirit. He had to say, "Not My will, but Thine be done"; but in saying it, He gained …
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

A Great Fall and a Great Recovery
'But I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not; and when thou art converted, strengthen thy brethren.' --Luke xxii. 32. Our Lord has just been speaking words of large and cordial praise of the steadfastness with which His friends had continued with Him in His temptations, and it is the very contrast between that continuance and the prevision of the cowardly desertion of the Apostle which occasioned the abrupt transition to this solemn appeal to him, which indicates how the forecast pained Christ's …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions Of Holy Scripture

The Cross the victory and Defeat of Darkness
'This is your hour, and the power of darkness.' --Luke xxii. 53. The darkness was the right time for so dark a deed. The surface meaning of these pathetic and far-reaching words of our Lord's in the garden to His captors is to point the correspondence between the season and the act. As He has just said, 'He had been daily with them in the Temple,' but in the blaze of the noontide they laid no hands upon Him. They found a congenial hour in the midnight. But the words go a great deal deeper than allusive …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions Of Holy Scripture

Christ's Look
'And the Lord turned and looked upon Peter.' --Luke xxii. 61. All four Evangelists tell the story of Peter's threefold denial and swift repentance, but we owe the knowledge of this look of Christ's to Luke only. The other Evangelists connect the sudden change in the denier with his hearing the cock crow only, but according to Luke there were two causes co-operating to bring about that sudden repentance, for, he says, 'Immediately, while he yet spake, the cock crew. And the Lord turned and looked …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions Of Holy Scripture

The Lonely Christ
'Ye are they which have continued with Me in My temptations'--LUKE xxii 28. We wonder at the disciples when we read of the unseemly strife for precedence which jars on the tender solemnities of the Last Supper. We think them strangely unsympathetic and selfish; and so they were. But do not let us be too hard on them, nor forget that there was a very natural reason for the close connection which is found in the gospels between our Lord's announcements of His sufferings and this eager dispute as to …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions Of Holy Scripture

Parting Promises and Warnings
'And there was also a strife among them, which of them should be accounted the greatest. 25. And He said unto them, The kings of the Gentiles exercise lordship over them; and they that exercise authority upon them are called benefactors. 26. But ye shall not be so: but he that is greatest among you, let him be as the younger; and he that is chief, as he that doth serve. 27. For whether is greater, he that sitteth at meat, or he that serveth? is not he that sitteth at meat? but I am among you as He …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions Of Holy Scripture

Christ's Ideal of a Monarch
'And He said unto them, The kings of the Gentiles exercise lordship over them; and they that exercise authority upon them are called benefactors. 26. But ye shall not be so: but he that is greatest among you, let him be as the younger; and he that is chief, as he that doth serve.'--LUKE xxii. 25-26. [Footnote: Preached on the occasion of the death of Queen Victoria.] There have been sovereigns of England whose death was a relief. There have been others who were mourned with a certain tepid and decorous …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions Of Holy Scripture

Gethsemane
'And He came out, and went, as He was wont, to the mount of Olives; and His disciples also followed Him. 40. And when He was at the place, He said unto them, Pray that ye enter not into temptation. 41. And He was withdrawn from them about a stone's cast, and kneeled down, and prayed, 42. Saying, Father, If Thou be willing, remove this cup from Me; nevertheless, not My will, but Thine, be done. 43. And there appeared an angel unto Him from heaven, strengthening Him. 44. And, being in an agony, He …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions Of Holy Scripture

In the High Priest's Palace
'Then took they Him, and led Him, and brought Him into the high priest's house. And Peter followed afar off. 55. And when they had kindled a fire in the midst of the hall, and were set down together, Peter sat down among them. 56. But a certain maid beheld him as he sat by the fire, and earnestly looked upon him, and said, This man was also with Him. 57. And he denied Him, saying, Woman, I know Him not. 58. And, after a little while, another saw him, and said, Thou art also of them. And Peter said, …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions Of Holy Scripture

The Lord's Supper
'Then came the day of unleavened bread, when the passover must be killed. 8. And He sent Peter and John, saying, Go and prepare us the passover, that we may eat. 9. And they said unto Him, Where wilt thou that we prepare? 10. And He said unto them, Behold, when ye are entered into the city, there shall a man meet you, bearing a pitcher of water; follow him into the house where he entereth in. 11. And ye shall say unto the goodman of the house, The Master saith unto thee, Where is the guestchamber, …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions Of Holy Scripture

The Duty of Constant Communion J. W.
"Do this in remembrance of me." Luke 22:19. It is no wonder that men who have no fear of God should never think of doing this. But it is strange that it should be neglected by any that do fear God, and desire to save their souls; And yet nothing is more common. One reason why many neglect it is, they are so much afraid of "eating and drinking unworthily," that they never think how much greater the danger is when they do not eat or drink it at all. That I may do what I can to bring these well-meaning …
John Wesley—Sermons on Several Occasions

Gethsemane
"And all the unknown joys he gives, Were bought with agonies unknown." Since it would not be possible for any believer, however experienced, to know for himself all that our Lord endured in the place of the olivepress, when he was crushed beneath the upper and the nether mill-stone of mental suffering and hellish malice, it is clearly far beyond the preacher's capacity to set it forth to you. Jesus himself must give you access to the wonders of Gethsemane: as for me, I can but invite you to enter …
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 9: 1863

The Betrayal
Without further preface, let us advance to the subject of our Lord's betrayal. First, concentrate your thoughts upon Jesus, the betrayed one; and when ye have lingered awhile there, solemnly gaze into the villanous countenance of Judas, the betrayer--he may prove a beacon to warn us against the sin which gendereth apostacy. I. LET US TARRY AWHILE, AND SEE OUR LORD UNGRATEFULLY AND DASTARDLY BETRAYED. It is appointed that he must die, but how shall he fall into the hands of his adversaries? Shall …
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 9: 1863

5Th Day. Restraining Grace.
"He is Faithful that Promised." "Satan hath desired to have you, that he may sift you as wheat; but I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not."--LUKE xxii. 31, 32. Restraining Grace. What a scene does this unfold! Satan tempting--Jesus praying! Satan sifting--Jesus pleading! "The strong man assailing"--"the stronger than the strong" beating him back! Believer? here is the past history and present secret of thy safety in the midst of temptation. An interceding Saviour was at thy side, saying …
John Ross Macduff—The Faithful Promiser

Peter's Repentance
"And the Lord turned, and looked upon Peter. And Peter remembered the word of the Lord, how he had said unto him, Before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice. And Peter went out, and wept bitterly" (Luke 22:61, 62). That was the turning-point in the history of Peter. Christ had said to him: "Thou canst not follow me now" (John 13:36). Peter was not in a fit state to follow Christ, because he had not been brought to an end of himself; he did not know himself, and he therefore could not follow …
Andrew Murray—Absolute Surrender

Carnal or Spiritual?
"And Peter went out and wept bitterly." -- Luke 22:62. These words indicate the turning point in the life of Peter, --a crisis. There is often a question about the life of holiness. Do you grow into it? Or do you come into it by a crisis suddenly? Peter has been growing for three years under the training of Christ, but he had grown terribly downward, for the end of his growing was, he denied Jesus. And then there came a crisis. After the crisis he was a changed man, and then he began to grow aright. …
Andrew Murray—The Deeper Christian Life

Penitence
"And the Lord turned, and looked upon Peter . . . .and Peter went out, and wept bitterly."--LUKE xxii. 61, 62. EVERY man at some time in his life has fallen. Many have fallen many times; few, few times. And the more a man knows his life and watches its critical flow from day to day, the larger seems to grow the number of these falls, and the oftener reaches out to God his penitential prayer, "Turn yet again, O Lord!" We have all shuddered before this as we read the tale of Peter's guilt. Many a time …
Henry Drummond—The Ideal Life

The Last Supper
189. On Thursday Jesus and his disciples returned to Jerusalem for the last time. Knowing the temper of the leaders, and the danger of arrest at any time, Jesus was particularly eager to eat the Passover with his disciples (Luke xxii. 15), and he sent two of them--Luke names them as Peter and John--to prepare for the supper. In a way which would give no information to such a one as Judas, he directed them carefully how to find the house where a friend would provide them the upper room that was needed …
Rush Rhees—The Life of Jesus of Nazareth

The Sinner Seriously Urged and Entreated to Accept of Salvation in this Way.
1. Since many who have been impressed with these things suffer the impression to wear off.--2. Strongly as the ease speaks for itself, sinners are to be entreated to accept this salvation.--3. Accordingly the reader is entreated--by the majesty and mercy of God.--4. By the dying love of our Lord Jesus Christ.--5. By the regard due to our fellow-creatures.--6. By the worth of his own immortal soul.--7. The matter is solemnly left with the reader, as before God. The sinner yielding to these entreaties, …
Philip Doddridge—The Rise and Progress of Religion in the Soul

Twenty-Sixth Lesson. I have Prayed for Thee;'
I have prayed for thee;' Or, Christ the Intercessor. But I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not.'--Luke xxii. 32. I say not unto you, that I will pray the Father for you.'--John xvi. 26. He ever liveth to make intercession.'--Heb. vii. 25. ALL growth in the spiritual life is connected with the clearer insight into what Jesus is to us. The more I realize that Christ must be all to me and in me, that all in Christ is indeed for me, the more I learn to live the real life of faith, which, …
Andrew Murray—With Christ in the School of Prayer

Otho, Bishop of Bamberg.
As a new Christian revival distinguished the close of the eleventh century, missionaries were then sent forth from the reinvigorated Church. We will sketch a portrait of one of these, to whom Pomerania owes its Christianity. It was Otho, bishop of Bamberg, who had already in his pastoral office distinguished himself by his fidelity and his self-sacrificing love. He gladly imposed abstinences on self, in order to be able to give more to the poor. All that was presented to him by princes and nobles …
Augustus Neander—Light in the Dark Places

General Introduction
In this volume we have sought to present the view taken by Thomas Aquinas of the moral and spiritual world in which we live, and of the conditions of man's self-realization which are consequent upon it. The final end of man lies in God, through whom alone he is and lives, and by whose help alone he can attain his end. The teaching of Aquinas concerning the moral and spiritual order stands in sharp contrast to all views, ancient or modern, which cannot do justice to the difference between the divine …
Aquinas—Nature and Grace

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