Exodus 21:24
New International Version
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

New Living Translation
an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, a hand for a hand, a foot for a foot,

English Standard Version
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Berean Standard Bible
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

King James Bible
Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

New King James Version
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

New American Standard Bible
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

NASB 1995
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

NASB 1977
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Legacy Standard Bible
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Amplified Bible
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Christian Standard Bible
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Holman Christian Standard Bible
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

American Standard Version
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Contemporary English Version
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

English Revised Version
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

GOD'S WORD® Translation
an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, a hand for a hand, a foot for a foot,

Good News Translation
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

International Standard Version
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Majority Standard Bible
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

NET Bible
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

New Heart English Bible
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Webster's Bible Translation
Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

World English Bible
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Young's Literal Translation
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Smith's Literal Translation
Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Catholic Public Domain Version
an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, a hand for a hand, a foot for a foot,

New American Bible
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

New Revised Standard Version
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
An eye in exchange for an eye, a tooth in exchange for a tooth, a hand in exchange of a hand, a foot in exchange for a foot.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Brenton Septuagint Translation
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Personal Injury Laws
23But if a serious injury results, then you must require a life for a life— 24eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, 25burn for burn, wound for wound, and stripe for stripe.…

Cross References
Leviticus 24:19-20
If anyone injures his neighbor, whatever he has done must be done to him: / fracture for fracture, eye for eye, tooth for tooth. Just as he injured the other person, the same must be inflicted on him.

Deuteronomy 19:21
You must show no pity: life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, and foot for foot.

Matthew 5:38-39
You have heard that it was said, ‘Eye for eye and tooth for tooth.’ / But I tell you not to resist an evil person. If someone slaps you on your right cheek, turn to him the other also;

Romans 12:17-19
Do not repay anyone evil for evil. Carefully consider what is right in the eyes of everybody. / If it is possible on your part, live at peace with everyone. / Do not avenge yourselves, beloved, but leave room for God’s wrath. For it is written: “Vengeance is Mine; I will repay, says the Lord.”

Proverbs 20:22
Do not say, “I will avenge this evil!” Wait on the LORD, and He will save you.

1 Peter 3:9
Do not repay evil with evil or insult with insult, but with blessing, because to this you were called so that you may inherit a blessing.

Matthew 7:12
In everything, then, do to others as you would have them do to you. For this is the essence of the Law and the Prophets.

Luke 6:29-31
If someone strikes you on one cheek, turn to him the other also. And if someone takes your cloak, do not withhold your tunic as well. / Give to everyone who asks you, and if anyone takes what is yours, do not demand it back. / Do to others as you would have them do to you.

Galatians 6:7
Do not be deceived: God is not to be mocked. Whatever a man sows, he will reap in return.

James 2:13
For judgment without mercy will be shown to anyone who has not been merciful. Mercy triumphs over judgment.

Isaiah 50:6
I offered My back to those who struck Me, and My cheeks to those who tore out My beard. I did not hide My face from scorn and spittle.

Proverbs 24:29
Do not say, “I will do to him as he has done to me; I will repay the man according to his work.”

1 Thessalonians 5:15
Make sure that no one repays evil for evil. Always pursue what is good for one another and for all people.

1 Corinthians 6:7
The very fact that you have lawsuits among you means that you are thoroughly defeated already. Why not rather be wronged? Why not rather be cheated?

Matthew 26:52
“Put your sword back in its place,” Jesus said to him. “For all who draw the sword will die by the sword.


Treasury of Scripture

Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Exodus 21:26,27
And if a man smite the eye of his servant, or the eye of his maid, that it perish; he shall let him go free for his eye's sake…

Leviticus 24:19,20
And if a man cause a blemish in his neighbour; as he hath done, so shall it be done to him; …

Deuteronomy 19:21
And thine eye shall not pity; but life shall go for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.

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Eye Foot Hand Tooth
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Eye Foot Hand Tooth
Exodus 21
1. Laws for men servants
5. For the servant whose ear is bored
7. For women servants
12. For manslaughter
16. For kidnappers
17. For cursers of parents
18. For smiters
22. For a hurt by chance
28. For an ox that gores
33. For him who is an occasion of harm














eye for eye
This phrase originates from the Hebrew "עַיִן תַּחַת עַיִן" (ayin tachat ayin). It is part of the lex talionis, or the law of retaliation, which is a principle of justice that ensures the punishment fits the crime. Historically, this was a revolutionary concept in ancient legal systems, which often allowed for excessive retribution. The principle here is not about promoting vengeance but about limiting it, ensuring that justice is proportional and fair. In a broader scriptural context, Jesus later references this law in Matthew 5:38-39, urging His followers to transcend the literal application of this law by practicing forgiveness and mercy.

tooth for tooth
The Hebrew "שֵׁן תַּחַת שֵׁן" (shen tachat shen) continues the theme of proportional justice. In ancient times, personal injury could lead to blood feuds and cycles of revenge. By instituting this law, God provided a legal framework to prevent such escalation. It underscores the value of each individual and the importance of justice in maintaining societal order. This phrase also invites reflection on the deeper spiritual principle of justice tempered with mercy, as seen throughout the Bible.

hand for hand
The phrase "יָד תַּחַת יָד" (yad tachat yad) emphasizes the importance of equitable retribution. In the ancient Near Eastern context, the hand was symbolic of power and action. This law served to protect individuals from disproportionate punishment and to uphold the dignity of every person. It reflects God's desire for a just society where actions have consequences, but those consequences are measured and fair.

foot for foot
The Hebrew "רֶגֶל תַּחַת רֶגֶל" (regel tachat regel) completes the series of examples illustrating the principle of lex talionis. The foot, representing movement and progress, signifies the broader implications of justice in community life. This law was intended to maintain balance and prevent the chaos that unchecked vengeance could bring. It points to a God who values justice and order, and who calls His people to reflect His character in their dealings with one another.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
eye
עַ֚יִן (‘a·yin)
Noun - common singular
Strong's 5869: An eye, a fountain

for
תַּ֣חַת (ta·ḥaṯ)
Preposition
Strong's 8478: The bottom, below, in lieu of

eye,
עַ֔יִן (‘a·yin)
Noun - common singular
Strong's 5869: An eye, a fountain

tooth
שֵׁ֖ן (šên)
Noun - common singular
Strong's 8127: A tooth, ivory, a cliff

for
תַּ֣חַת (ta·ḥaṯ)
Preposition
Strong's 8478: The bottom, below, in lieu of

tooth,
שֵׁ֑ן (šên)
Noun - common singular
Strong's 8127: A tooth, ivory, a cliff

hand
יָ֚ד (yāḏ)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 3027: A hand

for
תַּ֣חַת (ta·ḥaṯ)
Preposition
Strong's 8478: The bottom, below, in lieu of

hand,
יָ֔ד (yāḏ)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 3027: A hand

foot
רֶ֖גֶל (re·ḡel)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 7272: A foot, a step, the pudenda

for
תַּ֥חַת (ta·ḥaṯ)
Preposition
Strong's 8478: The bottom, below, in lieu of

foot,
רָֽגֶל׃ (rā·ḡel)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 7272: A foot, a step, the pudenda


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OT Law: Exodus 21:24 Eye for eye tooth for tooth hand (Exo. Ex)
Exodus 21:23
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