1 Samuel 4:9
New International Version
Be strong, Philistines! Be men, or you will be subject to the Hebrews, as they have been to you. Be men, and fight!”

New Living Translation
Fight as never before, Philistines! If you don’t, we will become the Hebrews’ slaves just as they have been ours! Stand up like men and fight!”

English Standard Version
Take courage, and be men, O Philistines, lest you become slaves to the Hebrews as they have been to you; be men and fight.”

Berean Standard Bible
Take courage and be men, O Philistines! Otherwise, you will serve the Hebrews just as they served you. Now be men and fight!”

King James Bible
Be strong, and quit yourselves like men, O ye Philistines, that ye be not servants unto the Hebrews, as they have been to you: quit yourselves like men, and fight.

New King James Version
Be strong and conduct yourselves like men, you Philistines, that you do not become servants of the Hebrews, as they have been to you. Conduct yourselves like men, and fight!”

New American Standard Bible
Take courage and be men, Philistines, or you will become slaves to the Hebrews, as they have been slaves to you; so be men and fight!”

NASB 1995
“Take courage and be men, O Philistines, or you will become slaves to the Hebrews, as they have been slaves to you; therefore, be men and fight.”

NASB 1977
“Take courage and be men, O Philistines, lest you become slaves to the Hebrews, as they have been slaves to you; therefore, be men and fight.”

Legacy Standard Bible
Be strong and become men, O Philistines, lest you become slaves to the Hebrews, as they have been slaves to you; therefore, become men and fight.”

Amplified Bible
Take courage, and be men, O Philistines, so that you do not become servants to the Hebrews, as they have been servants to you; act like men and fight!”

Christian Standard Bible
Show some courage and be men, Philistines! Otherwise, you’ll serve the Hebrews just as they served you. Now be men and fight! ”

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Show some courage and be men, Philistines! Otherwise, you’ll serve the Hebrews just as they served you. Now be men and fight!”

American Standard Version
Be strong, and quit yourselves like men, O ye Philistines, that ye be not servants unto the Hebrews, as they have been to you: quit yourselves like men, and fight.

Contemporary English Version
Philistines, be brave and fight hard! If you don't, those Hebrews will rule us, just as we've been ruling them. Fight and don't be afraid.

English Revised Version
Be strong, and quit yourselves like men, O ye Philistines, that ye be not servants unto the Hebrews, as they have been to you: quit yourselves like men, and fight.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Be strong, Philistines, and act like men, or else you will serve the Hebrews as they served you. Act like men and fight."

Good News Translation
Be brave, Philistines! Fight like men, or we will become slaves to the Hebrews, just as they were our slaves. So fight like men!"

International Standard Version
Philistines, be strong and be men, or you will become slaves to the Hebrews just as they have been slaves to you! Be men and fight!"

Majority Standard Bible
Take courage and be men, O Philistines! Otherwise, you will serve the Hebrews just as they served you. Now be men and fight!”

NET Bible
Be strong and act like men, you Philistines, or else you will wind up serving the Hebrews the way they have served you! Act like men and fight!"

New Heart English Bible
Be strong, and behave like men, O you Philistines, that you not be servants to the Hebrews, as they have been to you. Strengthen yourselves like men, and fight."

Webster's Bible Translation
Be strong, and acquit yourselves like men, O ye Philistines, that ye may not be servants to the Hebrews, as they have been to you: acquit yourselves like men, and fight.

World English Bible
Be strong and behave like men, O you Philistines, that you not be servants to the Hebrews, as they have been to you. Strengthen yourselves like men, and fight!”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Strengthen yourselves, and become men, O Philistines, lest you do service to Hebrews, as they have done to you—then you have become men, and have fought.”

Young's Literal Translation
Strengthen yourselves, and become men, O Philistines, lest ye do service to Hebrews, as they have done to you -- then ye have become men, and have fought.'

Smith's Literal Translation
Be strong, and be for men, Philisteim, lest ye shall serve to the Hebrews as they served to you: and be for men and fight.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Take courage and behave like men, ye Philistines: lest you come to be servants to the Hebrews, as they have served you: take courage and fight.

Catholic Public Domain Version
“Be strengthened, and be manly, O Philistines! Otherwise, you may serve the Hebrews, as they also have served you. Be strengthened and wage war!”

New American Bible
Take courage and act like soldiers, Philistines; otherwise you will become slaves to the Hebrews, as they were your slaves. Fight like soldiers!”

New Revised Standard Version
Take courage, and be men, O Philistines, in order not to become slaves to the Hebrews as they have been to you; be men and fight.”
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Be strong, and conduct yourselves like men, O Philistines, lest you become servants to the Hebrews, as they have served you; be strong and fight with them.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Be strengthened and be men, Philistines, lest you serve the Hebrews as they served you and be men and fight with them!”
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Be strong, and quit yourselves like men, O ye Philistines, that ye be not servants unto the Hebrews, as they have been to you; quit yourselves like men, and fight.'

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Strengthen yourselves and behave yourselves like men, O ye Philistines, that ye may not serve the Hebrews as they have served us, but be ye men and fight with them.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Philistines Capture the Ark
8Woe to us! Who will deliver us from the hand of these mighty gods? These are the gods who struck the Egyptians with all kinds of plagues in the wilderness. 9Take courage and be men, O Philistines! Otherwise, you will serve the Hebrews just as they served you. Now be men and fight!” 10So the Philistines fought, and Israel was defeated, and each man fled to his tent. The slaughter was very great—thirty thousand foot soldiers of Israel fell.…

Cross References
Joshua 1:6-9
Be strong and courageous, for you shall give these people the inheritance of the land that I swore to their fathers I would give them. / Above all, be strong and very courageous. Be careful to observe all the law that My servant Moses commanded you. Do not turn from it to the right or to the left, so that you may prosper wherever you go. / This Book of the Law must not depart from your mouth; meditate on it day and night, so that you may be careful to do everything written in it. For then you will prosper and succeed in all you do. ...

Judges 7:9-15
That night the LORD said to Gideon, “Get up and go down against the camp, for I have delivered it into your hand. / But if you are afraid to do so, then go down to the camp with your servant Purah / and listen to what they are saying. Then your hands will be strengthened to attack the camp.” So he went with Purah his servant to the outposts where armed men were guarding the camp. ...

2 Samuel 10:12
Be strong and let us fight bravely for our people and for the cities of our God. May the LORD do what is good in His sight.”

1 Chronicles 19:13
Be strong and let us fight bravely for our people and for the cities of our God. May the LORD do what is good in His sight.”

Deuteronomy 31:6-8
Be strong and courageous; do not be afraid or terrified of them, for it is the LORD your God who goes with you; He will never leave you nor forsake you.” / Then Moses called for Joshua and said to him in the presence of all Israel, “Be strong and courageous, for you will go with this people into the land that the LORD swore to their fathers to give them, and you shall give it to them as an inheritance. / The LORD Himself goes before you; He will be with you. He will never leave you nor forsake you. Do not be afraid or discouraged.”

Isaiah 41:6-7
Each one helps the other and says to his brother, “Be strong!” / The craftsman encourages the goldsmith, and he who wields the hammer cheers him who strikes the anvil, saying of the welding, “It is good.” He nails it down so it will not be toppled.

2 Chronicles 32:7-8
“Be strong and courageous! Do not be afraid or discouraged before the king of Assyria and the vast army with him, for there is a greater One with us than with him. / With him is only the arm of flesh, but with us is the LORD our God to help us and to fight our battles.” So the people were strengthened by the words of Hezekiah king of Judah.

Numbers 13:20
Is the soil fertile or unproductive? Are there trees in it or not? Be courageous and bring back some of the fruit of the land.” (It was the season for the first ripe grapes.)

2 Kings 5:1
Now Naaman, the commander of the army of the king of Aram, was a great man in his master’s sight and highly regarded, for through him the LORD had given victory to Aram. And he was a mighty man of valor, but he was a leper.

Psalm 27:14
Wait patiently for the LORD; be strong and courageous. Wait patiently for the LORD!

Ephesians 6:10-18
Finally, be strong in the Lord and in His mighty power. / Put on the full armor of God, so that you can make your stand against the devil’s schemes. / For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this world’s darkness, and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms. ...

1 Corinthians 16:13
Be on the alert. Stand firm in the faith. Be men of courage. Be strong.

Philippians 1:27-28
Nevertheless, conduct yourselves in a manner worthy of the gospel of Christ. Then, whether I come and see you or only hear about you in my absence, I will know that you stand firm in one spirit, contending together as one for the faith of the gospel, / without being frightened in any way by those who oppose you. This is a clear sign of their destruction but of your salvation, and it is from God.

2 Timothy 2:1-3
You therefore, my child, be strong in the grace that is in Christ Jesus. / And the things that you have heard me say among many witnesses, entrust these to faithful men who will be qualified to teach others as well. / Join me in suffering, like a good soldier of Christ Jesus.

Hebrews 12:12-13
Therefore strengthen your limp hands and weak knees. / Make straight paths for your feet, so that the lame may not be disabled, but rather healed.


Treasury of Scripture

Be strong and quit yourselves like men, O you Philistines, that you be not servants to the Hebrews, as they have been to you: quit yourselves like men, and fight.

Be strong

2 Samuel 10:12
Be of good courage, and let us play the men for our people, and for the cities of our God: and the LORD do that which seemeth him good.

1 Corinthians 16:13
Watch ye, stand fast in the faith, quit you like men, be strong.

Ephesians 6:10,11
Finally, my brethren, be strong in the Lord, and in the power of his might…

as they have

Deuteronomy 28:47,48
Because thou servedst not the LORD thy God with joyfulness, and with gladness of heart, for the abundance of all things; …

Judges 10:7
And the anger of the LORD was hot against Israel, and he sold them into the hands of the Philistines, and into the hands of the children of Ammon.

Judges 13:1
And the children of Israel did evil again in the sight of the LORD; and the LORD delivered them into the hand of the Philistines forty years.

quit yourselves like men.

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Acquit Behave Courage Hebrews Philistines Quit Servants Shew Slaves Strengthen Strong Subject Valiant Yourselves
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Acquit Behave Courage Hebrews Philistines Quit Servants Shew Slaves Strengthen Strong Subject Valiant Yourselves
1 Samuel 4
1. The Israelites are overcome by the Philistines at Ebenezer
3. They fetch the ark unto the terror of the Philistines
10. They are smitten again, the ark taken, and Hophni and Phinehas are slain
12. Eli at the news, falling backward, breaks his neck
19. Phinehas's wife, discouraged in her travail with Ichabod, dies














Take courage
The phrase "take courage" is a call to muster inner strength and resolve. In the Hebrew context, the word often translated as "courage" is "ḥāzaq," which means to be strong, to strengthen, or to prevail. This is a rallying cry for the Philistines to gather their fortitude in the face of impending battle. Historically, courage was not just a personal attribute but a communal necessity, especially in ancient warfare where morale could determine the outcome of a battle.

and be men
The exhortation to "be men" is a call to act with valor and bravery, qualities highly esteemed in ancient Near Eastern cultures. The Hebrew word "ʾîš" can mean man, husband, or warrior, emphasizing the role of men as protectors and fighters. This phrase underscores the societal expectation for men to exhibit strength and leadership, particularly in times of conflict.

O Philistines
The Philistines were a significant group in the ancient Near East, often in conflict with the Israelites. Archaeological evidence suggests they were part of the Sea Peoples who settled along the coastal regions of Canaan. Understanding their historical and cultural background provides insight into their motivations and actions. They were known for their military prowess and advanced ironworking, which gave them an advantage in warfare.

or you will become slaves
The concept of slavery in the ancient world was a common consequence of military defeat. The Hebrew word "ʿābad" means to serve or to be enslaved. This warning highlights the stakes of the battle for the Philistines, as losing would mean subjugation and loss of freedom. It reflects the harsh realities of ancient warfare, where the outcome determined the fate of entire peoples.

to the Hebrews
The term "Hebrews" refers to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, known as the Israelites. In this context, it emphasizes the ongoing struggle between the Philistines and the Israelites. The Hebrews were often seen as a distinct group with a unique covenant relationship with God, which set them apart from other nations.

just as they were slaves to you
This phrase recalls the historical periods when the Israelites were subjugated by the Philistines. It serves as a reminder of past dominance and the cyclical nature of power dynamics in the region. The Philistines' previous control over the Israelites is a motivating factor for them to fight to maintain their superiority.

Be men and fight
The repetition of "be men" reinforces the call to bravery and action. The Hebrew word for fight, "lāḥam," implies engaging in battle or warfare. This command is a final rallying cry, urging the Philistines to stand firm and engage in combat with determination. It reflects the ancient belief in the importance of courage and strength in securing victory and survival.

(9) Be strong, . . . O ye Philistines . . .--The ring of these striking words--part of the same Philistine tradition of their splendid success--probably embodied in some well-known hymn of victory, was evidently in St. Paul's mind when he wrote his stirring words of exhortation to his loved Corinthian Church, "Quit ye like men; be strong."

Verse 9. - Be strong. But, as is often the case, despair served only to nerve them to bitter determination. The greatness of the danger - for as heathen the Philistines fully believed that the ark would act as a charm - and the fearful alternative of being servants, i.e. slaves to those who not so very long ago had been slaves to them, made them resolve to do their very utmost. The result was a complete victory.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Take courage
הִֽתְחַזְּק֞וּ (hiṯ·ḥaz·zə·qū)
Verb - Hitpael - Imperative - masculine plural
Strong's 2388: To fasten upon, to seize, be strong, obstinate, to bind, restrain, conquer

and be
וִֽהְי֤וּ (wih·yū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be

men,
לַֽאֲנָשִׁים֙ (la·’ă·nā·šîm)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

O Philistines!
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים (pə·liš·tîm)
Noun - proper - masculine plural
Strong's 6430: Philistines -- inhabitants of Philistia

Otherwise,
פֶּ֚ן (pen)
Conjunction
Strong's 6435: Removal, lest

you will serve
תַּעַבְד֣וּ (ta·‘aḇ·ḏū)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural
Strong's 5647: To work, to serve, till, enslave

the Hebrews
לָעִבְרִ֔ים (lā·‘iḇ·rîm)
Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine plural
Strong's 5680: Hebrews -- perhaps descendant of Eber, also another name for an Israelite

just as
כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר (ka·’ă·šer)
Preposition-k | Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834: Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

they served
עָבְד֖וּ (‘ā·ḇə·ḏū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 5647: To work, to serve, till, enslave

you.
לָכֶ֑ם (lā·ḵem)
Preposition | second person masculine plural
Strong's Hebrew

Now be
וִהְיִיתֶ֥ם (wih·yî·ṯem)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be

men
לַאֲנָשִׁ֖ים (la·’ă·nā·šîm)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

and fight!”
וְנִלְחַמְתֶּֽם׃ (wə·nil·ḥam·tem)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural
Strong's 3898: To feed on, to consume, to battle


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OT History: 1 Samuel 4:9 Be strong and behave yourselves like men (1Sa iSam 1 Sam i sa)
1 Samuel 4:8
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