Nehemiah 9:38
New International Version
“In view of all this, we are making a binding agreement, putting it in writing, and our leaders, our Levites and our priests are affixing their seals to it.”

New Living Translation
The people responded, “In view of all this, we are making a solemn promise and putting it in writing. On this sealed document are the names of our leaders and Levites and priests.”

English Standard Version
“Because of all this we make a firm covenant in writing; on the sealed document are the names of our princes, our Levites, and our priests.

Berean Standard Bible
In view of all this, we make a binding agreement, putting it in writing and sealing it with the names of our leaders, Levites, and priests.”

King James Bible
And because of all this we make a sure covenant, and write it; and our princes, Levites, and priests, seal unto it.

New King James Version
“And because of all this, We make a sure covenant and write it; Our leaders, our Levites, and our priests seal it.

New American Standard Bible
“Now because of all this We are making an agreement in writing; And on the sealed document are the names of our leaders, our Levites, and our priests.”

NASB 1995
“Now because of all this We are making an agreement in writing; And on the sealed document are the names of our leaders, our Levites and our priests.”

NASB 1977
“Now because of all this We are making an agreement in writing; And on the sealed document are the names of our leaders, our Levites and our priests.”

Legacy Standard Bible
“Now because of all this We are cutting an agreement in writing; And on the sealed document are the names of our princes, our Levites, and our priests.”

Amplified Bible
“Now because of all this We are making an agreement in writing; And on the sealed document are the names of our princes, our Levites, and our priests.”

Christian Standard Bible
In view of all this, we are making a binding agreement in writing on a sealed document containing the names of our leaders, Levites, and priests.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
In view of all this, we are making a binding agreement in writing on a sealed document containing the names of our leaders, Levites, and priests.

American Standard Version
And yet for all this we make a sure covenant, and write it; and our princes, our Levites, and our priests, seal unto it.

Contemporary English Version
And so, a firm agreement was made that had the official approval of the leaders, the Levites, and priests.

English Revised Version
And yet for all this we make a sure covenant, and write it; and our princes, our Levites, and our priests, seal unto it.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
"We are making a binding agreement [and putting it] in writing because of all this. Our leaders, Levites, and priests are putting their seals on the document."

Good News Translation
Because of all that has happened, we, the people of Israel, hereby make a solemn written agreement, and our leaders, our Levites, and our priests put their seals to it.

International Standard Version
"Because of all this, we are making a binding agreement, putting it in writing, and our leaders, our descendants of Levi, and our priests hereby set their seals upon it."

Majority Standard Bible
In view of all this, we make a binding agreement, putting it in writing and sealing it with the names of our leaders, Levites, and priests.”

NET Bible
"Because of all of this we are entering into a binding covenant in written form; our leaders, our Levites, and our priests have affixed their names on the sealed document."

New Heart English Bible
Yet for all this, we make a sure covenant, and write it; and our leaders, our Levites, and our priests, seal it."

Webster's Bible Translation
And because of all this we make a sure covenant, and write it; and our princes, Levites, and priests, set their seals to it.

World English Bible
Yet for all this, we make a sure covenant, and write it; and our princes, our Levites, and our priests, seal it.”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And for all this we are making a steadfast covenant, "" And are writing, "" And over him who is sealed "" [Are] our heads, our Levites, [and] our priests.”

Young's Literal Translation
And for all this we are making a stedfast covenant, and are writing, and over him who is sealed are our heads, our Levites, our priests.'

Smith's Literal Translation
And for all this we cut out faithfulness, and write; and upon the sealing, our chiefs, our Levites, and our priests.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
and because of all this we ourselves make a covenant, and write it, and our princes, our Levites, and our priests sign it.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Therefore, concerning all of these things, we ourselves are forming and writing a covenant, and our leaders, our Levites, and our priests are signing it.”

New American Bible
In view of all this, we are entering into a firm pact, which we are putting into writing. On the sealed document appear the names of our princes, our Levites, and our priests.

New Revised Standard Version
Because of all this we make a firm agreement in writing, and on that sealed document are inscribed the names of our officials, our Levites, and our priests.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And in view of all these things we make a sure covenant and bear witness over the seal, even our elders, Levites, and priests, and all those who have been spared of us.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And among all these we swear in the truth and we testify to the seal, our Elders and the Levites and our Priests and all those who lived among us.”
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And yet for all this we make a sure covenant, and subscribe it; and our princes, our Levites, and our priests, set their seal unto it.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And in regard to all these circumstances we make a covenant, and write it, and our princes, our Levites, and our priests, set their seal to it.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The People Confess Their Sins
37Its abundant harvest goes to the kings You have set over us because of our sins. And they rule over our bodies and our livestock as they please. We are in great distress. 38In view of all this, we make a binding agreement, putting it in writing and sealing it with the names of our leaders, Levites, and priests.”

Cross References
Exodus 24:3-8
When Moses came and told the people all the words and ordinances of the LORD, they all responded with one voice: “All the words that the LORD has spoken, we will do.” / And Moses wrote down all the words of the LORD. Early the next morning he got up and built an altar at the base of the mountain, along with twelve pillars for the twelve tribes of Israel. / Then he sent out some young men of Israel, and they offered burnt offerings and sacrificed young bulls as peace offerings to the LORD. ...

2 Kings 23:3
So the king stood by the pillar and made a covenant before the LORD to follow the LORD and to keep His commandments, decrees, and statutes with all his heart and all his soul, and to carry out the words of the covenant that were written in this book. And all the people entered into the covenant.

2 Chronicles 29:10
Now it is in my heart to make a covenant with the LORD, the God of Israel, so that His fierce anger will turn away from us.

2 Chronicles 34:31
So the king stood by the pillar and made a covenant before the LORD to follow the LORD and to keep His commandments, decrees, and statutes with all his heart and all his soul, and to carry out the words of the covenant that were written in this book.

Ezra 10:3
So now let us make a covenant before our God to send away all the foreign wives and their children, according to the counsel of my lord and of those who tremble at the command of our God. Let it be done according to the Law.

Jeremiah 34:8-18
After King Zedekiah had made a covenant with all the people in Jerusalem to proclaim liberty, the word came to Jeremiah from the LORD / that each man should free his Hebrew slaves, both male and female, and no one should hold his fellow Jew in bondage. / So all the officials and all the people who entered into this covenant agreed that they would free their menservants and maidservants and no longer hold them in bondage. They obeyed and released them, ...

Deuteronomy 29:1-15
These are the words of the covenant that the LORD commanded Moses to make with the Israelites in the land of Moab, in addition to the covenant He had made with them at Horeb. / Moses summoned all Israel and proclaimed to them, “You have seen with your own eyes everything the LORD did in Egypt to Pharaoh, to all his officials, and to all his land. / You saw with your own eyes the great trials, and those miraculous signs and wonders. ...

Joshua 24:25
On that day Joshua made a covenant for the people, and there at Shechem he established for them a statute and ordinance.

2 Chronicles 15:12-15
Then they entered into a covenant to seek the LORD, the God of their fathers, with all their heart and soul. / And whoever would not seek the LORD, the God of Israel, would be put to death, whether young or old, man or woman. / They took an oath to the LORD with a loud voice, with shouting, trumpets, and rams’ horns. ...

2 Chronicles 23:16
Then Jehoiada made a covenant between himself and the king and the people that they would be the LORD’s people.

Isaiah 44:5
One will say, ‘I belong to the LORD,’ another will call himself by the name of Jacob, and still another will write on his hand, ‘The LORD’s,’ and will take the name of Israel.”

Jeremiah 50:5
They will ask the way to Zion and turn their faces toward it. They will come and join themselves to the LORD in an everlasting covenant that will never be forgotten.

Hebrews 8:6-13
Now, however, Jesus has received a much more excellent ministry, just as the covenant He mediates is better and is founded on better promises. / For if that first covenant had been without fault, no place would have been sought for a second. / But God found fault with the people and said: “Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah. ...

Hebrews 9:15-20
Therefore Christ is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, now that He has died to redeem them from the transgressions committed under the first covenant. / In the case of a will, it is necessary to establish the death of the one who made it, / because a will does not take effect until the one who made it has died; it cannot be executed while he is still alive. ...

Romans 12:1-2
Therefore I urge you, brothers, on account of God’s mercy, to offer your bodies as living sacrifices, holy and pleasing to God, which is your spiritual service of worship. / Do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind. Then you will be able to test and approve what is the good, pleasing, and perfect will of God.


Treasury of Scripture

And because of all this we make a sure covenant, and write it; and our princes, Levites, and priests, seal to it.

we make.

Nehemiah 10:29
They clave to their brethren, their nobles, and entered into a curse, and into an oath, to walk in God's law, which was given by Moses the servant of God, and to observe and do all the commandments of the LORD our Lord, and his judgments and his statutes;

2 Kings 23:3
And the king stood by a pillar, and made a covenant before the LORD, to walk after the LORD, and to keep his commandments and his testimonies and his statutes with all their heart and all their soul, to perform the words of this covenant that were written in this book. And all the people stood to the covenant.

2 Chronicles 15:12,13
And they entered into a covenant to seek the LORD God of their fathers with all their heart and with all their soul; …

seal unto it.

Nehemiah 10:1
Now those that sealed were, Nehemiah, the Tirshatha, the son of Hachaliah, and Zidkijah,

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Agreement Binding Covenant Document Faith Firm Good Levites Making Names Priests Princes Rulers Seal Sealed Seals Subscribe Sure View Write Writing
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Agreement Binding Covenant Document Faith Firm Good Levites Making Names Priests Princes Rulers Seal Sealed Seals Subscribe Sure View Write Writing
Nehemiah 9
1. A solemn fast, and repentance of the people
4. The Levites make a confession of God's goodness, and their wickedness














In view of all this
This phrase reflects a culmination of the events and confessions that precede this verse. The Hebrew root here is "al kol zeh," which signifies a response to the preceding acknowledgment of God's faithfulness and Israel's failures. Historically, this is a pivotal moment where the Israelites, having recounted their history of disobedience and God's mercy, decide to take decisive action. It is a moment of reflection and resolution, emphasizing the importance of learning from the past to shape a faithful future.

we are making a binding agreement
The Hebrew term for "binding agreement" is "amanah," which implies a firm, steadfast commitment. This is not a casual promise but a solemn covenant, reflecting the seriousness with which the Israelites approach their renewed commitment to God. In the ancient Near Eastern context, covenants were significant and often involved rituals to underscore their importance. This agreement is a spiritual and communal act, demonstrating a collective return to God's statutes.

putting it in writing
The act of writing signifies permanence and accountability. In the ancient world, written documents were used to formalize agreements and ensure that they were remembered and adhered to. This phrase underscores the Israelites' intention to make their commitment enduring and verifiable. It reflects a desire for transparency and a public declaration of their intentions, which is crucial for communal integrity and accountability.

our leaders, Levites, and priests
This phrase highlights the involvement of the community's spiritual and civic leaders. The leaders, Levites, and priests represent the entire community, indicating that this covenant is not just a personal or individual commitment but a collective one. The inclusion of these groups underscores the importance of leadership in guiding and upholding the community's spiritual commitments. It also reflects the biblical principle of leadership accountability and the role of leaders in setting a godly example.

are affixing their seals to it
Seals in the ancient world were used to authenticate documents, much like signatures today. The act of affixing seals signifies a formal ratification of the covenant. It is a public and official endorsement of the agreement, binding the signatories to their promises. This action reflects the seriousness with which the Israelites approach their covenant with God, emphasizing the importance of commitment and the weight of their promises. The use of seals also indicates a desire for the covenant to be recognized and respected by future generations, ensuring its lasting impact.

(38) Because of all this.--On the ground of this confession, and to prove our sincerity.

Seal unto it.--On the sealed [document]. Each party impressed his seal on moist clay, which was then hardened. Sometimes these seals were attached to the document by separate strings. In Nehemiah 11, "those who sealed" is, literally, those on the sealed [documents], in the plural.

Verse 38. - Because of all this. Because of our past sins and their punishment - to prevent a recurrence of similar conduct and similar afflictions. We... seal unto it. In the East it is always the seal that authenticates a document. Babylonian documents were often stamped with half a dozen seals or more. These were impressed upon the moist clay, and then the clay was baked. Sometimes each party to the contract stamped his seal upon a separate piece of sealing clay, which he then attached to the document by means of a string (Layard, 'Nineveh and Babylon,' p. 154). Any number of seals could be attached in this way.



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
In view of all
וּבְכָל־ (ū·ḇə·ḵāl)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

this,
זֹ֕את (zōṯ)
Pronoun - feminine singular
Strong's 2063: Hereby in it, likewise, the one other, same, she, so much, such deed, that,

we
אֲנַ֛חְנוּ (’ă·naḥ·nū)
Pronoun - first person common plural
Strong's 587: We

make
כֹּרְתִ֥ים (kō·rə·ṯîm)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 3772: To cut, to destroy, consume, to covenant

a binding agreement,
אֲמָנָ֖ה (’ă·mā·nāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 548: Something fixed, a covenant, an allowance

putting it in writing
וְכֹתְבִ֑ים (wə·ḵō·ṯə·ḇîm)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 3789: To grave, to write

and
וְעַל֙ (wə·‘al)
Conjunctive waw | Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

sealing it with [the names of]
הֶֽחָת֔וּם (he·ḥā·ṯūm)
Article | Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singular
Strong's 2856: To seal, affix a seal, seal up

our leaders,
שָׂרֵ֥ינוּ (śā·rê·nū)
Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural
Strong's 8269: Chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince

Levites,
לְוִיֵּ֖נוּ (lə·wî·yê·nū)
Noun - proper | first person common plural
Strong's 3881: Levites -- descendant of Levi

and priests.”
כֹּהֲנֵֽינוּ׃ (kō·hă·nê·nū)
Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural
Strong's 3548: Priest


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OT History: Nehemiah 9:38 Yet for all this we make (Neh Ne)
Nehemiah 9:37
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