Exodus 39:10
New International Version
Then they mounted four rows of precious stones on it. The first row was carnelian, chrysolite and beryl;

New Living Translation
They mounted four rows of gemstones on it. The first row contained a red carnelian, a pale-green peridot, and an emerald.

English Standard Version
And they set in it four rows of stones. A row of sardius, topaz, and carbuncle was the first row;

Berean Standard Bible
And they mounted on it four rows of gemstones: The first row had a ruby, a topaz, and an emerald;

King James Bible
And they set in it four rows of stones: the first row was a sardius, a topaz, and a carbuncle: this was the first row.

New King James Version
And they set in it four rows of stones: a row with a sardius, a topaz, and an emerald was the first row;

New American Standard Bible
And they mounted four rows of stones on it. The first row was a row of ruby, topaz, and emerald;

NASB 1995
And they mounted four rows of stones on it. The first row was a row of ruby, topaz, and emerald;

NASB 1977
And they mounted four rows of stones on it. The first row was a row of ruby, topaz, and emerald;

Legacy Standard Bible
And they mounted four rows of stones on it. The first row was a row of ruby, topaz, and emerald;

Amplified Bible
And they mounted four rows of stones on it. The first row was a row of ruby, topaz, and emerald;

Christian Standard Bible
They mounted four rows of gemstones on it. The first row was a row of carnelian, topaz, and emerald;

Holman Christian Standard Bible
They mounted four rows of gemstones on it. The first row was a row of carnelian, topaz, and emerald;

American Standard Version
And they set in it four rows of stones. A row of sardius, topaz, and carbuncle was the first row;

Contemporary English Version
with four rows of three precious stones: A carnelian, a chrysolite, and an emerald were in the first row;

English Revised Version
And they set in it four rows of stones: a row of sardius, topaz, and carbuncle was the first row.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
They fastened four rows of precious stones on it. In the first row they put red quartz, topaz, and emerald.

Good News Translation
They mounted four rows of precious stones on it: in the first row they mounted a ruby, a topaz, and a garnet;

International Standard Version
They mounted on it four rows of stones. The first row was a row of carnelian, topaz, and emerald;

Majority Standard Bible
And they mounted on it four rows of gemstones: The first row had a ruby, a topaz, and an emerald;

NET Bible
They set on it four rows of stones: a row with a ruby, a topaz, and a beryl--the first row;

New Heart English Bible
They set in it four rows of stones. A row of ruby, topaz, and beryl was the first row;

Webster's Bible Translation
And they set in it four rows of stones: the first row was a sardius, a topaz, and a carbuncle: this was the first row.

World English Bible
They set in it four rows of stones. A row of ruby, topaz, and beryl was the first row;
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And they fill four rows of stones in it: a row of a sardius, a topaz, and a carbuncle [is] the first row;

Young's Literal Translation
And they fill in it four rows of stones; a row of a sardius, a topaz, and a carbuncle is the one row;

Smith's Literal Translation
And they will fill in it four rows of stone: a row, a ruby, a topaz and an emerald, the one row.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And he set four rows of precious stones in it. In the first row was a sardius, a topaz, and emerald.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And he set four rows of gems in it. In the first row was a sardius stone, a topaz, an emerald;

New American Bible
Four rows of precious stones were mounted on it: in the first row a carnelian, a topaz, and an emerald;

New Revised Standard Version
They set in it four rows of stones. A row of carnelian, chrysolite, and emerald was the first row;
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And they set it in four rows of stones; the first row was a sardius, a topaz, and an emerald; this was the first row.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And they set in it four rows of stones: the first row ruby and topaz and lightningdiamond, row one.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And they set in it four rows of stones: a row of carnelian, topaz, and smaragd was the first row.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And there was interwoven with it a woven work of four rows of stones, a series of stones, the first row, a sardius and topaz and emerald;

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Breastpiece
9It was square when folded over double, a span long and a span wide. 10And they mounted on it four rows of gemstones: The first row had a ruby, a topaz, and an emerald; 11the second row had a turquoise, a sapphire, and a diamond;…

Cross References
Exodus 28:17-20
And mount on it a setting of gemstones, four rows of stones: In the first row there shall be a ruby, a topaz, and an emerald; / in the second row a turquoise, a sapphire, and a diamond; / in the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst; ...

Revelation 21:19-20
The foundations of the city walls were adorned with every kind of precious stone: The first foundation was jasper, the second sapphire, the third chalcedony, the fourth emerald, / the fifth sardonyx, the sixth carnelian, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh jacinth, and the twelfth amethyst.

Ezekiel 28:13
You were in Eden, the garden of God. Every kind of precious stone adorned you: ruby, topaz, and diamond, beryl, onyx, and jasper, sapphire, turquoise, and emerald. Your mountings and settings were crafted in gold, prepared on the day of your creation.

Isaiah 54:11-12
“O afflicted city, lashed by storms, without solace, surely I will set your stones in antimony and lay your foundations with sapphires. / I will make your pinnacles of rubies, your gates of sparkling jewels, and all your walls of precious stones.

1 Kings 10:2
She arrived in Jerusalem with a very large caravan—with camels bearing spices, gold in great abundance, and precious stones. And she came to Solomon and spoke to him all that was on her mind.

2 Chronicles 9:1
Now when the queen of Sheba heard about the fame of Solomon, she came to test him with difficult questions. She arrived in Jerusalem with a very large caravan—with camels bearing spices, gold in abundance, and precious stones. And she came to Solomon and spoke with him about all that was on her mind.

Song of Solomon 5:14
His arms are rods of gold set with beryl. His body is polished ivory bedecked with sapphires.

Job 28:16-19
It cannot be valued in the gold of Ophir, in precious onyx or sapphire. / Neither gold nor crystal can compare to it, nor jewels of fine gold be exchanged for it. / Coral and quartz are unworthy of mention; the price of wisdom is beyond rubies. ...

Genesis 2:12
And the gold of that land is pure, and bdellium and onyx are found there.

Numbers 31:50
So we have brought to the LORD an offering of the gold articles each man acquired—armlets, bracelets, rings, earrings, and necklaces—to make atonement for ourselves before the LORD.”

1 Chronicles 29:2
Now with all my ability I have made provision for the house of my God—gold for the gold articles, silver for the silver, bronze for the bronze, iron for the iron, and wood for the wood, as well as onyx for the settings, turquoise, stones of various colors, all kinds of precious stones, and slabs of marble—all in abundance.

2 Chronicles 3:6
He adorned the temple with precious stones for beauty, and its gold was from Parvaim.

Daniel 10:5-6
I lifted up my eyes, and behold, there was a certain man dressed in linen, with a belt of fine gold from Uphaz around his waist. / His body was like beryl, his face like the brilliance of lightning, his eyes like flaming torches, his arms and legs like the gleam of polished bronze, and his voice like the sound of a multitude.

Matthew 7:6
Do not give dogs what is holy; do not throw your pearls before swine. If you do, they may trample them under their feet, and then turn and tear you to pieces.

Luke 16:19
Now there was a rich man dressed in purple and fine linen, who lived each day in joyous splendor.


Treasury of Scripture

And they set in it four rows of stones: the first row was a sardius, a topaz, and a carbuncle: this was the first row.

the first row

Exodus 28:16,17,21
Foursquare it shall be being doubled; a span shall be the length thereof, and a span shall be the breadth thereof…

Revelation 21:19-21
And the foundations of the wall of the city were garnished with all manner of precious stones. The first foundation was jasper; the second, sapphire; the third, a chalcedony; the fourth, an emerald; …

sardius, or ruby

Jump to Previous
Beryl Carbuncle Carnelian Chrysolite Emerald First Four Lines Mounted Precious Row Rows Ruby Sardius Smaragd Stones Topaz
Jump to Next
Beryl Carbuncle Carnelian Chrysolite Emerald First Four Lines Mounted Precious Row Rows Ruby Sardius Smaragd Stones Topaz
Exodus 39
1. The cloths of service and holy garments.
2. The ephod
8. The breast-plate
22. The robe of the ephod
27. The coats, mitre, and girdle of fine linen
30. The plate of the holy crown
32. All is finished, reviewed, and approved by Moses














And they mounted on it
This phrase refers to the skilled craftsmanship involved in setting the gemstones onto the breastpiece of the High Priest. The Hebrew root for "mounted" is "מִלֵּא" (mille), which implies a careful and intentional placement. This reflects the meticulous care God expects in worship and service, symbolizing the importance of precision and dedication in our spiritual lives.

four rows of gemstones
The number four often symbolizes completeness and universality in the Bible, as seen in the four corners of the earth or the four winds. The gemstones, each unique and precious, represent the twelve tribes of Israel, signifying the diversity and unity of God's people. This arrangement underscores the idea that each tribe, and by extension each believer, holds a unique place in God's plan.

The first row had a ruby
The ruby, or "אֹדֶם" (odem) in Hebrew, is often associated with blood and sacrifice, reflecting the atoning work of Christ. Historically, rubies were prized for their deep red color, symbolizing passion and love. This gemstone reminds us of the sacrificial love of Jesus, who is the cornerstone of our faith.

a topaz
Topaz, or "פִּטְדָה" (pitdah) in Hebrew, is a gemstone that can vary in color but is often golden, symbolizing divine wisdom and understanding. In ancient times, topaz was believed to have protective powers. Spiritually, it represents the wisdom that comes from God, guiding us in truth and righteousness.

and an emerald
The emerald, or "בָּרֶקֶת" (bareqet) in Hebrew, is a vibrant green stone symbolizing life, growth, and renewal. Green is often associated with flourishing and abundance in Scripture. The emerald reminds us of the new life we have in Christ and the continual renewal of our hearts and minds through the Holy Spirit.

Verses 10-13. - On the probable stones intended, see the comment upon Exodus 28:17-20.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
And they mounted
וַיְמַלְאוּ־ (way·mal·’ū-)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 4390: To fill, be full of

on it
ב֔וֹ (ḇōw)
Preposition | third person masculine singular
Strong's Hebrew

four
אַרְבָּעָ֖ה (’ar·bā·‘āh)
Number - masculine singular
Strong's 702: Four

rows
ט֣וּרֵי (ṭū·rê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 2905: A row, a wall

of gemstones.
אָ֑בֶן (’ā·ḇen)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 68: A stone

The first
הָאֶחָֽד׃ (hā·’e·ḥāḏ)
Article | Number - masculine singular
Strong's 259: United, one, first

row [had]
ט֗וּר (ṭūr)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 2905: A row, a wall

a ruby,
אֹ֤דֶם (’ō·ḏem)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 124: Redness, the ruby, garnet, some other red gem

a topaz,
פִּטְדָה֙ (piṭ·ḏāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 6357: (a precious stone) perhaps topaz

and an emerald;
וּבָרֶ֔קֶת (ū·ḇā·re·qeṯ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 1304: A gem, the emerald


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OT Law: Exodus 39:10 They set in it four rows (Exo. Ex)
Exodus 39:9
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