Numbers 31:20
New International Version
Purify every garment as well as everything made of leather, goat hair or wood.”

New Living Translation
Purify all your clothing, too, and everything made of leather, goat hair, or wood.”

English Standard Version
You shall purify every garment, every article of skin, all work of goats’ hair, and every article of wood.”

Berean Standard Bible
And purify every garment and leather good, everything made of goat’s hair, and every article of wood.”

King James Bible
And purify all your raiment, and all that is made of skins, and all work of goats' hair, and all things made of wood.

New King James Version
Purify every garment, everything made of leather, everything woven of goats’ hair, and everything made of wood.”

New American Standard Bible
And you shall purify for yourselves every garment, every article of leather, every work of goats’ hair, and every article of wood.”

NASB 1995
“You shall purify for yourselves every garment and every article of leather and all the work of goats’ hair, and all articles of wood.”

NASB 1977
“And you shall purify for yourselves every garment and every article of leather and all the work of goats’ hair, and all articles of wood.”

Legacy Standard Bible
And you shall purify for yourselves every garment and every article of leather and all the work of goats’ hair and all articles of wood.”

Amplified Bible
You shall purify every garment and every article made of leather and all the things made of goats’ hair, and every article made of wood.”

Christian Standard Bible
Also purify everything: garments, leather goods, things made of goat hair, and every article of wood.”

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Also purify everything: garments, leather goods, things made of goat hair, and every article of wood.”

American Standard Version
And as to every garment, and all that is made of skin, and all work of goats' hair, and all things made of wood, ye shall purify yourselves.

Contemporary English Version
Then wash your clothes and anything made from animal skin, goat's hair, or wood."

English Revised Version
And as to every garment, and all that is made of skin, and all work of goats' hair, and all things made of wood, ye shall purify yourselves.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Do the same for all the clothes and everything made of leather, goats' hair, or wood."

Good News Translation
You must also purify every piece of clothing and everything made of leather, goats' hair, or wood."

International Standard Version
Furthermore, you are to purify every garment—that is, everything made of leather, goat's hair, or containing wood."

Majority Standard Bible
And purify every garment and leather good, everything made of goat?s hair, and every article of wood.?

NET Bible
You must purify each garment and everything that is made of skin, everything made of goat's hair, and everything made of wood."

New Heart English Bible
As to every garment, and all that is made of skin, and all work of goats' hair, and all things made of wood, you shall purify yourselves."

Webster's Bible Translation
And purify all your raiment, and all that is made of skins, and all work of goats' hair, and all things made of wood.

World English Bible
You shall purify every garment, and all that is made of skin, and all work of goats’ hair, and all things made of wood.”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and every garment, and every skin vessel, and every work of goats’ [hair], and every wooden vessel, you yourselves cleanse.”

Young's Literal Translation
and every garment, and every skin vessel, and every work of goats' hair, and every wooden vessel, ye yourselves cleanse.'

Smith's Literal Translation
And every garment and every vessel of skin, and every work of goats' hair, and every vessel of wood, ye shall purify.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And of all the spoil, every garment, or vessel, or any thing made for use, of the skins, or hair of goats, or of wood, shall be purified.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And all of the spoils, whether it is a garment, or a vessel, or another useful thing, made from the pelts or hair of goats, or from wood, shall be expiated.”

New American Bible
You will also purify every garment, every article of leather, everything made of goats’ hair, and every article of wood.”

New Revised Standard Version
You shall purify every garment, every article of skin, everything made of goats’ hair, and every article of wood.”
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And purify all your garments and all that is made of skin and all the work of goats' hair and all things made of wood.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And sprinkle upon all cloaks and all garments of leather and every product of hair and every article of wood.”
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And as to every garment, and all that is made of skin, and all work of goats' hair, and all things made of wood, ye shall purify.'

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And ye shall purify every garment and every leathern utensil, and all furniture of goat skin, and every wooden vessel.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Vengeance on Midian
19All of you who have killed a person or touched the dead are to remain outside the camp for seven days. On the third day and the seventh day you are to purify both yourselves and your captives. 20And purify every garment and leather good, everything made of goat’s hair, and every article of wood.” 21Then Eleazar the priest said to the soldiers who had gone into battle, “This is the statute of the law which the LORD has commanded Moses:…

Cross References
Leviticus 11:32-33
When one of them dies and falls on something, that article becomes unclean; any article of wood, clothing, leather, sackcloth, or any implement used for work must be rinsed with water and will remain unclean until evening; then it will be clean. / If any of them falls into a clay pot, everything in it will be unclean; you must break the pot.

Leviticus 15:12
Any clay pot that the man with the discharge touches must be broken, and any wooden utensil must be rinsed with water.

Deuteronomy 21:13
and put aside the clothing of her captivity. After she has lived in your house a full month and mourned her father and mother, you may have relations with her and be her husband, and she shall be your wife.

Leviticus 6:28
The clay pot in which the sin offering is boiled must be broken; if it is boiled in a bronze pot, the pot must be scoured and rinsed with water.

Leviticus 15:4-5
Any bed on which the man with the discharge lies will be unclean, and any furniture on which he sits will be unclean. / Anyone who touches his bed must wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will be unclean until evening.

Leviticus 13:47-59
If any fabric is contaminated with mildew—any wool or linen garment, / any weave or knit of linen or wool, or any article of leather— / and if the mark in the fabric, leather, weave, knit, or leather article is green or red, then it is contaminated with mildew and must be shown to the priest. ...

Leviticus 14:8-9
The one being cleansed must wash his clothes, shave off all his hair, and bathe with water; then he will be ceremonially clean. Afterward, he may enter the camp, but he must remain outside his tent for seven days. / On the seventh day he must shave off all his hair—his head, his beard, his eyebrows, and the rest of his hair. He must wash his clothes and bathe himself with water, and he will be clean.

Leviticus 15:10
Whoever touches anything that was under him will be unclean until evening, and whoever carries such things must wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will be unclean until evening.

Leviticus 15:16-18
When a man has an emission of semen, he must bathe his whole body with water, and he will be unclean until evening. / Any clothing or leather on which there is an emission of semen must be washed with water, and it will remain unclean until evening. / If a man lies with a woman and there is an emission of semen, both must bathe with water, and they will remain unclean until evening.

Leviticus 15:20-21
Anything on which she lies or sits during her menstruation will be unclean, / and anyone who touches her bed must wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will be unclean until evening.

Leviticus 15:26-27
Any bed on which she lies or any furniture on which she sits during the days of her discharge will be unclean, like her bed during her menstrual period. / Anyone who touches these things will be unclean; he must wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will be unclean until evening.

2 Corinthians 7:1
Therefore, beloved, since we have these promises, let us cleanse ourselves from everything that defiles body and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God.

Hebrews 9:10
They consist only in food and drink and special washings—external regulations imposed until the time of reform.

Mark 7:4
And on returning from the market, they do not eat unless they wash. And there are many other traditions for them to observe, including the washing of cups, pitchers, kettles, and couches for dining.

Matthew 23:25-26
Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You clean the outside of the cup and dish, but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence. / Blind Pharisee! First clean the inside of the cup and dish, so that the outside may become clean as well.


Treasury of Scripture

And purify all your raiment, and all that is made of skins, and all work of goats' hair, and all things made of wood.

raiment

Numbers 19:14-16,22
This is the law, when a man dieth in a tent: all that come into the tent, and all that is in the tent, shall be unclean seven days…

Genesis 35:2
Then Jacob said unto his household, and to all that were with him, Put away the strange gods that are among you, and be clean, and change your garments:

Exodus 19:10
And the LORD said unto Moses, Go unto the people, and sanctify them to day and to morrow, and let them wash their clothes,

that is made.

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Article Articles Bit Clean Cleanse Clothing Hair Leather Purify Raiment Skin Skins Vessel Wood Wooden Work Yourselves
Jump to Next
Article Articles Bit Clean Cleanse Clothing Hair Leather Purify Raiment Skin Skins Vessel Wood Wooden Work Yourselves
Numbers 31
1. The Midianites are spoiled, and Balaam slain
13. Moses is angry with the officers, for saving the women alive
19. How the soldiers, with their captives and spoil, are to be purified
25. The proportion in which the prey is to be divided
48. The voluntary offering unto the treasure of the Lord














And purify
The Hebrew word for "purify" is "חִטֵּאתֶם" (chitte'tem), which is derived from the root "חָטָא" (chata), meaning to cleanse or make clean. In the context of Numbers 31, purification is not merely a physical act but a spiritual one, symbolizing the removal of impurity and sin. This reflects the broader biblical theme of holiness, where God calls His people to be set apart and pure, both in their actions and in their possessions.

every garment
The term "garment" in Hebrew is "בֶּגֶד" (beged), which refers to clothing or apparel. In ancient Israel, garments were not only functional but also held symbolic significance. They often represented one's status, identity, and purity. The command to purify garments underscores the importance of external cleanliness as a reflection of internal holiness, a principle that resonates throughout Scripture.

and leather good
The phrase "leather good" translates from the Hebrew "כָּל־כְּלִי עוֹר" (kol-keli or), meaning any item made from animal hide. Leather was a common material in the ancient Near East, used for various purposes, including clothing, tents, and containers. The inclusion of leather goods in the purification process highlights the comprehensive nature of God's call to holiness, extending to all aspects of life and material possessions.

everything made of goat's hair
The Hebrew phrase "כָּל־מַעֲשֵׂה עִזִּים" (kol-ma'aseh izzim) refers to items crafted from goat's hair, such as tents or fabrics. Goat's hair was a durable and versatile material, often used in the construction of the tabernacle (Exodus 26:7). The requirement to purify these items emphasizes the need for thoroughness in the cleansing process, ensuring that even the most mundane or utilitarian objects are consecrated to God.

and every article of wood
The Hebrew "כָּל־כְּלִי עֵץ" (kol-keli etz) refers to all wooden items. Wood was a fundamental material in ancient times, used for tools, furniture, and religious artifacts. The command to purify wooden articles serves as a reminder that holiness permeates every facet of life. It calls believers to recognize that all creation is under God's dominion and should be treated with reverence and care.

Verse 20. - Purify all your raiment, and all that is made. Literally, "every vessel" (כְּלִי). This was in accordance with the principle laid down in chapter 19 that everything which had come into contact with a corpse needed purifying.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
And purify
תִּתְחַטָּֽאוּ׃ (tiṯ·ḥaṭ·ṭā·’ū)
Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - second person masculine plural
Strong's 2398: To miss, to sin, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, lead astray, condemn

every
וְכָל־ (wə·ḵāl)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

garment
בֶּ֧גֶד (be·ḡeḏ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 899: A covering, clothing, treachery, pillage

and leather
ע֛וֹר (‘ō·wr)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5785: Skin, hide, leather

good,
כְּלִי־ (kə·lî-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3627: Something prepared, any apparatus

everything
מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה (ma·‘ă·śêh)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4639: An action, a transaction, activity, a product, property

made of goat’s hair,
עִזִּ֖ים (‘iz·zîm)
Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 5795: Female goat

and every
וְכָל־ (wə·ḵāl)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

article
כְּלִי־ (kə·lî-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3627: Something prepared, any apparatus

of wood.”
עֵ֑ץ (‘êṣ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6086: Tree, trees, wood


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OT Law: Numbers 31:20 As to every garment and all that (Nu Num.)
Numbers 31:19
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