Give ear
The phrase "Give ear" is a plea for attention and is often used in the Psalms as a call for God to listen attentively. The Hebrew root for "give ear" is "אזן" (azan), which means to listen or to pay attention. This reflects a deep yearning for divine attention and intervention. In the ancient Near Eastern context, calling upon a deity to "give ear" was a common practice, signifying the worshiper's belief in a personal and responsive God. The psalmist's use of this phrase underscores the intimate relationship between the believer and God, emphasizing that God is not distant but is actively engaged in the lives of His people.

to my words
The psalmist's request for God to listen "to my words" highlights the importance of verbal expression in prayer. The Hebrew word for "words" is "דברים" (devarim), which can also mean matters or things. This suggests that the psalmist is not only asking God to hear his spoken prayers but also to understand the matters of his heart. In the biblical tradition, words are powerful and carry weight, as seen in the creation narrative where God speaks the world into existence. Thus, the psalmist's words are not mere utterances but are imbued with significance and urgency.

O LORD
The use of "O LORD" refers to the covenant name of God, "Yahweh" (יהוה), which is the most sacred name for God in the Hebrew Bible. This name signifies God's eternal presence and His covenantal relationship with Israel. By invoking this name, the psalmist is appealing to God's faithfulness and His promises. It is a reminder of the personal and relational nature of God, who is both transcendent and immanent. The use of "O LORD" in prayer reflects a deep trust in God's character and His willingness to act on behalf of His people.

consider
The word "consider" in Hebrew is "בין" (bin), which means to understand or to discern. This is more than a request for God to hear; it is a plea for God to perceive and comprehend the depth of the psalmist's situation. It implies a desire for God to engage with the psalmist's plight on a profound level. In the biblical context, understanding is often associated with wisdom and insight, qualities attributed to God. The psalmist is asking for God's wise and discerning attention to his circumstances, trusting in God's ability to see beyond the surface.

my groaning
The term "groaning" is translated from the Hebrew word "הגה" (haghah), which can also mean sighing or murmuring. This word conveys a sense of deep emotional distress and unarticulated pain. It reflects the psalmist's inner turmoil and the intensity of his plea. In the ancient world, groaning was often associated with suffering and lamentation, a raw expression of the human condition. The inclusion of "my groaning" in the prayer indicates that God is attentive not only to spoken words but also to the unspoken cries of the heart. It reassures believers that God is compassionate and responsive to their deepest needs and struggles.

Attend to the sound of my cry
This phrase is a heartfelt plea from the psalmist, David, to God. The Hebrew word for "attend" is "qashab," which means to listen attentively or give heed. It conveys a sense of urgency and desperation, as David seeks God's immediate attention. The "sound of my cry" suggests a deep, emotional outpouring, not just a verbal request. In the historical context, David often found himself in dire situations, surrounded by enemies or facing personal turmoil. This cry is not just for deliverance but also for divine justice and guidance. The phrase reflects a profound trust in God's ability to hear and respond to the cries of His people.

my King and my God
Here, David acknowledges God's sovereignty and personal relationship with Him. The term "King" (Hebrew: "melek") signifies God's ultimate authority and rule over all creation. By calling God "my King," David submits to God's reign and recognizes His power to govern his life and circumstances. The phrase "my God" (Hebrew: "Elohim") emphasizes a personal and covenantal relationship. It is a declaration of faith and loyalty, acknowledging that God is not just a distant deity but a personal protector and provider. This dual recognition of God as both King and God underscores the balance of reverence and intimacy in David's relationship with the Lord.

for to You I pray
This phrase highlights the act of prayer as a direct communication with God. The Hebrew word for "pray" is "palal," which means to intercede or mediate. It implies a deliberate and conscious act of seeking God's presence and intervention. David's declaration "for to You" indicates exclusivity; he turns to God alone, not to idols or other entities, for help and guidance. This reflects a deep-seated belief in the efficacy of prayer and the assurance that God listens to and answers the prayers of the faithful. In the broader scriptural context, prayer is a central theme, serving as a vital connection between humanity and the divine, and this phrase encapsulates that essential practice.

In the morning
The phrase "in the morning" signifies the beginning of a new day, a time traditionally associated with renewal and fresh starts. In the Hebrew context, the morning was a significant time for prayer and seeking God's guidance. The Hebrew word for morning, "בֹּקֶר" (boqer), suggests the breaking of light, symbolizing hope and the dispelling of darkness. This sets a tone of prioritizing God at the start of the day, emphasizing the importance of dedicating the first moments to Him, aligning with the biblical principle of seeking first the kingdom of God (Matthew 6:33).

O LORD
The use of "O LORD" here is a direct address to Yahweh, the covenant name of God, which denotes a personal and relational aspect of God with His people. This name, "יהוה" (YHWH), is deeply rooted in the Hebrew tradition as the self-existent, eternal God who is faithful to His promises. It reflects a deep reverence and acknowledgment of God's sovereignty and holiness, inviting believers to approach Him with both awe and intimacy.

You hear my voice
This phrase underscores the personal relationship between the psalmist and God. The assurance that God hears is rooted in the Hebrew word "שָׁמַע" (shama), which means to hear intelligently, often with the implication of attention and obedience. It conveys the idea that God is not distant or indifferent but is actively listening to the cries and prayers of His people. This assurance encourages believers to pray with confidence, knowing that their voices reach the ears of a loving and attentive Father.

at daybreak
"At daybreak" reiterates the timing of the prayer, emphasizing the early morning as a sacred time for communion with God. The Hebrew word "עֶרֶב" (ereb) for evening contrasts with "בֹּקֶר" (boqer) for morning, highlighting the transition from night to day. This transition symbolizes moving from uncertainty to clarity, from rest to action, and from silence to communication with God. It encourages believers to start their day with God, setting a spiritual tone for the hours ahead.

I lay my plea before You
The act of laying one's plea before God is an expression of trust and dependence. The Hebrew word "עָרַךְ" (arak) means to arrange or set in order, suggesting a deliberate and thoughtful presentation of one's requests to God. This reflects a disciplined approach to prayer, where the believer organizes their thoughts and petitions, presenting them respectfully and expectantly to God. It is an act of surrender, acknowledging God's wisdom and power to intervene.

and wait in expectation
The phrase "wait in expectation" captures the essence of faith and hope. The Hebrew word "צָפָה" (tsaphah) means to look out or watch, implying an active, hopeful anticipation of God's response. This waiting is not passive but filled with trust and confidence that God will act according to His will and timing. It encourages believers to maintain a posture of hope, even when answers are not immediate, trusting in God's perfect plan and timing. This expectation is rooted in the character of God, who is faithful and just, and it inspires believers to remain steadfast in their faith.

For You are not a God who delights in wickedness
This phrase establishes a foundational understanding of God's character. The Hebrew word for "delights" is "ḥāp̄ēṣ," which conveys a sense of pleasure or desire. God does not find pleasure in wickedness, which is "rā‘," meaning evil or morally wrong actions. This highlights God's holiness and righteousness, setting Him apart from human sinfulness. Historically, this understanding of God as holy and separate from evil was crucial for the Israelites, who were surrounded by pagan cultures with deities that often embodied both good and evil traits. This distinction underscores the purity and moral perfection of the God of Israel.

no evil can dwell with You
The word "dwell" is translated from the Hebrew "gûr," which means to sojourn or temporarily reside. This implies that evil cannot even temporarily exist in God's presence. The phrase emphasizes the incompatibility of sin with God's nature. In the broader scriptural context, this is a reminder of the separation between God and sin, which is a recurring theme throughout the Bible. It points to the necessity of holiness and purity for those who wish to approach God, a concept that is further developed in the New Testament through the atoning work of Christ, who bridges the gap between sinful humanity and a holy God.

The boastful
The Hebrew word here is "halalim," which refers to those who are proud or arrogant. In the biblical context, boasting is often associated with a self-reliance that disregards God’s sovereignty. The Scriptures consistently warn against pride, as it leads to a hardened heart that resists divine guidance. Proverbs 16:18 reminds us, "Pride goes before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall." The boastful are contrasted with the humble, who recognize their dependence on God and His grace.

cannot stand
The phrase "cannot stand" implies an inability to endure or remain firm. In the presence of a holy and righteous God, those who are boastful find themselves unable to maintain their position. This reflects the biblical principle that sin cannot coexist with holiness. The imagery here is of a courtroom where the guilty cannot withstand the judgment of a just judge. It serves as a reminder of the ultimate accountability all individuals have before God.

in Your presence
The presence of God, often referred to as "panim" in Hebrew, signifies more than just physical proximity; it denotes a relational and spiritual closeness. Being in God's presence is a place of blessing and favor for the righteous, as seen in Psalm 16:11, "You make known to me the path of life; in Your presence is fullness of joy." However, for the boastful and sinful, His presence becomes a place of judgment and conviction.

You hate
The word "hate" here is "sane" in Hebrew, which conveys a strong aversion or rejection. It is important to understand this in the context of God's holiness and justice. God's hatred is not like human hatred, which can be capricious or unjust. Instead, it is a righteous indignation against sin and evil. This reflects God's perfect nature, which cannot tolerate iniquity.

all workers of iniquity
The term "workers of iniquity" refers to those who actively engage in sinful behavior. The Hebrew word "aven" denotes trouble, wickedness, or sorrow. This phrase underscores the active participation in sin, not merely passive or occasional wrongdoing. It highlights the biblical teaching that sin is not just an act but a condition of the heart that manifests in actions. The Bible consistently calls for repentance and transformation, urging individuals to turn from their wicked ways and seek God's forgiveness and righteousness.

You destroy
The Hebrew root for "destroy" is "אָבַד" (avad), which conveys a sense of perishing or being lost. In the context of divine justice, it implies a complete and irrevocable end brought about by God's righteous judgment. This word underscores the seriousness with which God views sin, particularly the sin of lying, and His active role in upholding truth and justice.

those who tell lies
The phrase highlights the moral and ethical standards that God expects from His people. In the ancient Near Eastern context, truth-telling was foundational for community trust and cohesion. Lies disrupt the social fabric and are seen as a direct affront to God's nature, who is the embodiment of truth. This phrase serves as a warning against deceit and a call to live in integrity.

the LORD abhors
The Hebrew word for "abhors" is "תּוֹעֵבָה" (to'evah), which is often used to describe something detestable or loathsome. This strong language indicates God's intense aversion to sin, particularly sins that harm others. It reflects God's holiness and His desire for His people to reflect His character in their actions.

the bloodthirsty
This term refers to those who are eager to shed innocent blood, a grave sin in the biblical worldview. In ancient Israel, the sanctity of life was paramount, and violence against the innocent was a direct violation of God's commandments. This phrase serves as a reminder of the value God places on human life and His commitment to justice for the oppressed.

and deceitful man
Deceitfulness is condemned throughout Scripture as it undermines trust and leads to discord. The Hebrew root "מִרְמָה" (mirmah) conveys a sense of treachery and betrayal. In a historical context, deceit was not only a personal failing but a threat to the community's stability. This phrase calls believers to pursue honesty and transparency in their dealings with others.

But I
The phrase "But I" introduces a personal declaration and contrast. In Hebrew, the word "I" is often used to emphasize the speaker's individual relationship with God. This personal pronoun signifies David's distinct choice to approach God differently than the wicked he describes earlier in the Psalm. It highlights the personal nature of faith and the individual responsibility to seek God.

by Your abundant loving devotion
The Hebrew word for "loving devotion" is "chesed," which is a rich term encompassing God's steadfast love, mercy, and covenant faithfulness. "Abundant" underscores the limitless and overflowing nature of God's love. This phrase emphasizes that David's approach to God is not based on his own merit but on God's gracious and faithful character. It reflects the covenant relationship between God and His people, where God's love is the foundation of their interaction.

will enter Your house
"Enter Your house" refers to coming into the presence of God, symbolized by the temple or tabernacle in ancient Israel. In the historical context, entering God's house was a privilege and a sacred act, reserved for those who were ceremonially clean and devoted to God. This phrase signifies worship, fellowship, and the desire to be near God. It reflects the believer's longing to dwell in God's presence and the assurance that, through God's grace, they are welcomed.

in reverence
The word "reverence" conveys a deep respect and awe for God. In Hebrew, it is often associated with fear, not in the sense of terror, but in recognizing God's holiness and majesty. This attitude of reverence is essential in worship, acknowledging God's greatness and our own humility. It is a reminder that approaching God requires a heart that honors Him above all.

I will bow down
"Bowing down" is an act of worship and submission. In the ancient Near Eastern culture, bowing was a physical expression of humility and respect before a superior. This phrase indicates David's acknowledgment of God's sovereignty and his own submission to God's will. It is a posture of worship that reflects the inner attitude of the heart.

toward Your holy temple
The "holy temple" represents the dwelling place of God among His people. In David's time, the temple was the central place of worship and the symbol of God's presence. This phrase signifies the direction of David's worship and prayer, focusing on God as the center of his life. It underscores the importance of directing our worship and devotion toward God, recognizing His holiness and the sacredness of His presence.

Lead me, O LORD
The phrase "Lead me, O LORD," is a heartfelt plea for divine guidance. The Hebrew word for "lead" is "nahal," which conveys the idea of being gently guided or led to a place of rest and refreshment. This reflects the psalmist's deep trust in God's ability to direct his path. In the historical context of ancient Israel, leaders were often seen as shepherds guiding their flock, and here, David acknowledges God as the ultimate Shepherd. This plea is not just for direction but for a journey that aligns with God's will, emphasizing the importance of seeking God's guidance in every aspect of life.

in Your righteousness
The term "in Your righteousness" underscores the moral and ethical nature of God's guidance. The Hebrew word "tsedaqah" refers to righteousness, justice, and the right order of things. David is asking to be led in a way that reflects God's character and standards. This is a recognition that true guidance comes from aligning oneself with God's righteous ways. In a conservative Christian perspective, this highlights the importance of living a life that mirrors God's holiness and justice, seeking to embody His righteousness in our daily actions and decisions.

because of my enemies
"Because of my enemies" indicates the presence of adversaries who threaten the psalmist. The Hebrew word "oyeb" refers to those who are hostile or opposed. In the historical context, David faced numerous enemies, both external and internal, who sought to undermine his kingship and relationship with God. This phrase acknowledges the reality of spiritual and physical opposition that believers face. It serves as a reminder that seeking God's guidance is crucial, especially when confronted with challenges and adversities, trusting that God will protect and lead us through the trials.

make straight Your way before me
The phrase "make straight Your way before me" is a request for clarity and directness in the path God sets. The Hebrew word "yashar" means to make straight or level, removing obstacles and providing a clear direction. This reflects a desire for a path that is free from confusion and misdirection, one that is aligned with God's purposes. In a conservative Christian view, this emphasizes the importance of walking in God's ways, seeking His wisdom to navigate life's complexities. It is a call to trust in God's providence, believing that He will make the way clear for those who earnestly seek Him.

For there is no truth in their mouths
This phrase highlights the deceitful nature of the wicked. The Hebrew word for "truth" here is "אֱמוּנָה" (emunah), which conveys a sense of faithfulness, reliability, and trustworthiness. In the context of the psalm, the absence of truth in their mouths indicates a fundamental lack of integrity and honesty. Historically, the psalmist, David, often faced adversaries who were deceitful, and this phrase underscores the spiritual and moral corruption that characterized his enemies. From a conservative Christian perspective, this serves as a reminder of the importance of truthfulness as a reflection of God's character, who is the ultimate embodiment of truth.

their inmost being is destruction
The phrase "inmost being" translates from the Hebrew "קֶרֶב" (qereb), which refers to the inner parts or the heart. This suggests that the core of these individuals is filled with "destruction," or "הַוּוֹת" (havvot), which can mean ruin or calamity. This imagery paints a picture of people whose very essence is bent towards chaos and harm. In a biblical context, this reflects the fallen nature of humanity, where sin corrupts the heart. For believers, it is a call to examine one's own heart and seek transformation through Christ, who offers a new heart and spirit.

their throat is an open grave
This vivid metaphor compares the throat of the wicked to an "open grave," suggesting that their words bring death and decay. The Hebrew word for "grave" is "קֶבֶר" (qeber), which signifies a place of burial. This imagery is powerful, evoking the stench and horror of death. In the ancient Near Eastern context, an open grave would be a source of impurity and defilement. For Christians, this serves as a warning about the power of words and the potential for speech to corrupt and destroy, contrasting with the life-giving words of Christ.

they flatter with their tongues
The act of flattering is captured by the Hebrew word "חָלַק" (chalaq), which means to be smooth or slippery. This suggests insincerity and manipulation, as flattery is often used to deceive or gain favor. In the biblical narrative, flattery is frequently associated with false prophets and those who lead others astray. From a conservative Christian viewpoint, this phrase warns against the dangers of deceitful speech and the importance of speaking truth in love, as exemplified by Jesus. It encourages believers to be discerning and to value sincerity and honesty in their interactions.

Declare them guilty
The phrase "Declare them guilty" in Psalm 5:10 is a plea for divine justice. The Hebrew root word here is "אַשֵּׁם" (asham), which means to be guilty or to bear guilt. In the context of ancient Israel, guilt was not just a legal status but a moral and spiritual condition. The psalmist is asking God to pronounce a verdict on the wicked, reflecting a deep trust in God's righteous judgment. This plea aligns with the broader biblical theme that God is the ultimate judge who discerns the hearts and actions of all people.

O God
The invocation "O God" is a direct appeal to the divine, emphasizing the personal relationship between the psalmist and the Creator. The Hebrew word used here is "אֱלֹהִים" (Elohim), a plural form that denotes majesty and power. This name for God underscores His sovereignty and authority over all creation. In the historical context, calling upon God in this manner reflects a deep-seated belief in His ability to intervene in human affairs and execute justice.

Let them fall by their own devices
The phrase "Let them fall by their own devices" suggests a poetic justice where the wicked are ensnared by their own schemes. The Hebrew word for "devices" is "מוֹעֵצוֹת" (moetzot), which can also mean plans or counsels. This reflects a biblical principle found throughout Scripture, where evil intentions often backfire on the perpetrator. The psalmist's request is not for arbitrary punishment but for a natural consequence of the wicked's actions, highlighting the moral order established by God.

Scatter them
"Scatter them" is a call for the dispersion and defeat of the wicked. The Hebrew root "פּוּץ" (puts) means to scatter or disperse. This imagery is often used in the Old Testament to describe the breaking up of enemy forces or the dispersion of those who oppose God's will. Historically, scattering was a form of divine judgment, as seen in the Tower of Babel narrative. The psalmist's use of this term underscores a desire for God to disrupt the unity and strength of those who do evil.

in the multitude of their transgressions
The phrase "in the multitude of their transgressions" highlights the abundance and severity of the sins committed by the wicked. The Hebrew word "רַב" (rav) means multitude or abundance, and "פֶּשַׁע" (pesha) refers to transgressions or rebellions. This indicates a willful and repeated defiance against God's laws. The psalmist is emphasizing that the sheer volume of their sins warrants divine intervention and judgment.

for they have rebelled against You
The concluding phrase "for they have rebelled against You" identifies the root cause of the wicked's guilt: rebellion against God. The Hebrew word "מָרָה" (marah) means to rebel or be contentious. This rebellion is not just against human authority but against God Himself, which is the ultimate act of defiance. In the biblical narrative, rebellion against God leads to separation from His presence and blessings. The psalmist's acknowledgment of this rebellion serves as a reminder of the seriousness of turning away from God's commandments and the inevitable consequences that follow.

But let all who take refuge in You
The phrase "take refuge" comes from the Hebrew root "חָסָה" (chasah), which conveys the idea of seeking shelter or protection. In ancient times, cities had strongholds or fortresses where people would flee for safety during attacks. Spiritually, this implies a deep trust and reliance on God as a protector and provider. The psalmist invites all believers to find their security and peace in God, emphasizing that true safety is found not in worldly structures but in the divine presence.

rejoice
The Hebrew word for "rejoice" is "שָׂמַח" (samach), which means to be glad or joyful. This joy is not merely an emotional response but a profound state of being that arises from the assurance of God's protection and love. In the context of the psalm, rejoicing is a natural outcome of taking refuge in God, highlighting the transformative power of divine security that turns fear into joy.

let them ever shout for joy
The phrase "shout for joy" is derived from the Hebrew "רָנַן" (ranan), which means to cry out or sing joyfully. This expression of joy is not silent or subdued but exuberant and vocal. Historically, such shouts were common in celebrations and victories, suggesting that those who trust in God experience a victory over their fears and adversities. The word "ever" indicates the perpetual nature of this joy, suggesting that it is not fleeting but enduring, rooted in the eternal nature of God's protection.

May You shelter them
The word "shelter" comes from the Hebrew "סָכַךְ" (sakak), meaning to cover or protect. This imagery evokes the idea of God as a protective covering, much like a mother bird shielding her young under her wings. In biblical times, the concept of shelter was vital for survival against harsh elements and enemies. Spiritually, it signifies God's encompassing care and the intimate relationship between the believer and the divine.

that those who love Your name
In Hebrew culture, a name was more than a label; it represented the essence and character of a person. To "love Your name" implies a deep reverence and affection for God's character and attributes. This love is not passive but active, manifesting in worship, obedience, and a desire to honor God in all aspects of life. It reflects a personal and covenantal relationship with God, where His name is cherished and revered.

may rejoice in You
The repetition of "rejoice" underscores the central theme of joy in God's presence. The phrase "in You" emphasizes that this joy is not based on external circumstances but is found in the relationship with God Himself. It is a joy that transcends situations, rooted in the assurance of God's unchanging nature and His faithful promises. This joy is both a gift and a response, a reflection of the believer's trust and love for God.

For surely
This phrase introduces a statement of certainty and assurance. In Hebrew, the word often translated as "surely" is "כִּי" (ki), which can also mean "indeed" or "truly." It emphasizes the psalmist's confidence in God's actions and character. This assurance is rooted in the covenant relationship between God and His people, reflecting a deep trust in God's promises.

You, O LORD
The use of "LORD" in all capital letters indicates the Hebrew name "YHWH" (Yahweh), the personal and covenantal name of God. This name signifies God's eternal existence and His faithfulness to His covenant. It is a reminder of God's unchanging nature and His commitment to His people. The psalmist addresses God directly, highlighting a personal relationship and reverence.

bless
The Hebrew word for "bless" is "בָּרַךְ" (barak), which means to confer prosperity or happiness. In the biblical context, blessing is not merely material wealth but encompasses spiritual well-being and divine favor. God's blessing is an active force in the lives of the righteous, bringing about His intended purposes and goodness.

the righteous
The term "righteous" comes from the Hebrew word "צַדִּיק" (tzaddik), referring to those who live in accordance with God's laws and maintain a right relationship with Him. Righteousness in the biblical sense involves both ethical conduct and a heart aligned with God's will. The psalmist acknowledges that God's blessings are particularly directed toward those who seek to live by His standards.

You surround them
The imagery of surrounding suggests protection and encirclement. The Hebrew root "סָבַב" (sabab) conveys the idea of encircling or encompassing. This indicates God's comprehensive care and defense, ensuring that the righteous are safeguarded from harm. It reflects the biblical theme of God as a refuge and fortress for His people.

with the shield
The word "shield" in Hebrew is "מָגֵן" (magen), a common metaphor for protection in the Psalms. In ancient times, a shield was a crucial part of a warrior's defense, symbolizing safety and security. This metaphor illustrates God's role as a protector, defending the righteous from spiritual and physical dangers.

of Your favor
The Hebrew word for "favor" is "רָצוֹן" (ratson), which can also mean goodwill, pleasure, or acceptance. God's favor implies His gracious disposition towards the righteous, granting them His approval and support. This favor is not earned but is a result of God's lovingkindness and mercy. It assures the righteous of God's presence and benevolence in their lives.