Revelation 20:13
New International Version
The sea gave up the dead that were in it, and death and Hades gave up the dead that were in them, and each person was judged according to what they had done.

New Living Translation
The sea gave up its dead, and death and the grave gave up their dead. And all were judged according to their deeds.

English Standard Version
And the sea gave up the dead who were in it, Death and Hades gave up the dead who were in them, and they were judged, each one of them, according to what they had done.

Berean Standard Bible
The sea gave up its dead, and Death and Hades gave up their dead, and each one was judged according to his deeds.

Berean Literal Bible
And the sea gave up the dead who were in it; and death and Hades gave up the dead who were in them; and each of them were judged according to their works.

King James Bible
And the sea gave up the dead which were in it; and death and hell delivered up the dead which were in them: and they were judged every man according to their works.

New King James Version
The sea gave up the dead who were in it, and Death and Hades delivered up the dead who were in them. And they were judged, each one according to his works.

New American Standard Bible
And the sea gave up the dead who were in it, and Death and Hades gave up the dead who were in them; and they were judged, each one of them according to their deeds.

NASB 1995
And the sea gave up the dead which were in it, and death and Hades gave up the dead which were in them; and they were judged, every one of them according to their deeds.

NASB 1977
And the sea gave up the dead which were in it, and death and Hades gave up the dead which were in them; and they were judged, every one of them according to their deeds.

Legacy Standard Bible
And the sea gave up the dead which were in it, and death and Hades gave up the dead which were in them, and they were judged, every one of them according to their deeds.

Amplified Bible
And the sea gave up the dead who were in it, and death and Hades (the realm of the dead) surrendered the dead who were in them; and they were judged and sentenced, every one according to their deeds.

Christian Standard Bible
Then the sea gave up the dead that were in it, and death and Hades gave up the dead that were in them; each one was judged according to their works.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Then the sea gave up its dead, and Death and Hades gave up their dead; all were judged according to their works.

American Standard Version
And the sea gave up the dead that were in it; and death and Hades gave up the dead that were in them: and they were judged every man according to their works.

Contemporary English Version
The sea gave up the dead people who were in it, and death and its kingdom also gave up their dead. Then everyone was judged by what they had done.

English Revised Version
And the sea gave up the dead which were in it; and death and Hades gave up the dead which were in them: and they were judged every man according to their works.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The sea gave up its dead. Death and hell gave up their dead. People were judged based on what they had done.

Good News Translation
Then the sea gave up its dead. Death and the world of the dead also gave up the dead they held. And all were judged according to what they had done.

International Standard Version
The sea gave up the dead that were in it, and Death and Hades gave up the dead that were in them, and all were judged according to their actions.

Majority Standard Bible
The sea gave up its dead, and Death and Hades gave up their dead, and each one was judged according to his deeds.

NET Bible
The sea gave up the dead that were in it, and Death and Hades gave up the dead that were in them, and each one was judged according to his deeds.

New Heart English Bible
The sea gave up the dead who were in it. Death and hell gave up the dead who were in them. They were judged, each one according to his works.

Webster's Bible Translation
And the sea gave up the dead which were in it; and death and hell delivered up the dead which were in them: and they were judged every man according to their works.

Weymouth New Testament
Then the sea yielded up the dead who were in it, Death and Hades yielded up the dead who were in them, and each man was judged in accordance with what his conduct had been.

World English Bible
The sea gave up the dead who were in it. Death and Hades gave up the dead who were in them. They were judged, each one according to his works.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and the sea gave up those dead in it, and death and Hades gave up the dead in them, and they were judged, each one according to their works;

Berean Literal Bible
And the sea gave up the dead who were in it; and death and Hades gave up the dead who were in them; and each of them were judged according to their works.

Young's Literal Translation
and the sea did give up those dead in it, and the death and the hades did give up the dead in them, and they were judged, each one according to their works;

Smith's Literal Translation
And the sea gave the dead in it; and death and hades gave the dead in them: and they were judged each one according to their works.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And the sea gave up the dead that were in it, and death and hell gave up their dead that were in them; and they were judged every one according to their works.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And the sea gave up the dead who were in it. And death and Hell gave up their dead who were in them. And they were judged, each one according to his works.

New American Bible
The sea gave up its dead; then Death and Hades gave up their dead. All the dead were judged according to their deeds.

New Revised Standard Version
And the sea gave up the dead that were in it, Death and Hades gave up the dead that were in them, and all were judged according to what they had done.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And the sea gave up the dead which were in it; and death and hell gave up the dead which were in them: and they were judged every man according to his works.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And the Sea yielded the dead which were in it, and Death and Sheol yielded the dead which were with them, and they were judged, one by one, according to their works.
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
And the sea gave up the dead that were in it; and death and hades gave up the dead that were in them; and they were judged, every one according to his works.

Godbey New Testament
And the sea gave up the dead who are in it; and death and Hades gave up the dead who were in them; and they were judged each according to their works.

Haweis New Testament
And the sea gave up the dead that were in it, and death and the grave gave up the dead that were in them; and every one was judged according to his works.

Mace New Testament
the sea gave up the dead which were in it; death and the grave delivered up the dead which were in them: and they were judged every one according to their works.

Weymouth New Testament
Then the sea yielded up the dead who were in it, Death and Hades yielded up the dead who were in them, and each man was judged in accordance with what his conduct had been.

Worrell New Testament
And the sea gave up the dead that were in it, and Death and Hades gave up the dead that were in them; and they were judged, every one, according to their works.

Worsley New Testament
And the sea gave up the dead that were in it; and death and Hades gave up the dead that were in them: and they were judged every one according to their works.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Final Judgment
12And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne. And there were open books, and one of them was the Book of Life. And the dead were judged according to their deeds, as recorded in the books. 13 The sea gave up its dead, and Death and Hades gave up their dead, and each one was judged according to his deeds. 14Then Death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire. This is the second death—the lake of fire.…

Cross References
Daniel 12:2
And many who sleep in the dust of the earth will awake, some to everlasting life, but others to shame and everlasting contempt.

John 5:28-29
Do not be amazed at this, for the hour is coming when all who are in their graves will hear His voice / and come out—those who have done good to the resurrection of life, and those who have done evil to the resurrection of judgment.

Matthew 25:31-46
When the Son of Man comes in His glory, and all the angels with Him, He will sit on His glorious throne. / All the nations will be gathered before Him, and He will separate the people one from another, as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. / He will place the sheep on His right and the goats on His left. ...

1 Corinthians 15:52
in an instant, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed.

Romans 2:6-8
God “will repay each one according to his deeds.” / To those who by perseverance in doing good seek glory, honor, and immortality, He will give eternal life. / But for those who are self-seeking and who reject the truth and follow wickedness, there will be wrath and anger.

2 Corinthians 5:10
For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, that each one may receive his due for the things done in the body, whether good or bad.

Acts 24:15
and I have the same hope in God that they themselves cherish, that there will be a resurrection of both the righteous and the wicked.

Matthew 12:36
But I tell you that men will give an account on the day of judgment for every careless word they have spoken.

Luke 12:47-48
That servant who knows his master’s will but does not get ready or follow his instructions will be beaten with many blows. / But the one who unknowingly does things worthy of punishment will be beaten with few blows. From everyone who has been given much, much will be required; and from him who has been entrusted with much, even more will be demanded.

Ecclesiastes 12:14
For God will bring every deed into judgment, along with every hidden thing, whether good or evil.

Psalm 62:12
and loving devotion to You, O Lord. For You will repay each man according to his deeds.

Jeremiah 17:10
I, the LORD, search the heart; I examine the mind to reward a man according to his way, by what his deeds deserve.

Ezekiel 18:30
Therefore, O house of Israel, I will judge you, each according to his ways, declares the Lord GOD. Repent and turn from all your transgressions, so that your iniquity will not become your downfall.

Isaiah 26:19
Your dead will live; their bodies will rise. Awake and sing, you who dwell in the dust! For your dew is like the dew of the morning, and the earth will bring forth her dead.

Job 19:25-27
But I know that my Redeemer lives, and in the end He will stand upon the earth. / Even after my skin has been destroyed, yet in my flesh I will see God. / I will see Him for myself; my eyes will behold Him, and not as a stranger. How my heart yearns within me!


Treasury of Scripture

And the sea gave up the dead which were in it; and death and hell delivered up the dead which were in them: and they were judged every man according to their works.

the sea.

John 5:28,29
Marvel not at this: for the hour is coming, in the which all that are in the graves shall hear his voice, …

and death.

Revelation 20:14
And death and hell were cast into the lake of fire. This is the second death.

Revelation 6:8
And I looked, and behold a pale horse: and his name that sat on him was Death, and Hell followed with him. And power was given unto them over the fourth part of the earth, to kill with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the beasts of the earth.

Hosea 13:14
I will ransom them from the power of the grave; I will redeem them from death: O death, I will be thy plagues; O grave, I will be thy destruction: repentance shall be hid from mine eyes.

hell.

1 Corinthians 15:55
O death, where is thy sting? O grave, where is thy victory?

and they.

Revelation 20:12
And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God; and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of those things which were written in the books, according to their works.

Jump to Previous
Accordance Conduct Dead Death Deeds Delivered Hades Hell Judged Sea Works Yielded
Jump to Next
Accordance Conduct Dead Death Deeds Delivered Hades Hell Judged Sea Works Yielded
Revelation 20
1. Satan bound for a thousand years.
6. The first resurrection;
7. Satan let loose again.
8. Gog and Magog.
10. The demons cast into the lake of fire and brimstone.
11. The last and general resurrection.














The sea gave up its dead
The phrase "the sea" in biblical literature often symbolizes chaos, mystery, and the unknown. In ancient times, the sea was seen as a formidable force, representing the depths of the earth and the unknown. The Greek word used here is "θάλασσα" (thalassa), which can refer to a literal body of water or metaphorically to the realm of the dead. This imagery suggests that no place is beyond God's reach, and even those who perished in the sea will be resurrected for judgment. The sea giving up its dead signifies the comprehensive nature of the resurrection, where all who have died, regardless of where or how, will be brought forth.

and Death and Hades gave up their dead
"Death" and "Hades" are personified here, indicating their temporary dominion over humanity. "Death" (Greek: "θάνατος," thanatos) is the state of physical cessation of life, while "Hades" (Greek: "ᾅδης," hades) refers to the abode of the dead, akin to the Hebrew "Sheol." In the context of Revelation, these entities are not ultimate powers but are subject to God's authority. The act of them giving up their dead underscores the temporary nature of their hold over humanity. It reflects the Christian belief in the resurrection, where death is not the end but a transition to eternal life or judgment.

and each one was judged according to his deeds
This phrase emphasizes individual accountability before God. The Greek word for "judged" is "κρίσις" (krisis), which implies a decision or verdict. The concept of being judged "according to his deeds" aligns with the biblical teaching that while salvation is by grace through faith, deeds are evidence of one's faith and relationship with God. This judgment is not about earning salvation but about the demonstration of faith through actions. It serves as a reminder of the moral and ethical responsibilities of believers, encouraging a life that reflects the teachings of Christ.

Verse 13. - And the sea gave up the dead which were in it. It is difficult to decide upon the exact signification of this clause.

(1) It may be inserted in order to show the universal nature of this resurrection, although it may not, in conjunction with the next part of the verse, constitute a strictly logical classification of the dead.

(2) The sea being a type of the ungodly nations, the sentence may mean those spiritually dead, but living on the earth at the time of the judgment. The next clause seems to support this view. And death and hell delivered up the dead which were in them; death and Hades (see Revelation 1:18; Revelation 6:8). As in Revelation 6:8, the two - really one - are mentioned separately, the latter being looked upon as the guard house of those whom the former has seized. This clause, taken in conjunction with the preceding one, may mean - From the ungodly nations, those physically living but spiritually dead were called up for judgment, and also those who were actually dead, having been seized by death and Hades. And they were judged every man according to their works. A solemn repetition of ver. 12 (which see).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
The
(hē)
Article - Nominative Feminine Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

sea
θάλασσα (thalassa)
Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Strong's 2281: Probably prolonged from hals; the sea.

gave up
ἔδωκεν (edōken)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 1325: To offer, give; I put, place. A prolonged form of a primary verb; to give.

its
αὐτῇ (autē)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Feminine 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 846: He, she, it, they, them, same. From the particle au; the reflexive pronoun self, used of the third person, and of the other persons.

dead,
νεκροὺς (nekrous)
Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural
Strong's 3498: (a) adj: dead, lifeless, subject to death, mortal, (b) noun: a dead body, a corpse. From an apparently primary nekus; dead.

and
καὶ (kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

Death
θάνατος (thanatos)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2288: Death, physical or spiritual. From thnesko; death.

and
καὶ (kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

Hades
ᾅδης (hadēs)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 86: Hades, the unseen world. Properly, unseen, i.e. 'Hades' or the place of departed souls.

gave up
ἔδωκαν (edōkan)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural
Strong's 1325: To offer, give; I put, place. A prolonged form of a primary verb; to give.

[their]
τοὺς (tous)
Article - Accusative Masculine Plural
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

dead,
νεκροὺς (nekrous)
Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural
Strong's 3498: (a) adj: dead, lifeless, subject to death, mortal, (b) noun: a dead body, a corpse. From an apparently primary nekus; dead.

and
καὶ (kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

each [one]
ἕκαστος (hekastos)
Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 1538: Each (of more than two), every one. As if a superlative of hekas; each or every.

was judged
ἐκρίθησαν (ekrithēsan)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Plural
Strong's 2919: Properly, to distinguish, i.e. Decide; by implication, to try, condemn, punish.

according to
κατὰ (kata)
Preposition
Strong's 2596: A primary particle; down, in varied relations (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined).

his
αὐτῶν (autōn)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Plural
Strong's 846: He, she, it, they, them, same. From the particle au; the reflexive pronoun self, used of the third person, and of the other persons.

deeds.
ἔργα (erga)
Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural
Strong's 2041: From a primary ergo; toil; by implication, an act.


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NT Prophecy: Revelation 20:13 The sea gave up the dead who (Rev. Re Apocalypse)
Revelation 20:12
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