Strong's Lexicon ge: indeed, at least, even, yet Original Word: γέ Word Origin: A primary particle of emphasis or qualification Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: While there is no direct Hebrew equivalent for the Greek particle "γέ," similar emphatic particles in Hebrew include "אַף" (aph, Strong's H637) and "גַּם" (gam, Strong's H1571), which are used to add emphasis or to highlight a point in a sentence. Usage: The Greek particle "γέ" (ge) is used to add emphasis or to qualify a statement. It often serves to highlight a particular word or phrase, providing a sense of certainty or contrast. In English, it can be translated as "indeed," "at least," "even," or "yet," depending on the context. It is a subtle particle that can alter the nuance of a sentence, underscoring the speaker's intent or the importance of the statement. Cultural and Historical Background: In ancient Greek literature, particles like "γέ" were commonly used to convey emphasis or to draw attention to specific elements within a sentence. This usage is consistent with the rhetorical and philosophical traditions of the time, where precision and emphasis in language were highly valued. In the context of the New Testament, "γέ" serves to underscore theological truths or moral teachings, reflecting the emphasis placed on certain doctrines or ethical instructions. HELPS Word-studies 1065 gé – an emphatic particle meaning at least, indeed. 1065 (gé) adds the idea "assuredly (really)" which stresses the salient part of a comparison (a two-part statement). 1065 (gé) emphasizes "the key idea/word that follows it" (R, 1148; Bäumlein, 54). NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origina prim. encl. part. Definition emphasizes the word to which it is joined NASB Translation indeed (4), indeed* (1), least* (1), so (1), though* (1), well (1), yet (2). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 1065: γέγέ, an enclitic particle, answering exactly to no one word in Latin or English; used by the Biblical writers much more rarely than by Greek writers. How the Greeks use it, is shown by (among others) Hermann ad Vig., p. 822ff; Klotz ad Devar. ii. 1, p. 272ff; Rost in Passow's Lexicon, i., p. 538ff; (Liddell and Scott, under the word; T. S. Evans in Journ. of class. and sacr. Philol. for 1857, pp. 187ff). It indicates that the meaning of the word to which it belongs has special prominence, and therefore that that word is to be distinguished from the rest of the sentence and uttered with greater emphasis. This distinction "can be made in two ways, by mentioning either the least important or the most; thus it happens that γέ seems to have contrary significations: 'at least' and 'even'" (Hermann, the passage cited, p. 822). 1. where what is least is indicated; indeed, truly, at least: διά γέ τήν ἀναίδειαν, Luke 11:8 (where, since the force of the statement lies in the substantive not in the preposition, the Greek should have read διά τήν γέ ἀναίδειαν, cf. Klotz, the passage cited, p. 327; Rost, the passage cited, p. 542; (Liddell and Scott, under the word IV.)); διά γέ τό παρέχειν μοι κόπον, at least for this reason, that she troubleth me (A. V. yet because etc.), Luke 18:5 (better Greek διά τό γέ etc.). 2. where what is most or greatest is indicated; even: ὅς γέ the very one who etc., precisely he who etc. (German deresjaist,welcher etc.), Romans 8:32; cf. Klotz, the passage cited, p. 305; Matthiae, Lex. Euripides i., p. 613f. 3. joined to other particles it strengthens their force; a. ἀλλά γέ (so most editions) or ἀλλαγε (Griesbach) (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 5, 2): Luke 24:21; 1 Corinthians 9:2; see ἀλλά, I. 10. b. ἄρα γέ or ἄραγε, see ἄρα, 4. ἄρα γέ, see ἄρα, the passage cited εἴγε (so G T, but L Tr WH εἰ γέ; cf. Winers Grammar, as above; Lipsius Gram. Unters., p. 123), followed by the indicative if indeed, seeing that, of a thing believed to be correctly assumed (Herm. ad Vig., p. 831; cf. Fritzsche, Praeliminarien as above with p. 67ff; Anger, Laodicenerbrief, p. 46; (Winer's Grammar, 448 (417f). Others hold that Hermann's statement does not apply to the N. T. instances. According to Meyer (see notes on 2 Corinthians 5:3; Ephesians 3:2; Galatians 3:4) the certainty of the assumption resides not in the particle but in the context; so Ellicott (on Galatians, the passage cited; also Ephesians, the passage cited); cf. Lightfoot on Galatians, the passage cited; Colossians 1:23. Hermann's canon, though assented to by Bornemann (Cyrop. 2, 2, 3, p. 132), Stallbaum (Meno, p. 36), others, is qualified by Bäumlein (Partikeln, p. 64f), who holds that γέ often has no other effect than to emphasize the condition expressed by εἰ; cf. also Winer edition Moulton, p. 561)), if, that is to say; on the assumption that (see εἴπερ under the word εἰ, III. 13): Ephesians 3:2; Ephesians 4:21; Colossians 1:23; with καί added, if that also, if it be indeed (German wenndennauch): εἴγε (L Tr WH marginal reading εἰ περ) καί ἐνδυσάμενοι, οὐ γυμνοί εὑρεθησόμεθα if indeed we shall be found actually clothed (with a new body), not naked, 2 Corinthians 5:3 (cf. Meyer at the passage); εἴγε καί εἰκῇ namely, τοσαῦτα ἐπάθετε, if indeed, as I believe, ye have experienced such benefits in vain, and have not already received harm from your inclination to Judaism, Galatians 3:4 (yet cf. Meyer, Ellicott, Lightfoot, others at the passage). d. εἰ δέ μήγε (or εἰ δέ μή γέ Lachmann Treg.) (also in Plato, Aristophanes, Plutarch, others; cf. Bornemann, Scholia ad Luc., p. 95; Klotz ad Devar. ii. 2, p. 527), stronger than εἰ δέ μή (Buttmann, 393 (336f); cf. Winer's Grammar, 583 (543); 605 (563); Meyer on 2 Corinthians 11:16), a. after affirmative sentences, but unless perchance, but if not: Matthew 6:1; Luke 10:6; Luke 13:9. b. after negative sentences, otherwise, else, in the contrary event: Matthew 9:17 Luke 5:36; Luke 14:32; 2 Corinthians 11:16. e. καίγε (so G T, but L Tr WH καί γέ; cf. references under εἴγε above) (cf. Klotz ad Devar. ii. 1, p. 319; (Winers Grammar, 438 (408))), a. and at least: Luke 19:42 (Tr text WH omit; L Tr marginal reading brackets). b. and truly, yea indeed, yea and: Acts 2:18; Acts 17:27 L T Tr WH. f. καίτοιγε (so G T WH, but L καίτοι γέ, Tr καί τοι γέ; cf. references under c. above. Cf. Klotz ad Devar. ii. 2, p. 654; Winers Grammar, 444 (413)), although indeed, and yet indeed: John 4:2; also in Acts 14:17 (R G); STRONGS NT 1065: διάγεδιάγε, see γέ, 1. STRONGS NT 1065: μήγεμήγε, εἰ δέ μήγε, see γέ, 3 d. STRONGS NT 1065: ὅσγεὅσγε, for ὅς γέ, see γέ, 2. STRONGS NT 1065: τοιγετοιγε in καίτοιγε, see γέ, 3 f. A primary particle of emphasis or qualification (often used with other particles prefixed) -- and besides, doubtless, at least, yet. Englishman's Concordance Luke 11:8 PrtclGRK: αὐτοῦ διά γε τὴν ἀναίδειαν NAS: he is his friend, yet because KJV: his friend, yet because of his INT: of him because of yet the persistence Luke 18:5 Prtcl Luke 24:21 Prtcl Acts 2:18 Prtcl Acts 8:30 Prtcl Acts 17:27 Prtcl Acts 17:27 Prtcl Romans 8:32 Prtcl 1 Corinthians 4:8 Prtcl 1 Corinthians 9:2 Prtcl 2 Corinthians 5:3 Prtcl Galatians 3:4 Prtcl Ephesians 3:2 Prtcl Ephesians 4:21 Prtcl Philippians 3:8 Prtcl Colossians 1:23 Prtcl |
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