Ezekiel 18:11
New International Version
(though the father has done none of them): “He eats at the mountain shrines. He defiles his neighbor’s wife.

New Living Translation
And that son does all the evil things his father would never do—he worships idols on the mountains, commits adultery,

English Standard Version
(though he himself did none of these things), who even eats upon the mountains, defiles his neighbor’s wife,

Berean Standard Bible
though the father has done none of them: Indeed, the son eats at the mountain and defiles his neighbor’s wife.

King James Bible
And that doeth not any of those duties, but even hath eaten upon the mountains, and defiled his neighbour's wife,

New King James Version
And does none of those duties, But has eaten on the mountains Or defiled his neighbor’s wife;

New American Standard Bible
(though he himself did not do any of these things), that is, he even eats at the mountain shrines, and defiles his neighbor’s wife,

NASB 1995
(though he himself did not do any of these things), that is, he even eats at the mountain shrines, and defiles his neighbor’s wife,

NASB 1977
(though he himself did not do any of these things), that is, he even eats at the mountain shrines, and defiles his neighbor’s wife,

Legacy Standard Bible
(though he himself did not do any of these things), that is, he even eats at the mountain shrines and defiles his neighbor’s wife;

Amplified Bible
(though the father did not do any of these things), that is, the son even eats [the food set before idols] at the mountain shrines, and defiles his neighbor’s wife,

Christian Standard Bible
though the father has done none of them. Indeed, when the son eats at the mountain shrines and defiles his neighbor’s wife,

Holman Christian Standard Bible
though the father has done none of them. Indeed, when the son eats at the mountain shrines and defiles his neighbor’s wife,

American Standard Version
and that doeth not any of those duties, but even hath eaten upon the mountains, and defiled his neighbor's wife,

Contemporary English Version
his father never did. He eats meat at local shrines, has sex with someone else's wife,

English Revised Version
and that doeth not any of those duties, but even hath eaten upon the mountains, and defiled his neighbour's wife,

GOD'S WORD® Translation
that his father never did. He eats at the illegal mountain worship sites. He dishonors his neighbor's wife.

Good News Translation
that the father never did. He eats sacrifices offered at forbidden shrines and seduces other men's wives.

International Standard Version
even though the father hasn't done any of these things. The son who eats at mountain shrines, defiles his neighbor's wife,

Majority Standard Bible
though the father has done none of them: Indeed, the son eats at the mountain and defiles his neighbor’s wife.

NET Bible
(though the father did not do any of them). He eats pagan sacrifices on the mountains, defiles his neighbor's wife,

New Heart English Bible
and who does not any of those duties, but even has eaten on the mountains, and defiled his neighbor's wife,

Webster's Bible Translation
And that doeth not any of those duties, but even hath eaten upon the mountains, and defiled his neighbor's wife,

World English Bible
or who does not do any of those things but has eaten at the mountain shrines and defiled his neighbor’s wife,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And he has not done all those, "" For he has even eaten on the mountains, "" And he has defiled his neighbor’s wife,

Young's Literal Translation
And he all those hath not done, For even on the mountains he hath eaten, And the wife of his neighbour he hath defiled,

Smith's Literal Translation
And he doing not all these, but eating upon the mountains and defiling his neighbor's wife,
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Though he doth not all these things, but that eateth upon the mountains, and that defileth his neighbour's wife:

Catholic Public Domain Version
(even though he himself does not do any of these things,) and who eats upon the mountains, and who defiles the wife of his neighbor,

New American Bible
even though the father does none of them—a son who eats on the mountains, defiles the wife of his neighbor,

New Revised Standard Version
who does any of these things (though his father does none of them), who eats upon the mountains, defiles his neighbor’s wife,
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And eats the meat sacrificed to idols on the mountains, and defiles his neighbor's wife,

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And he will eat on the mountains or will defile the wife of his neighbor
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
whereas he himself had not done any of these things, for he hath even eaten upon the mountains, and defiled his neighbour's wife,

Brenton Septuagint Translation
who has not walked in the way of his righteous father, but has even eaten upon the mountains, and has defiled his neighbor's wife,

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
A Proverb about Israel
10Now suppose that man has a violent son, who sheds blood or does any of these things, 11though the father has done none of them: Indeed, the son eats at the mountain and defiles his neighbor’s wife. 12He oppresses the poor and needy; he commits robbery and does not restore a pledge. He lifts his eyes to idols; he commits abominations.…

Cross References
Deuteronomy 24:16
Fathers shall not be put to death for their children, nor children for their fathers; each is to die for his own sin.

2 Kings 14:6
Yet he did not put the sons of the murderers to death, but acted according to what is written in the Book of the Law of Moses, where the LORD commanded: “Fathers must not be put to death for their children, and children must not be put to death for their fathers; each is to die for his own sin.”

Jeremiah 31:29-30
“In those days, it will no longer be said: ‘The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the teeth of the children are set on edge.’ / Instead, each will die for his own iniquity. If anyone eats the sour grapes, his own teeth will be set on edge.

Romans 2:6-9
God “will repay each one according to his deeds.” / To those who by perseverance in doing good seek glory, honor, and immortality, He will give eternal life. / But for those who are self-seeking and who reject the truth and follow wickedness, there will be wrath and anger. ...

Galatians 6:7-8
Do not be deceived: God is not to be mocked. Whatever a man sows, he will reap in return. / The one who sows to please his flesh, from the flesh will reap destruction; but the one who sows to please the Spirit, from the Spirit will reap eternal life.

Proverbs 21:13
Whoever shuts his ears to the cry of the poor, he too shall cry out and receive no answer.

Matthew 16:27
For the Son of Man will come in His Father’s glory with His angels, and then He will repay each one according to what he has done.

2 Corinthians 5:10
For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, that each one may receive his due for the things done in the body, whether good or bad.

Colossians 3:25
Whoever does wrong will be repaid for his wrong, and there is no favoritism.

Revelation 20:12-13
And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne. And books were opened, and one of them was the Book of Life. And the dead were judged according to their deeds, as recorded in the books. / The sea gave up its dead, and Death and Hades gave up their dead, and each one was judged according to his deeds.

Exodus 20:5
You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on their children to the third and fourth generations of those who hate Me,

Numbers 14:18
‘The LORD is slow to anger and abounding in loving devotion, forgiving iniquity and transgression. Yet He will by no means leave the guilty unpunished; He will visit the iniquity of the fathers upon their children to the third and fourth generation.’

Isaiah 3:10-11
Tell the righteous it will be well with them, for they will enjoy the fruit of their labor. / Woe to the wicked; disaster is upon them! For they will be repaid with what their hands have done.

Jeremiah 32:18-19
You show loving devotion to thousands but lay the iniquity of the fathers into the laps of their children after them, O great and mighty God whose name is the LORD of Hosts, / the One great in counsel and mighty in deed, whose eyes are on all the ways of the sons of men, to reward each one according to his ways and according to the fruit of his deeds.

Ezekiel 33:18-19
If a righteous man turns from his righteousness and commits iniquity, he will die for it. / But if a wicked man turns from his wickedness and does what is just and right, he will live because of this.


Treasury of Scripture

And that does not any of those duties, but even has eaten on the mountains, and defiled his neighbor's wife,

that

Ezekiel 18:7
And hath not oppressed any, but hath restored to the debtor his pledge, hath spoiled none by violence, hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment;

Matthew 7:21-27
Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of heaven; but he that doeth the will of my Father which is in heaven…

Luke 11:28
But he said, Yea rather, blessed are they that hear the word of God, and keep it.

eaten

Ezekiel 18:6,15
And hath not eaten upon the mountains, neither hath lifted up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, neither hath defiled his neighbour's wife, neither hath come near to a menstruous woman, …

1 Kings 13:8,22
And the man of God said unto the king, If thou wilt give me half thine house, I will not go in with thee, neither will I eat bread nor drink water in this place: …

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Ezekiel 18
1. God defends his justice
31. and exhorts to repentance














though the father has done none of these things
This phrase emphasizes the individual responsibility and accountability in the eyes of God. In the Hebrew context, the word for "father" (אָב, 'av) is significant, as it often represents the head of the family or lineage. The phrase underscores the principle that each person is judged by their own actions, not by the deeds of their ancestors. This was a radical departure from the prevailing belief in collective punishment or inherited guilt, which was common in ancient Near Eastern cultures. Theologically, it highlights God's justice and fairness, affirming that each soul is responsible for its own sin.

Indeed, the son eats at the mountain shrines
The "mountain shrines" refer to the high places where idolatrous worship was often conducted. The Hebrew word for "eats" (אָכַל, 'akal) implies participation in pagan rituals, which often included sacrificial meals. This act of eating at the shrines symbolizes a rejection of the covenant relationship with Yahweh and an embrace of idolatry. Historically, these high places were a persistent issue in Israel's history, representing a continual temptation to forsake the worship of the one true God. The phrase serves as a warning against syncretism and the dangers of compromising one's faith.

defiles his neighbor’s wife
This phrase addresses the sin of adultery, which is a direct violation of the Ten Commandments. The Hebrew word for "defiles" (טָמֵא, tame) conveys a sense of impurity and moral corruption. Adultery not only breaks the marital covenant but also disrupts the social and spiritual fabric of the community. In the biblical context, marriage is a sacred institution ordained by God, and its violation is seen as an affront to divine order. This phrase serves as a reminder of the sanctity of marriage and the importance of fidelity, reflecting God's desire for holiness in personal relationships.

Verse 11. - The word "duties" is not in the Hebrew, but is legitimately introduced as expressing Ezekiel's meaning, where the mere pronoun by itself would have been ambiguous. In English we might say, "He does these things: he does not do those;" but this does not fall in with the Hebrew idiom.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
though the father
וְה֕וּא (wə·hū)
Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1931: He, self, the same, this, that, as, are

has done
עָשָׂ֑ה (‘ā·śāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 6213: To do, make

none
כָּל־ (kāl-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

of them:
אֵ֖לֶּה (’êl·leh)
Pronoun - common plural
Strong's 428: These, those

‘Indeed,
גַ֤ם (ḡam)
Conjunction
Strong's 1571: Assemblage, also, even, yea, though, both, and

the son eats
אָכַ֔ל (’ā·ḵal)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 398: To eat

at
אֶל־ (’el-)
Preposition
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

the mountain
הֶֽהָרִים֙ (he·hā·rîm)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 2022: Mountain, hill, hill country

and defiles
טִמֵּֽא׃ (ṭim·mê)
Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 2930: To be or become unclean

his neighbor’s
רֵעֵ֖הוּ (rê·‘ê·hū)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 7453: Friend, companion, fellow

wife.
אֵ֥שֶׁת (’ê·šeṯ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female


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OT Prophets: Ezekiel 18:11 And who does not any of those (Ezek. Eze Ezk)
Ezekiel 18:10
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