Ruth 4:7
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Attesting Changing Confirm Confirming Custom Drew Earlier Exchange Exchanging Israel Manner Matter Neighbor Neighbour Party Plucked Property Redeeming Redemption Removed Sandal Shoe Testimony Time Times Transfer
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Attesting Changing Confirm Confirming Custom Drew Earlier Exchange Exchanging Israel Manner Matter Neighbor Neighbour Party Plucked Property Redeeming Redemption Removed Sandal Shoe Testimony Time Times Transfer
Parallel Verses
English Standard Version
Now this was the custom in former times in Israel concerning redeeming and exchanging: to confirm a transaction, the one drew off his sandal and gave it to the other, and this was the manner of attesting in Israel.

New American Standard Bible
Now this was the custom in former times in Israel concerning the redemption and the exchange of land to confirm any matter: a man removed his sandal and gave it to another; and this was the manner of attestation in Israel.

King James Bible
Now this was the manner in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning changing, for to confirm all things; a man plucked off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour: and this was a testimony in Israel.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
At an earlier period in Israel, a man removed his sandal and gave it to the other party in order to make any matter legally binding concerning the right of redemption or the exchange of property. This was the method of legally binding a transaction in Israel.

International Standard Version
During Israel's earlier history, all things concerning redeeming or changing inheritances were confirmed by a man taking off his sandal and giving it to the other party, thereby creating a public record in Israel.

NET Bible
(Now this used to be the customary way to finalize a transaction involving redemption in Israel: A man would remove his sandal and give it to the other party. This was a legally binding act in Israel.)

GOD'S WORD® Translation
(This is the way it used to be in Israel concerning buying back property and exchanging goods: In order to make every matter legal, a man would take off his sandal and give it to the other man. This was the way a contract was publicly approved in Israel.)

King James 2000 Bible
Now this was the manner in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning exchanging, for to confirm all things; a man took off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbor: and this was a testimony in Israel.

American King James Version
Now this was the manner in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning changing, for to confirm all things; a man plucked off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbor: and this was a testimony in Israel.

American Standard Version
Now this was the custom in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning exchanging, to confirm all things: a man drew off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbor; and this was the manner of attestation in Israel.

Douay-Rheims Bible
Now this in former times was the manner in Israel between kinsmen, that if at any time one yielded his right to another: that the grant might be sure, the man put off his shoe, and gave it to his neighhour; this was a testimony of cession of right in Israel.

Darby Bible Translation
Now this was the custom in former time in Israel concerning redemption and concerning exchange, to confirm the whole matter: a man drew off his sandal, and gave it to his neighbour, and this was the mode of attestation in Israel.

English Revised Version
Now this was the custom in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning exchanging, for to confirm all things; a man drew off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour: and this was the manner of attestation in Israel.

Webster's Bible Translation
Now this was the manner in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning changing, for confirming all things; a man plucked off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbor: and this was a testimony in Israel.

World English Bible
Now this was [the custom] in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning exchanging, to confirm all things: a man took off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbor; and this was the [way of] attestation in Israel.

Young's Literal Translation
And this is formerly in Israel for redemption and for changing, to establish anything: a man hath drawn off his sandal, and given it to his neighbour, and this is the testimony in Israel.
Lexicon
Now this was the manner in former time
paniym  (paw-neem')
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.)
in Israel
Yisra'el  (yis-raw-ale')
he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity: --Israel.
concerning redeeming
gullah  (gheh-ool-law')
redemption (including the right and the object); by implication, relationship -- kindred, redeem, redemption, right.
and concerning changing
tmuwrah  (tem-oo-raw')
barter, compensation -- (ex-)change(-ing), recompense, restitution.
for to confirm
quwm  (koom)
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
all things
dabar  (daw-baw')
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
a man
'iysh  (eesh)
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
plucked off
shalaph  (saw-laf')
to pull out, up or off -- draw (off), grow up, pluck off.
his shoe
na`al  (nah'-al)
a sandal tongue; by extens. a sandal or slipper (sometimes as a symbol of occupancy, a refusal to marry, or of something valueless)
and gave
nathan  (naw-than')
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
it to his neighbour
rea`  (ray'-ah)
an associate (more or less close) -- brother, companion, fellow, friend, husband, lover, neighbour, (an-)other.
and this was a testimony
t`uwdah  (teh-oo-daw')
attestation, i.e. a precept, usage -- testimony.
in Israel
Yisra'el  (yis-raw-ale')
he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity: --Israel.
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