2 Samuel 22:32
New International Version
For who is God besides the LORD? And who is the Rock except our God?

New Living Translation
For who is God except the LORD? Who but our God is a solid rock?

English Standard Version
“For who is God, but the LORD? And who is a rock, except our God?

Berean Standard Bible
For who is God besides the LORD? And who is the Rock except our God?

King James Bible
For who is God, save the LORD? and who is a rock, save our God?

New King James Version
“For who is God, except the LORD? And who is a rock, except our God?

New American Standard Bible
“For who is God, except the LORD? And who is a rock, except our God?

NASB 1995
“For who is God, besides the LORD? And who is a rock, besides our God?

NASB 1977
“For who is God, besides the LORD? And who is a rock, besides our God?

Legacy Standard Bible
For who is God, but Yahweh? And who is a rock, but our God?

Amplified Bible
“For who is God, besides the LORD? And who is a rock, besides our God?

Christian Standard Bible
For who is God besides the LORD? And who is a rock? Only our God.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
For who is God besides the LORD? And who is a rock? Only our God.

American Standard Version
For who is God, save Jehovah? And who is a rock, save our God?

Contemporary English Version
You alone are God! Only you are a mighty rock.

English Revised Version
For who is God, save the LORD? and who is a rock, save our God?

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Who is God but the LORD? Who is a rock other than our God?

Good News Translation
The LORD alone is God; God alone is our defense.

International Standard Version
For who is God apart from the LORD? And who is a Rock, apart from our God?

Majority Standard Bible
For who is God besides the LORD? And who is the Rock except our God?

NET Bible
Indeed, who is God besides the LORD? Who is a protector besides our God?

New Heart English Bible
For who is God, besides the LORD? Who is a rock, besides our God,

Webster's Bible Translation
For who is God, save the LORD? and who is a rock, save our God?

World English Bible
For who is God, besides Yahweh? Who is a rock, besides our God?
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
For who is God except YHWH? And who [is the] Rock except our God?

Young's Literal Translation
For who is God save Jehovah? And who a Rock save our God?

Smith's Literal Translation
For who God besides Jehovah? And who a rock besides our God?
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Who is God but the Lord: and who is strong but our God?

Catholic Public Domain Version
Who is God except the Lord? And who is strong except our God?

New American Bible
Truly, who is God except the LORD? Who but our God is the rock?

New Revised Standard Version
For who is God, but the LORD? And who is a rock, except our God?
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
For there is no God except the LORD. And there is no one who is mighty but our God.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Because there is no God outside of LORD JEHOVAH, and there is none who is mighty but only our God!
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
For who is God, save the LORD? And who is a Rock, save our God?

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Who is strong, but the Lord? and who will be a Creator except our God?

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
David's Song of Deliverance
31As for God, His way is perfect; the word of the LORD is flawless. He is a shield to all who take refuge in Him. 32For who is God besides the LORD? And who is the Rock except our God? 33God is my strong fortress and He makes my way clear.…

Cross References
Psalm 18:31
For who is God besides the LORD? And who is the Rock except our God?

Deuteronomy 32:4
He is the Rock, His work is perfect; all His ways are just. A God of faithfulness without injustice, righteous and upright is He.

Isaiah 44:8
Do not tremble or fear. Have I not told you and declared it long ago? You are My witnesses! Is there any God but Me? There is no other Rock; I know not one.”

Isaiah 45:5-6
I am the LORD, and there is no other; there is no God but Me. I will equip you for battle, though you have not known Me, / so that all may know, from where the sun rises to where it sets, that there is none but Me; I am the LORD, and there is no other.

1 Corinthians 8:4-6
So about eating food sacrificed to idols: We know that an idol is nothing at all in the world, and that there is no God but one. / For even if there are so-called gods, whether in heaven or on earth (as there are many so-called gods and lords), / yet for us there is but one God, the Father, from whom all things came and for whom we exist. And there is but one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom all things came and through whom we exist.

Psalm 62:2
He alone is my rock and my salvation. He is my fortress; I will never be shaken.

Psalm 62:6-7
He alone is my rock and my salvation; He is my fortress; I will not be shaken. / My salvation and my honor rest on God, my strong rock; my refuge is in God.

Isaiah 26:4
Trust in the LORD forever, because GOD the LORD is the Rock eternal.

1 Samuel 2:2
There is no one holy like the LORD. Indeed, there is no one besides You! And there is no Rock like our God.

Psalm 144:1-2
Of David. Blessed be the LORD, my Rock, who trains my hands for war, my fingers for battle. / He is my steadfast love and my fortress, my stronghold and my deliverer. He is my shield, in whom I take refuge, who subdues peoples under me.

Isaiah 40:18
To whom will you liken God? To what image will you compare Him?

Isaiah 40:25
“To whom will you liken Me, or who is My equal?” asks the Holy One.

Romans 9:33
as it is written: “See, I lay in Zion a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense; and the one who believes in Him will never be put to shame.”

1 Peter 2:6-8
For it stands in Scripture: “See, I lay in Zion a stone, a chosen and precious cornerstone; and the one who believes in Him will never be put to shame.” / To you who believe, then, this stone is precious. But to those who do not believe, “The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone,” / and, “A stone of stumbling and a rock of offense.” They stumble because they disobey the word—and to this they were appointed.

Matthew 16:16-18
Simon Peter answered, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.” / Jesus replied, “Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah! For this was not revealed to you by flesh and blood, but by My Father in heaven. / And I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build My church, and the gates of Hades will not prevail against it.


Treasury of Scripture

For who is God, save the LORD? and who is a rock, save our God?

For who

Deuteronomy 32:31,39
For their rock is not as our Rock, even our enemies themselves being judges…

1 Samuel 2:2
There is none holy as the LORD: for there is none beside thee: neither is there any rock like our God.

Isaiah 44:6,8
Thus saith the LORD the King of Israel, and his redeemer the LORD of hosts; I am the first, and I am the last; and beside me there is no God…

a rock

2 Samuel 22:2,3
And he said, The LORD is my rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer; …

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2 Samuel 22
1. David's psalm of thanksgiving for God's deliverance and blessings














For who is God
This phrase begins with a rhetorical question that emphasizes the uniqueness and supremacy of God. In the Hebrew text, the word for "God" here is "Elohim," a plural form that denotes majesty and power. This term is used throughout the Old Testament to refer to the one true God, highlighting His sovereignty and authority over all creation. The rhetorical nature of the question invites reflection on the exclusivity of God’s divine nature, setting Him apart from any other so-called gods or idols that may have been worshiped in the ancient Near East.

besides the LORD?
The term "LORD" is translated from the Hebrew "YHWH" (Yahweh), the personal name of God revealed to Moses at the burning bush (Exodus 3:14). This name signifies God’s eternal existence and His covenant relationship with Israel. The use of "besides" underscores the monotheistic belief central to Israelite faith, affirming that Yahweh alone is God, and there is no other. This exclusivity is a cornerstone of the Shema, found in Deuteronomy 6:4, which declares, "Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD is one."

And who is the Rock
The metaphor of God as a "Rock" is rich with meaning. In Hebrew, the word "Tsur" conveys strength, stability, and reliability. Rocks were often seen as symbols of protection and refuge in the ancient world, providing shelter and safety. By referring to God as the "Rock," the text emphasizes His unchanging nature and His role as a protector and sustainer of His people. This imagery is consistent throughout the Psalms and other biblical texts, where God is frequently depicted as a fortress and a deliverer.

except our God?
The phrase "our God" personalizes the relationship between God and His people. It reflects the covenantal bond that God has with Israel, a relationship characterized by faithfulness and love. The possessive "our" indicates a communal identity and shared faith among the people of God. This part of the verse reaffirms the earlier assertion of God’s uniqueness and serves as a declaration of trust and allegiance to Him alone. It is a call to recognize and worship God as the sole source of strength and salvation.

Verses 32-34. -

"For who is God, save Jehovah?
And who is a rock, save our God?
God is my strong Fortress,
And he guideth the perfect in his way.
He maketh my feet like the hinds,
And upon my high places he cloth set me."
God; Hebrew, El; the Mighty One, used several times in this psalm. In the second clause the word is Elohim, the ordinary name of God. The psalmist's question is a strong assertion that Jehovah alone is God, and that he alone is a Rock of safety for his people. He guideth, etc. In Psalm 18:32 "He maketh my way perfect," like his own. The phrase here is probably that which David wrote, as being less usual, and it signifies that God will direct the upright man in his good way. Hinds. David's feet are swift as hinds, an animal famous for its speed and sureness of foot. My high places. The tops of the mountains are the favourite resort of the antelope (2 Samuel 1:18); and so with David, the possession of such rocky citadels as Bozez and Seneh (1 Samuel 14:4) made him master of the whole country.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
For
כִּ֥י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

who
מִי־ (mî-)
Interrogative
Strong's 4310: Who?, whoever, in oblique construction with prefix, suffix

is God
אֵ֖ל (’êl)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 410: Strength -- as adjective, mighty, the Almighty

besides
מִבַּלְעֲדֵ֣י (mib·bal·‘ă·ḏê)
Preposition-m
Strong's 1107: Apart from, except, without

the LORD?
יְהוָ֑ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

And who
וּמִ֥י (ū·mî)
Conjunctive waw | Interrogative
Strong's 4310: Who?, whoever, in oblique construction with prefix, suffix

[is] the rock
צ֖וּר (ṣūr)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6697: A cliff, a rock, boulder, a refuge, an edge

except
מִֽבַּלְעֲדֵ֥י (mib·bal·‘ă·ḏê)
Preposition-m
Strong's 1107: Apart from, except, without

our God?
אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃ (’ĕ·lō·hê·nū)
Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common plural
Strong's 430: gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative


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OT History: 2 Samuel 22:32 For who is God besides Yahweh? Who (2Sa iiSam 2 Sam ii sam)
2 Samuel 22:31
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