2 Chronicles 4:12
New International Version
the two pillars; the two bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars; the two sets of network decorating the two bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars;

New Living Translation
the two pillars; the two bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars; the two networks of interwoven chains that decorated the capitals;

English Standard Version
the two pillars, the bowls, and the two capitals on the top of the pillars; and the two latticeworks to cover the two bowls of the capitals that were on the top of the pillars;

Berean Standard Bible
the two pillars; the two bowl-shaped capitals atop the pillars; the two sets of network covering both bowls of the capitals atop the pillars;

King James Bible
To wit, the two pillars, and the pommels, and the chapiters which were on the top of the two pillars, and the two wreaths to cover the two pommels of the chapiters which were on the top of the pillars;

New King James Version
the two pillars and the bowl-shaped capitals that were on top of the two pillars; the two networks covering the two bowl-shaped capitals which were on top of the pillars;

New American Standard Bible
the two pillars, the bowls and the two capitals on top of the pillars, and the two latticeworks to cover the two bowls of the capitals which were on top of the pillars,

NASB 1995
the two pillars, the bowls and the two capitals on top of the pillars, and the two networks to cover the two bowls of the capitals which were on top of the pillars,

NASB 1977
the two pillars, the bowls and the two capitals on top of the pillars, and the two networks to cover the two bowls of the capitals which were on top of the pillars,

Legacy Standard Bible
the two pillars and the two bowls and the two capitals on top of the pillars, and the two networks to cover the two bowls of the capitals which were on top of the pillars,

Amplified Bible
the two pillars, the bowls, the capitals on top of the two pillars, and the two lattice works to cover the two bowls of the capitals which were on top of the pillars,

Christian Standard Bible
two pillars; the bowls and the capitals on top of the two pillars; the two gratings for covering both bowls of the capitals that were on top of the pillars;

Holman Christian Standard Bible
two pillars; the bowls and the capitals on top of the two pillars; the two gratings for covering both bowls of the capitals that were on top of the pillars;

American Standard Version
the two pillars, and the bowls, and the two capitals which were on the top of the pillars, and the two networks to cover the two bowls of the capitals that were on the top of the pillars,

Contemporary English Version
two columns, two bowl-shaped caps for the tops of these columns, two chain designs on the caps,

English Revised Version
the two pillars, and the bowls, and the two chapiters which were on the top of the pillars; and the two networks to cover the two bowls of the chapiters that were on the top of the pillars;

GOD'S WORD® Translation
2 pillars, bowl-shaped capitals on top of the 2 pillars, and 2 sets of filigree to cover the 2 bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars,

International Standard Version
that is, the two pillars, the bowls, the two capitals on top of the pillars, the two lattice works that covered the two bowls for the capitals that were on top of the pillars;

Majority Standard Bible
the two pillars; the two bowl-shaped capitals atop the pillars; the two sets of network covering both bowls of the capitals atop the pillars;

NET Bible
He made the two pillars, the two bowl-shaped tops of the pillars, the latticework for the bowl-shaped tops of the two pillars,

New Heart English Bible
the two pillars, and the bowls, and the two capitals which were on the top of the pillars, and the two networks to cover the two bowls of the capitals that were on the top of the pillars,

Webster's Bible Translation
To wit, the two pillars, and the pommels, and the capitals which were on the top of the two pillars, and the two wreaths to cover the two pommels of the capitals which were on the top of the pillars;

World English Bible
the two pillars, the bowls, the two capitals which were on the top of the pillars, the two networks to cover the two bowls of the capitals that were on the top of the pillars,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
two pillars, and the bowls, and the crowns on the heads of the two pillars, and the two networks to cover the two bowls of the crowns that [are] on the heads of the pillars;

Young's Literal Translation
two pillars, and the bowls, and the crowns on the heads of the two pillars, and the two wreaths to cover the two bowls of the crowns that are on the heads of the pillars;

Smith's Literal Translation
The two pillars and the reservoirs, and the capitals upon the head of the two pillars, and the two lattices to cover the two reservoirs of the capitals which were upon the head of the pillars.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
That is to say, the two pillars, and the pommels, and the chapiters, and the network, to cover the chapiters over the pommels.

Catholic Public Domain Version
that is, the two pillars, and the crossbeams, and the heads, and something like a little net, which would cover the heads above the crossbeams,

New American Bible
two columns; two nodes for the capitals on top of the columns; and two pieces of netting covering the two nodes for the capitals on top of the columns;

New Revised Standard Version
the two pillars, the bowls, and the two capitals on the top of the pillars; and the two latticeworks to cover the two bowls of the capitals that were on the top of the pillars;
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
To wit, the two pillars and the knobs and the capitals which were on the top of the two pillars, and the two wreaths to cover the two knobs of the capitals which were on the top of the pillars;
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
the two pillars, and the bowls, and the two capitals which were on the top of the pillars; and the two networks to cover the two bowls of the capitals that were on the top of the pillars;

Brenton Septuagint Translation
two pillars, and upon them an embossed work for the chapiters on the heads of the two pillars, and two nets to cover the heads of the chapiters which are on the heads of the pillars;

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Completion of the Bronze Works
11Additionally, Huram made the pots, shovels, and sprinkling bowls. So Huram finished the work that he had undertaken for King Solomon in the house of God: 12the two pillars; the two bowl-shaped capitals atop the pillars; the two sets of network covering both bowls of the capitals atop the pillars; 13the four hundred pomegranates for the two sets of network (two rows of pomegranates for each network covering both the bowl-shaped capitals atop the pillars);…

Cross References
1 Kings 7:15-22
He cast two pillars of bronze, each eighteen cubits high and twelve cubits in circumference. / He also made two capitals of cast bronze to set on top of the pillars, each capital five cubits high. / For the capitals on top of the pillars he made a network of lattice, with wreaths of chainwork, seven for each capital. ...

Exodus 27:3
Make all its utensils of bronze—its pots for removing ashes, its shovels, its sprinkling bowls, its meat forks, and its firepans.

1 Kings 7:40-45
Additionally, Huram made the pots, shovels, and sprinkling bowls. So Huram finished all the work that he had undertaken for King Solomon in the house of the LORD: / the two pillars; the two bowl-shaped capitals atop the pillars; the two sets of network covering both bowls of the capitals atop the pillars; / the four hundred pomegranates for the two sets of network (two rows of pomegranates for each network covering both the bowl-shaped capitals atop the pillars); ...

Jeremiah 52:20-23
As for the two pillars, the Sea, the twelve bronze bulls under it, and the movable stands that King Solomon had made for the house of the LORD, the weight of the bronze from all these articles was beyond measure. / Each pillar was eighteen cubits tall and twelve cubits in circumference; each was hollow, four fingers thick. / The bronze capital atop one pillar was five cubits high, with a network of bronze pomegranates all around. The second pillar, with its pomegranates, was similar. ...

1 Kings 6:23-28
In the inner sanctuary he made two cherubim, each ten cubits high, out of olive wood. / One wing of the first cherub was five cubits long, and the other wing was five cubits long as well. So the full wingspan was ten cubits. / The second cherub also measured ten cubits; both cherubim had the same size and shape, ...

1 Kings 7:23-26
He also made the Sea of cast metal. It was circular in shape, measuring ten cubits from rim to rim, five cubits in height, and thirty cubits in circumference. / Below the rim, ornamental buds encircled it, ten per cubit all the way around the Sea, cast in two rows as a part of the Sea. / The Sea stood on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east. The Sea rested on them, with all their hindquarters toward the center. ...

2 Chronicles 3:15-17
In front of the temple he made two pillars, which together were thirty-five cubits high, each with a capital on top measuring five cubits. / He made interwoven chains and put them on top of the pillars. He made a hundred pomegranates and fastened them into the chainwork. / Then he set up the pillars in front of the temple, one on the south and one on the north. The pillar on the south he named Jachin, and the pillar on the north he named Boaz.

1 Kings 7:29-30
and on the panels between the uprights were lions, oxen, and cherubim. On the uprights was a pedestal above, and below the lions and oxen were wreaths of beveled work. / Each stand had four bronze wheels with bronze axles and a basin resting on four supports, with wreaths at each side.

1 Kings 7:48-50
Solomon also made all the furnishings for the house of the LORD: the golden altar; the golden table on which was placed the Bread of the Presence; / the lampstands of pure gold in front of the inner sanctuary, five on the right side and five on the left; the gold flowers, lamps, and tongs; / the pure gold basins, wick trimmers, sprinkling bowls, ladles, and censers; and the gold hinges for the doors of the inner temple (that is, the Most Holy Place) as well as for the doors of the main hall of the temple.

2 Chronicles 4:11
Additionally, Huram made the pots, shovels, and sprinkling bowls. So Huram finished the work that he had undertaken for King Solomon in the house of God:

2 Chronicles 4:13-16
the four hundred pomegranates for the two sets of network (two rows of pomegranates for each network covering both the bowl-shaped capitals atop the pillars); / the stands; the basins on the stands; / the Sea; the twelve oxen underneath the Sea; ...

1 Kings 7:38-39
He also made ten bronze basins, each holding forty baths and measuring four cubits across, one basin for each of the ten stands. / He set five stands on the south side of the temple and five on the north, and he put the Sea on the south side, at the southeast corner of the temple.

2 Chronicles 3:10-13
In the Most Holy Place he made two cherubim of sculptured work, and he overlaid them with gold. / The total wingspan of the cherubim was twenty cubits. One wing of the first cherub was five cubits long and touched the wall of the temple, and its other wing was five cubits long and touched the wing of the other cherub. / The wing of the second cherub also measured five cubits and touched the wall of the temple, while its other wing measured five cubits and touched the wing of the first cherub. ...

1 Kings 7:27-28
In addition, he made ten movable stands of bronze, each four cubits long, four cubits wide, and three cubits high. / This was the design of the stands: They had side panels attached to uprights,

2 Chronicles 4:2-5
He also made the Sea of cast metal. It was circular in shape, measuring ten cubits from rim to rim, five cubits in height, and thirty cubits in circumference. / Below the rim, figures of oxen encircled it, ten per cubit all the way around the Sea, cast in two rows as a part of the Sea. / The Sea stood on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east. The Sea rested on them, with all their hindquarters toward the center. ...


Treasury of Scripture

To wit, the two pillars, and the pommels, and the capitals which were on the top of the two pillars, and the two wreaths to cover the two pommels of the capitals which were on the top of the pillars;

To wit

2 Chronicles 3:15-17
Also he made before the house two pillars of thirty and five cubits high, and the chapiter that was on the top of each of them was five cubits…

the pommels

1 Kings 7:41
The two pillars, and the two bowls of the chapiters that were on the top of the two pillars; and the two networks, to cover the two bowls of the chapiters which were upon the top of the pillars;

Jump to Previous
Bowls Bowl-Shaped Capitals Chapiters Cover Covering Crowns Cups Decorating Globes Heads Network Networks Pillars Pommels Sets Top Tops Wit Wreaths
Jump to Next
Bowls Bowl-Shaped Capitals Chapiters Cover Covering Crowns Cups Decorating Globes Heads Network Networks Pillars Pommels Sets Top Tops Wit Wreaths
2 Chronicles 4
1. The altar of brass
2. The molten sea upon twelve oxen
6. The ten lavers, candlesticks, and tables
9. The courts, and the instruments of brass
19. The instruments of gold














the two pillars
The Hebrew word for "pillars" is עַמּוּדִים (ammudim), which signifies something that stands firm or supports. In the context of Solomon's Temple, these pillars, named Jachin and Boaz, were not merely structural but symbolic. They represented strength and stability, reflecting God's enduring presence and support for His people. Archaeologically, similar pillars have been found in ancient Near Eastern temples, underscoring their importance in religious architecture as symbols of divine-human interaction.

the two bowl-shaped capitals
The term "capitals" comes from the Hebrew כֹּתֶרֶת (koteret), referring to the decorative tops of the pillars. These bowl-shaped capitals were ornate, signifying beauty and the glory of God. The design likely included intricate carvings, possibly of pomegranates and lilies, which were common motifs in Israelite art, symbolizing fertility and divine blessing. Historically, such capitals were a hallmark of Phoenician influence, indicating the cultural exchanges during Solomon's reign.

atop the pillars
This phrase emphasizes the position of the capitals, highlighting their role as crowning features. In a spiritual sense, this can be seen as a metaphor for God's sovereignty and the exaltation of His divine order above all earthly structures. The placement atop the pillars signifies the culmination of human effort in worship, pointing to the ultimate glory of God.

the two networks
The Hebrew word for "networks" is שְׂבָכוֹת (sevakhot), which refers to latticework or mesh. These networks were likely decorative, adding to the temple's splendor. They may have served a practical purpose in supporting the capitals or as a protective covering. Symbolically, the networks could represent the interconnectedness of God's creation and His intricate design for the universe.

covering the two bowl-shaped capitals
The act of covering suggests protection and completion. In a theological context, this can be seen as God's covering over His people, providing shelter and security. The covering of the capitals with networks also indicates the importance of safeguarding what is precious and holy, a reminder of the sanctity of God's dwelling place.

atop the pillars
Reiterating the position of the capitals, this phrase underscores the importance of what is elevated. In biblical symbolism, what is placed high is often associated with honor and reverence. The repetition of this phrase in the verse serves to reinforce the centrality of God's majesty and the temple's role as a beacon of His presence among His people.

(12) And the pommels, and the chapiters--i.e., the globes and the capitals. Kings, Authorised Version has bowls, but in Hebrew the word is the same (gulloth, globes). "The globes of the capitals" (Kings) is plainly incorrect.

Which were on the top of the two pillars.--Heb. (and the globes and the capitals), on the top of the pillars, two; i.e., two globes and capitals. The word "two" (shtayim) is feminine, agreeing with "globes and capitals," which are also feminine; whereas "pillars" is a masculine term.

Wreaths.--Heb., s?b?khoth, lattices. (Comp. 2Kings 1:2.) The Authorised version of 1Kings 7:41 gives "network," but the Hebrew word is the same as here.

Verse 12. - The pommels. The Hebrew word is גֻלֹת, translated in the parallel "bowls." The word occurs in the Old Testament twelve times, and is translated six times (in Judges and Joshua)" springs," four times "bowls," and twice "pommels." It was an architectural ornament to the capital, in shape like a ball. The chapiters. The Hebrew word is כֹּתֶרֶת, occurring twenty-three times or more, and always translated thus; in modern architecture, the head or capital of the pillar. The two wreaths. The word is כֹּתֶרֶת, occurring fifteen times, and translated seven times "net-work," five times "wreath," or "wreathen-work," once a "snare," once "checker-work," and once a "lattice." These wreaths were of some lace pattern plaiting and festoons of fancy chain-work. The fuller expression of them is found in 1 Kings 7:17, though in description not more distinct, certainly - "nets of checker-work, and wreaths of chain-work."

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
the two
שְׁנַ֔יִם (šə·na·yim)
Number - md
Strong's 8147: Two (a cardinal number)

pillars;
עַמּוּדִ֣ים (‘am·mū·ḏîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 5982: A column, a stand, platform

the two
שְׁתָּ֑יִם (šə·tā·yim)
Number - fd
Strong's 8147: Two (a cardinal number)

bowl-shaped
וְהַגֻּלּ֧וֹת (wə·hag·gul·lō·wṯ)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 1543: A fountain, bowl, globe

capitals
וְהַכֹּתָר֛וֹת (wə·hak·kō·ṯā·rō·wṯ)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 3805: The capital of a, column

atop
רֹ֥אשׁ (rōš)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7218: The head

the pillars;
הָעַמּוּדִ֖ים (hā·‘am·mū·ḏîm)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 5982: A column, a stand, platform

the two
שְׁתַּ֔יִם (šə·ta·yim)
Number - fd
Strong's 8147: Two (a cardinal number)

sets of network
וְהַשְּׂבָכ֣וֹת (wə·haś·śə·ḇā·ḵō·wṯ)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 7639: A net-work, a snare, a ballustrade, a reticulated ornament to a, pillar

covering
לְכַסּ֗וֹת (lə·ḵas·sō·wṯ)
Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct
Strong's 3680: To plump, fill up hollows, to cover

both
שְׁתֵּי֙ (šə·tê)
Number - fdc
Strong's 8147: Two (a cardinal number)

bowls
גֻּלּ֣וֹת (gul·lō·wṯ)
Noun - feminine plural construct
Strong's 1543: A fountain, bowl, globe

of the capitals
הַכֹּֽתָר֔וֹת (hak·kō·ṯā·rō·wṯ)
Article | Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 3805: The capital of a, column

atop
רֹ֥אשׁ (rōš)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7218: The head

the pillars;
הָֽעַמּוּדִֽים׃ (hā·‘am·mū·ḏîm)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 5982: A column, a stand, platform


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OT History: 2 Chronicles 4:12 The two pillars and the bowls (2 Chron. 2Ch iiCh ii ch 2 chr 2chr)
2 Chronicles 4:11
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