1 Chronicles 4:31
New International Version
Beth Markaboth, Hazar Susim, Beth Biri and Shaaraim. These were their towns until the reign of David.

New Living Translation
Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri, and Shaaraim. These towns were under their control until the time of King David.

English Standard Version
Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri, and Shaaraim. These were their cities until David reigned.

Berean Standard Bible
Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri, and Shaaraim. These were their cities until the reign of David.

King James Bible
And at Bethmarcaboth, and Hazarsusim, and at Bethbirei, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities unto the reign of David.

New King James Version
Beth Marcaboth, Hazar Susim, Beth Biri, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities until the reign of David.

New American Standard Bible
Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri, and Shaaraim. These were their cities until the reign of David.

NASB 1995
Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri and Shaaraim. These were their cities until the reign of David.

NASB 1977
Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri, and Shaaraim. These were their cities until the reign of David.

Legacy Standard Bible
Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri, and Shaaraim. These were their cities until the reign of David.

Amplified Bible
Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities until the reign of David.

Christian Standard Bible
Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri, and Shaaraim. These were their cities until David became king.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri, and Shaaraim. These were their cities until David became king.

American Standard Version
and at Beth-marcaboth, and Hazar-susim, and at Beth-biri, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities unto the reign of David.

English Revised Version
and at Beth-marcaboth, and Hazar-susim, and at Beth-biri, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities unto the reign of David.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Beth Marcaboth, Hazar Susim, Beth Biri, and Shaaraim. These were their cities until David became king.

Good News Translation
Beth Marcaboth, Hazarsusim, Bethbiri, and Shaaraim.

International Standard Version
Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri, and Shaaraim. These were their cities until David began to reign.

Majority Standard Bible
Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri, and Shaaraim. These were their cities until the reign of David.

NET Bible
Beth Marcaboth, Hazar Susim, Beth Biri, and Shaaraim. These were their towns until the reign of David.

New Heart English Bible
and at Beth Marcaboth, and Hazar Susim, and at Beth Biri, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities until David became king.

Webster's Bible Translation
And at Beth-marcaboth, and Hazar-susim, and at Beth-birei, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities to the reign of David.

World English Bible
at Beth Marcaboth, Hazar Susim, at Beth Biri, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities until David’s reign.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and in Beth-Marcaboth, and in Hazar-Susim, and in Beth-Birei, and in Shaarim; these [are] their cities until the reigning of David.

Young's Literal Translation
and in Beth-Marcaboth, and in Hazar-Susim, and in Beth-Birei, and in Shaarim; these are their cities till the reigning of David.

Smith's Literal Translation
And at the house of Chariots, and at the enclosure of horses, and at the house of my creation, and at the gates. These their cities even to king David.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And in Bethmarchaboth, and in Hasarsusim, and in Bethberai, and in Saarim. These were their cities unto the reign of David.

Catholic Public Domain Version
and in Beth-marcaboth, and in Hazarsusim, and in Bethbiri, and in Shaaraim. These were their cities until king David.

New American Bible
Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Bethbiri, and Shaaraim. Until the reign of David, these were their cities

New Revised Standard Version
Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri, and Shaaraim. These were their towns until David became king.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And in Marmeranah and Samsalah. These were their cities until the reign of David.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
and at Beth-marcaboth, and Hazar-susim, and at Beth-biri, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities unto the reign of David.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
and in Baethmarimoth, and Hemisuseosin, and the house of Baruseorim: these were their cities until the time of king David.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
More Descendants of Judah
30Bethuel, Hormah, Ziklag, 31 Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri, and Shaaraim. These were their cities until the reign of David. 32And their villages were Etam, Ain, Rimmon, Tochen, and Ashan—five towns—…

Cross References
Joshua 19:1-9
The second lot came out for the clans of the tribe of Simeon: Their inheritance lay within the territory of Judah / and included Beersheba (or Sheba), Moladah, / Hazar-shual, Balah, Ezem, ...

1 Samuel 27:6
That day Achish gave him Ziklag, and to this day it still belongs to the kings of Judah.

1 Samuel 30:26-31
When David arrived in Ziklag, he sent some of the plunder to his friends, the elders of Judah, saying, “Here is a gift for you from the plunder of the LORD’s enemies.” / He sent gifts to those in Bethel, Ramoth Negev, and Jattir; / to those in Aroer, Siphmoth, and Eshtemoa; ...

2 Samuel 2:1-4
Some time later, David inquired of the LORD, “Should I go up to one of the towns of Judah?” “Go up,” the LORD answered. Then David asked, “Where should I go?” “To Hebron,” replied the LORD. / So David went there with his two wives, Ahinoam of Jezreel and Abigail the widow of Nabal of Carmel. / David also took the men who were with him, each with his household, and they settled in the towns near Hebron. ...

2 Samuel 24:7
They went toward the fortress of Tyre and all the cities of the Hivites and Canaanites. Finally, they went on to the Negev of Judah, to Beersheba.

1 Kings 19:3
And Elijah was afraid and ran for his life. When he came to Beersheba in Judah, he left his servant there,

2 Kings 23:8
Then Josiah brought all the priests from the cities of Judah and desecrated the high places, from Geba to Beersheba, where the priests had burned incense. He tore down the high places of the gates at the entrance of the gate of Joshua the governor of the city, which was to the left of the city gate.

Nehemiah 11:25-30
As for the villages with their fields, some of the people of Judah lived in Kiriath-arba, Dibon, Jekabzeel, and their villages; / in Jeshua, Moladah, and Beth-pelet; / in Hazar-shual; in Beersheba and its villages; ...

Ezekiel 47:13-23
This is what the Lord GOD says: “These are the boundaries by which you are to divide the land as an inheritance among the twelve tribes of Israel; Joseph shall receive two portions. / You are to divide it equally among them. Because I swore with an uplifted hand to give it to your forefathers, this land will fall to you as an inheritance. / This shall be the boundary of the land: On the north side it will extend from the Great Sea by way of Hethlon through Lebo-hamath to Zedad, ...

Matthew 2:1-6
After Jesus was born in Bethlehem in Judea, during the time of King Herod, Magi from the east arrived in Jerusalem, / asking, “Where is the One who has been born King of the Jews? We saw His star in the east and have come to worship Him.” / When King Herod heard this, he was disturbed, and all Jerusalem with him. ...

Matthew 10:5-6
These twelve Jesus sent out with the following instructions: “Do not go onto the road of the Gentiles or enter any town of the Samaritans. / Go rather to the lost sheep of Israel.

Luke 2:4
So Joseph also went up from Nazareth in Galilee to Judea, to the city of David called Bethlehem, since he was from the house and line of David.

John 4:4-5
Now He had to pass through Samaria. / So He came to a town of Samaria called Sychar, near the plot of ground that Jacob had given to his son Joseph.

Acts 8:1
And Saul was there, giving approval to Stephen’s death. On that day a great persecution broke out against the church in Jerusalem, and all except the apostles were scattered throughout Judea and Samaria.

Acts 9:31
Then the church throughout Judea, Galilee, and Samaria experienced a time of peace. It grew in strength and numbers, living in the fear of the Lord and the encouragement of the Holy Spirit.


Treasury of Scripture

And at Bethmarcaboth, and Hazarsusim, and at Bethbirei, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities to the reign of David.

and Hazar-susim.

Joshua 19:5,6
And Ziklag, and Bethmarcaboth, and Hazarsusah, …

Hazar-susah, Beth-lebaoth, Sharuhen.

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Beth Bethmarcaboth Beth-Marcaboth Beth-Mar'caboth Cities David Hazar Marcaboth Reign Reigned Reigning Shaaraim Towns
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1 Chronicles 4
1. The posterity of Judah by Caleb, the son of Hur.
5. Of Ashur, the posthumous son Hezron.
9. Of Jabez, and his prayer.
11. The other families of the same stock.
21. The sons of Shelah.
24. The posterity and cities of Simeon.
39. Their conquest of Gedor, and of the Amalekites in mount Seir.














Beth-marcaboth
This name translates to "house of chariots." The Hebrew root "beth" means "house," and "marcaboth" is derived from "merkabah," meaning "chariot." This suggests a place associated with military strength or transportation. In the context of ancient Israel, chariots were a symbol of power and might, often used in warfare. The mention of Beth-marcaboth may indicate a strategic location or a center of military activity, reflecting the tribe's preparedness and strength.

Hazar-susim
The name "Hazar-susim" translates to "village of horses." "Hazar" means "village" or "settlement," and "susim" is the plural of "sus," meaning "horse." Horses were valuable assets in ancient times, used for transportation, agriculture, and warfare. This settlement likely played a crucial role in breeding or housing horses, contributing to the tribe's economic and military capabilities. The presence of such a village underscores the importance of horses in the socio-economic and military fabric of ancient Israel.

Beth-biri
"Beth-biri" translates to "house of my creation" or "house of my well-being." The root "beth" again means "house," while "biri" can be linked to "bara," meaning "to create" or "to be well." This name may reflect a place of prosperity or divine blessing, suggesting that the inhabitants experienced a sense of well-being or divine favor. It highlights the spiritual and material prosperity that can be found in a community dedicated to God.

Shaaraim
The name "Shaaraim" means "two gates" or "double gates." The root "shaar" means "gate," and the dual form suggests a fortified city with significant defenses. Gates were crucial in ancient cities for protection and control of entry and exit. The mention of Shaaraim indicates a place of security and strength, emphasizing the importance of vigilance and preparedness in the life of the community.

These were their cities until the reign of David
This phrase situates the cities within a specific historical context, marking a transition in leadership and governance. The reign of David was a pivotal period in Israel's history, characterized by unification and expansion. The mention of these cities "until the reign of David" suggests changes in territorial control or administrative organization during his rule. It highlights the dynamic nature of Israel's history and God's providential guidance through different leadership phases. David's reign brought about significant shifts, reflecting God's unfolding plan for His people.

(31) Beth-marcaboth = "house of chariots."

Hazar - susim = "village of horses;" for which Hazarsusah is an equivalent (susah being used as a collective word).

Beth-birei.--Probably a corrupt writing of Beth-lebaoth, "house of lionesses" (Joshua 19:6), for which Joshua 15:32 has the contraction Lebaoth. There were lions in the wilds of Judah (1Samuel 17:34). (Comp. Judges 14:5; 1Kings 13:24.) . . .

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Beth-marcaboth,
מַרְכָּבוֹת֙ (mar·kā·ḇō·wṯ)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 1024: Beth-marcaboth -- 'place of chariots', a place in Simeon

Hazar-susim,
סוּסִ֔ים (sū·sîm)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 2702: Hazar-susim -- 'village of horses', a place in Simeon

Beth-biri,
בִּרְאִ֖י (bir·’î)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 1011: Beth-biri -- 'house of a creative one', a place in Palestine

and Shaaraim.
וּֽבְשַׁעֲרָ֑יִם (ū·ḇə·ša·‘ă·rā·yim)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 8189: Shaaraim -- two cities in Israel

These
אֵ֥לֶּה (’êl·leh)
Pronoun - common plural
Strong's 428: These, those

were their cities
עָרֵיהֶ֖ם (‘ā·rê·hem)
Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 5892: Excitement

until
עַד־ (‘aḏ-)
Preposition
Strong's 5704: As far as, even to, up to, until, while

the reign
מְלֹ֥ךְ (mə·lōḵ)
Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 4427: To reign, inceptively, to ascend the throne, to induct into royalty, to take counsel

of David.
דָּוִֽיד׃ (dā·wîḏ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1732: David -- perhaps 'beloved one', a son of Jesse


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 4:31 And at Beth Marcaboth and Hazar Susim (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
1 Chronicles 4:30
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