Acts 1:13

When they arrived, they went to the upper room where they were staying: Peter and John, James and Andrew, Philip and Thomas, Bartholomew and Matthew, James son of Alphaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas son of James.

Study Bible

When they arrived
This phrase indicates the completion of a journey, specifically the return of the apostles to Jerusalem after witnessing the ascension of Jesus. The Greek word used here, "παραγίνομαι" (paraginomai), suggests a coming or appearing, often with a sense of purpose or mission. This arrival marks a pivotal moment as the apostles prepare for the coming of the Holy Spirit, fulfilling Jesus' command to wait in Jerusalem (Acts 1:4).

they went to the upper room
The "upper room" is significant as it is traditionally considered the same location where the Last Supper took place. The Greek term "ὑπερῷον" (hyperōon) refers to an upper chamber or a room on the upper floor of a house. This setting is symbolic of a place of intimacy and revelation, where the apostles gather in unity and prayer, awaiting the promise of the Father.

where they were staying
This phrase indicates that the apostles had made this upper room their temporary residence. The Greek word "καταμένω" (katamenō) implies a sense of abiding or remaining. It reflects their commitment to obedience and expectation, as they wait for the fulfillment of Jesus' promise of the Holy Spirit.

Peter and John and James and Andrew
These names represent the core group of Jesus' disciples, often mentioned together in the Gospels. Peter, known for his leadership and boldness, is always listed first. John, the beloved disciple, and his brother James, sons of Zebedee, were part of Jesus' inner circle. Andrew, Peter's brother, was one of the first to follow Jesus. Their presence underscores the continuity of Jesus' ministry through these foundational leaders.

Philip and Thomas
Philip, from Bethsaida like Peter and Andrew, is known for his evangelistic zeal, as seen in his interaction with the Ethiopian eunuch (Acts 8:26-40). Thomas, often called "Doubting Thomas," is remembered for his initial skepticism about Jesus' resurrection, but also for his profound declaration of faith, "My Lord and my God!" (John 20:28).

Bartholomew and Matthew
Bartholomew is often identified with Nathanael, who was commended by Jesus for his honesty and integrity (John 1:47). Matthew, also known as Levi, was a tax collector before following Jesus, highlighting the transformative power of Jesus' call and the inclusivity of His mission.

James son of Alphaeus and Simon the Zealot
James, son of Alphaeus, is sometimes referred to as "James the Less" to distinguish him from James, the son of Zebedee. Simon the Zealot's designation suggests his previous association with the Zealots, a Jewish political movement. His inclusion among the apostles demonstrates the diverse backgrounds of Jesus' followers, united in their mission.

and Judas son of James
This Judas, also known as Thaddaeus or Lebbaeus, is distinct from Judas Iscariot, the betrayer. His presence in the list of apostles serves as a reminder of the faithful witness of those who followed Jesus, even when their roles were less prominent in the Gospel narratives.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Upper Room
This is the location where the apostles gathered after Jesus' ascension. It served as a place of prayer and fellowship.

2. Peter
One of Jesus' closest disciples, often seen as the leader among the apostles.

3. John
The beloved disciple, known for his close relationship with Jesus and his writings in the New Testament.

4. James and Andrew
Brothers and early followers of Jesus, both part of His inner circle.

5. Philip and Thomas
Apostles known for their questions and interactions with Jesus, highlighting their desire to understand His teachings.

6. Bartholomew and Matthew
Apostles with distinct backgrounds; Matthew was a tax collector, showing the diversity among Jesus' followers.

7. James son of Alphaeus and Simon the Zealot
Apostles with less detailed biblical accounts, yet part of the foundational group of the early Church.

8. Judas son of James
Also known as Thaddaeus, distinguished from Judas Iscariot, the betrayer.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Fellowship
The apostles gathered together, emphasizing the need for Christian community and support.

Diversity in Unity
The apostles came from various backgrounds, yet were united in purpose, demonstrating the Church's call to embrace diversity within the body of Christ.

Preparation for Mission
The gathering in the upper room was a time of preparation and prayer, reminding believers of the importance of spiritual readiness before undertaking God's work.

Leadership and Servanthood
Peter's presence as a leader among equals highlights the balance of leadership and servanthood in Christian ministry.

Faithfulness in Waiting
The apostles' obedience in waiting for the Holy Spirit teaches the value of patience and trust in God's timing.

Bible Study Questions

1. What significance does the "upper room" hold in the context of the early Church, and how can we create similar spaces for fellowship and prayer in our lives today?

2. How does the diversity among the apostles reflect the nature of the Church, and what steps can we take to embrace diversity within our own congregations?

3. In what ways can we prepare ourselves spiritually for the mission God has called us to, following the example of the apostles in Acts 1:13?

4. How does the leadership style of Peter, as seen in this passage, inform our understanding of Christian leadership and servanthood?

5. Reflect on a time when you had to wait on God's timing. How does the apostles' example of waiting for the Holy Spirit encourage you in your current circumstances?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Luke 6:12-16
This passage lists the apostles, providing context for their selection and roles.

Acts 2:1-4
Describes the coming of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost, which occurred after the apostles gathered in the upper room.

Matthew 10:2-4
Offers another listing of the apostles, emphasizing their mission and calling.

John 20:19-23
Shows the apostles gathered in a room after Jesus' resurrection, highlighting their continued fellowship and mission.