Lexical Summary Dabid: David Original Word: Δαβίδ Strong's Exhaustive Concordance David. Of Hebrew origin (David); Dabid (i.e. David), the Israelite king -- David. see HEBREW David NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originvariant reading for Dauid, q.v. Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 1138: ΔαβίδΔαβίδ (the form in Rec. after the more recent manuscripts (minuscules, cf. Tdf. on Matthew 1:1, and Treg. on Luke 3:31)), Δαυίδ (Griesbach, Schott, Knapp, Theile, others), and Δαυειδ (L T Tr WH (on the εἰ see WH's Appendix, p. 155 and under the word εἰ, ἰ); cf. Winers Grammar, p. 44; Bleek on Heb. vol. ii. 1, p. 538; in Josephus (Antiquities 6, 8, 1ff also Nicolaus Damascenus from 31, p. 114) Δαυιδης, Δαυιδου), ὁ (דָּוִד, and especially after the exile דָּוִיד (i. e. beloved)), David, indeclinable name of by far the most celebrated king of the Israelites: Matthew 1:1, 6, 17, etc. ἡ σκηνή Δαβίδ Acts 15:16; ἡ κλείς τοῦ Δαβίδ Revelation 3:7; ὁ θρόνος Δαβίδ Luke 1:32; ὁ υἱός Δαβίδ, a name of the Messiah, viz. the descendant of David and heir to his throne (see υἱός, 1 b.); ἡ ῤίζα Δαβίδ the offspring of David, Revelation 5:5; Revelation 22:16; ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ Δαβίδ Mark 11:10 (see βασιλεία, 3); ἐν Δαυίδ, in the book of the Psalms of David, Hebrews 4:7 (others take it personally, cf. Hebrews 1:1f; yet see ἐν, I. 1 d.). STRONGS NT 1138: ΔαυειδΔαυειδ and Δαυίδ, see Δαβίδ. Topical Lexicon Identity and Historical Background David, the shepherd-king of Israel, is portrayed in the New Testament as a covenant figure whose life, throne, and psalms all converge in Jesus Christ. References to David occur fifty-nine times, spanning the Gospels, Acts, Epistles, and Revelation, and every mention assumes the Old Testament narrative found chiefly in First and 2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles. His name instantly evokes God’s promise of an everlasting dynasty (2 Samuel 7:12-16) and a heart “after God’s own heart” (Acts 13:22). Position in Salvation History David stands at the hinge of redemptive history. Prior prophets announced a coming king; subsequent prophets and apostles interpret both Israel’s account and Christ’s mission through the lens of Davidic covenant hope. Thus Matthew opens his Gospel, “This is the record of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham” (Matthew 1:1), anchoring Messiah’s legal claim to the throne. Luke’s infancy narrative echoes the same: “The Lord God will give Him the throne of His father David” (Luke 1:32). Genealogical Anchor for Messiah Matthew 1 and Luke 3 trace Jesus’ lineage to David, securing lawful and blood descent. Joseph, though not the biological father, is “son of David” (Matthew 1:20); Mary is betrothed to Joseph “of the house of David” (Luke 1:27). Bethlehem, “the city of David” (Luke 2:11), becomes Jesus’ birthplace by prophetic necessity (Micah 5:2; John 7:42). Messianic Title: Son of David “Son of David” functions as a confessional title for Jesus. Two blind men cry, “Have mercy on us, Son of David!” (Matthew 9:27). The Syrophoenician woman (Matthew 15:22) and the Jericho beggar (Mark 10:47-48; Luke 18:38-39) likewise invoke the title when seeking covenant mercy. The crowds at the triumphal entry shout, “Hosanna to the Son of David!” (Matthew 21:9), identifying Him as the royal deliverer foretold in Psalm 118. David in Jesus’ Teaching Jesus cites David to expose legalistic misreadings of Scripture. In defending Sabbath mercy He recalls David eating the consecrated bread (Matthew 12:3; Mark 2:25; Luke 6:3), stressing that covenant grace outweighs ritual protocol. In the Temple courts He quotes Psalm 110:1, asking, “How is it then that David calls Him ‘Lord’?” (Matthew 22:43-45; Mark 12:35-37; Luke 20:41-44). The riddle reveals Messiah’s deity: He is both David’s descendant and David’s Lord. David in Apostolic Preaching and Doctrine Peter’s Pentecost sermon hinges on Davidic psalms. Citing Psalm 16, he proclaims, “David says about Him…” (Acts 2:25-31) and contrasts David’s occupied tomb with Christ’s empty one (Acts 2:29). Paul likewise preaches in Pisidian Antioch that God raised up David and from his seed raised up the Savior (Acts 13:22-23). Psalm 2 and Psalm 110 validate the resurrection (Acts 13:34-37). For Paul, the gospel is “regarding His Son, who was a descendant of David according to the flesh” (Romans 1:3), a truth to be remembered (2 Timothy 2:8). Davidic Covenant and Kingdom Promise James, at the Jerusalem Council, cites Amos 9:11—“I will rebuild the fallen tent of David” (Acts 15:16)—to justify Gentile inclusion. The restored “tent” is the messianic kingdom, enlarged to embrace all nations. Thus the Davidic covenant is neither annulled nor reduced; it is fulfilled and globalized in Christ’s reign. David as Foreshadow of Christ Parallels abound: humble beginnings, anointing by the Spirit, rejection by authorities, victorious kingship, and mediatory role. Hebrews 4:7 reads Psalm 95 as David’s voice urging present obedience, while Hebrews 11:32 places David among the faithful whose exploits anticipate better promises. Through David’s sin and repentance (Romans 4:6-8 quotes Psalm 32) believers learn the blessedness of imputed righteousness, a doctrine consummated in the cross. Liturgical and Devotional Legacy David’s psalms form the songbook of the Church. Acts 4:25 attributes Psalm 2 to David when believers pray under persecution, reaffirming divine sovereignty. The doxology of Revelation draws imagery from David’s root and throne, integrating worship with eschatological hope. Eschatological Triumph: Root and Offspring Revelation crowns the narrative: Christ holds “the key of David” (Revelation 3:7), conquers as “the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the Root of David” (Revelation 5:5), and speaks as “the Root and the Offspring of David, the bright Morning Star” (Revelation 22:16). The beginning and the end of the New Testament thus frame Jesus’ identity in Davidic terms, ensuring the permanence of God’s covenant faithfulness. Practical Applications 1. Assurance of Promise: God’s faithfulness to David undergirds confidence in every gospel promise. David’s name in the New Testament thus functions as a theological thread binding history, prophecy, doctrine, and hope into a single tapestry that magnifies the glory of Jesus Christ. Forms and Transliterations Δαυειδ Δαυείδ Δαυεὶδ Δαυίδ Δαυὶδ Dauid Dauíd DauìdLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Matthew 1:1 NGRK: Χριστοῦ υἱοῦ Δαυὶδ υἱοῦ Ἀβραάμ KJV: the son of David, the son INT: Christ son of David son of Abraham Matthew 1:6 N Matthew 1:6 N Matthew 1:17 N Matthew 1:17 N Matthew 1:20 N Matthew 9:27 N Matthew 12:3 N Matthew 12:23 N Matthew 15:22 N Matthew 20:30 N Matthew 20:31 N Matthew 21:9 N Matthew 21:15 N Matthew 22:42 N Matthew 22:43 N Matthew 22:45 N Mark 2:25 N Mark 10:47 N Mark 10:48 N Mark 11:10 N Mark 12:35 N Mark 12:36 N Mark 12:37 N Luke 1:27 N |
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