The teachings of Jesus Christ, as recorded in the New Testament, elicited a wide range of reactions from various groups and individuals. These responses were shaped by cultural, religious, and personal factors, reflecting the profound impact of His message on the society of His time.

1. The Disciples and Followers

The disciples of Jesus, including the Twelve Apostles, generally received His teachings with acceptance and devotion, though not without moments of confusion and doubt. They often sought clarification on His parables and teachings. For instance, in Matthew 13:36, the disciples asked Jesus to explain the parable of the weeds. Despite their initial misunderstandings, they were committed to following Him, as seen in Peter's declaration, "Lord, to whom would we go? You have the words of eternal life" (John 6:68).

2. The Crowds

The general populace often reacted with amazement and astonishment at Jesus' teachings. His authority and wisdom were unlike that of the scribes and Pharisees. In Matthew 7:28-29, it is recorded, "When Jesus had finished saying these things, the crowds were astonished at His teaching, because He taught as one who had authority, and not as their scribes" . However, the crowds were also fickle, as seen in their shifting attitudes from welcoming Him with palm branches (John 12:13) to later calling for His crucifixion (Mark 15:13).

3. The Religious Leaders

The religious leaders, including the Pharisees, Sadducees, and scribes, often reacted with hostility and skepticism. They perceived Jesus' teachings as a threat to their authority and traditions. In Mark 3:6, it is noted that "the Pharisees went out and immediately began plotting with the Herodians how they might kill Jesus" . They frequently challenged Him with questions intended to trap Him, as seen in Matthew 22:15-22, where they questioned Him about paying taxes to Caesar.

4. The Skeptics and Doubters

Some individuals reacted with doubt and skepticism. Thomas, one of the Twelve, famously doubted Jesus' resurrection until he saw the risen Christ for himself (John 20:24-29). Others, like the rich young ruler, were intrigued by Jesus' teachings but ultimately unwilling to make the sacrifices He demanded (Matthew 19:16-22).

5. The Oppressed and Marginalized

Jesus' teachings resonated deeply with the oppressed and marginalized, offering them hope and dignity. The Samaritan woman at the well (John 4:7-26) and the woman caught in adultery (John 8:1-11) are examples of individuals who experienced transformation through His words. His message of love, forgiveness, and the coming Kingdom of God provided a radical new perspective for those on the fringes of society.

6. The Political Authorities

The political authorities, such as Herod and Pilate, reacted with a mix of curiosity, indifference, and fear. Herod Antipas desired to see Jesus perform a miracle (Luke 23:8), while Pilate, though finding no fault in Him, ultimately succumbed to the pressure of the crowd and authorized His crucifixion (John 19:12-16).

7. The Gentiles

Gentiles, or non-Jews, also had varied reactions to Jesus' teachings. The Roman centurion who witnessed the crucifixion declared, "Truly this was the Son of God!" (Matthew 27:54). The Syrophoenician woman demonstrated great faith, leading Jesus to commend her and grant her request (Mark 7:24-30).

These diverse reactions to Jesus' teachings highlight the transformative and often divisive nature of His message. His words continue to challenge, inspire, and provoke reflection among believers and non-believers alike.