ANTIOCHUS IV; ANTIOCHUS EPIPHANES

(Epiphanes, e-pif'-a-naz, "Illustrious"): Son of Antiochus III who became king after his brother, Seleucus IV, had been murdered by Heliodorus. As a boy Antiochus lived at Rome as a hostage. The Pergamene monarchs, Eumenes and Attalus, succeeded in placing upon the throne the brother of Seleucus, although Heliodorus had wished to ascend the throne himself. The young king was even more enterprising than his father. He was called in to settle a quarrel between Onias III and his brother, Jason, the leader of the Hellenizing faction in Jerusalem, and Onias was driven out (2 Maccabees 4:4-6). Jason became high priest in his stead (2 Maccabees 4:9-16; 1 Maccabees 1:10-15; Ant, XII, v, 1). Antiochus himself afterward visited Jerusalem and was signally honored (2 Maccabees 4:22). On the death of Ptolemy VI in 173, Antiochus laid claim to Coelesyria, Palestine and Phoenicia; whereupon war broke out between Syria and Egypt. In this war Antiochus was victorious. Ptolemy Philometor was taken prisoner, and Antiochus had himself crowned king of Egypt (171-167 B.C.) at Memphis; whereupon Alexandria revolted and chose Ptolemy's brother as their king. The Roman ambassador, Popilius Laenas, demanded the surrender of Egypt and the immediate withdrawal of its self-constituted king. Antiochus yielded; gave up Pelusium and withdrew his fleet from Cyprus, but retained Coelesyria, Palestine and Phoenicia.

While Antiochus was on a second campaign in Egypt, he heard of the siege of Jerusalem. He returned immediately, slew many thousands of the inhabitants and robbed the temple of its treasures (1 Maccabees 1:20-24; 2 Maccabees 5:11-21). By his prohibition of the Jewish worship and his introduction or substitution of the worship of the Olympian Zeus (1 Maccabees 1:54; 2 Maccabees 6:2; Ant, XII, v, 4) he brought about the insurrection of the Jews, under the Maccabees, upon whom he made an unsuccessful war in 167-164 B.C. After this war Antiochus retired to the eastern provinces and died, after having failed in an attack on the temple of the Sun in Elymais, in Persia. See also ABOMINATION OF DESOLATION; ANTIOCHIANS.

J. E. Harry

Appendix iv. An Abstract of Jewish History from the Reign of ...
... His successor was that Antiochus IV., Epiphanes (175-164), whose reckless determination
to exterminate Judaism, and in its place to substitute Hellenism, led ...
/.../the life and times of jesus the messiah/appendix iv an abstract of.htm

The Attack on the Scriptures
... Judah, a hundred and seventy years before the birth of Christ. He was
known as Antiochus IV, and was a selfish and cruel ruler. ...
/.../duff/the bible in its making/chapter vi the attack on.htm

In Jud??a and through Samaria - a Sketch of Samaritan History and ...
... under his successor, Seleucus IV. (Philopator), [1900] permanently under
Syrian dominion. In the troublous times of Antiochus IV. ...
/.../edersheim/the life and times of jesus the messiah/chapter vii in judaea and.htm

Letter clxviii. To Antiochus.
... To Antiochus. ... his forced departure from his diocese, the agony of his flock at losing
him, and his calm submission to the tyranny of Valens, see Theodoret iv. ...
/.../basil/basil letters and select works/letter clxviii to antiochus.htm

The Jewish World in the Days of Christ - the Jewish Dispersion in ...
... the very existence of Israel. In his daring madness, the Syrian king, Antiochus
IV. (Epiphanes) had forbidden their religion, sought ...
/.../the life and times of jesus the messiah/chapter i the jewish world.htm

The Absurdity and Shamefulness of the Images by which the Gods are ...
... Chapter IV."The Absurdity and Shamefulness of the Images by Which the Gods are ... And
Antiochus of Cyzicus, being in difficulties for money, ordered the golden ...
/.../exhortation to the heathen/chapter iv the absurdity and shamefulness.htm

How
... How, Upon The Quarrels One Against Another About The High Priesthood Antiochus Made
An ... Jesus his brother; for that son which Onias left [or Onias IV.] was yet ...
//christianbookshelf.org/josephus/the antiquities of the jews/chapter 5 how.htm

Basil: Letters and Select Works
... Letter III. To Candidianus. Letter IV. To Olympius. Letter V. To Nectarius. Letter
VI. ... Letter CXLVI. To Antiochus. Letter CXLVII. To Aburgius. Letter CXLVIII. ...
//christianbookshelf.org/basil/basil letters and select works/

Daniel
... an incident in or the consequence of the destruction of the city; but Antiochus
had made ... his readers that there is a God in heaven, and that He reigns, iv.26. ...
//christianbookshelf.org/mcfadyen/introduction to the old testament/daniel.htm

When He had Left the Manich??ans, He Retained his Depraved ...
... iv. ... These begin with Plato, the founder (387 BC), and continue to the fifth school,
founded by Antiochus (83 BC), who, by combining his teachings with that of ...
/.../augustine/the confessions and letters of st/chapter x when he had left.htm