Esther 9:22

as the days on which the Jews gained rest from their enemies and the month in which their sorrow turned to joy and their mourning into a holiday. He wrote that these were to be days of feasting and joy, of sending gifts to one another and to the poor.

Study Bible

as the days on which the Jews gained rest from their enemies
The phrase "gained rest" is rooted in the Hebrew word "נוח" (nuach), which means to rest or settle down. This word is significant in the Jewish tradition, as it echoes the Sabbath rest, a time of peace and cessation from labor. Historically, this rest was not merely physical but also spiritual and emotional, as the Jews were delivered from the threat of annihilation. The "enemies" here refer to those who sought to destroy the Jewish people, as recorded in the earlier chapters of Esther. This victory is a testament to God's providence and protection over His chosen people, a theme that resonates throughout the Old Testament.

and as the month when their sorrow was turned into joy
The transformation from "sorrow" to "joy" is a powerful theme in the Bible, often associated with God's intervention and deliverance. The Hebrew word for "sorrow" is "אֵבֶל" (evel), which denotes mourning or lamentation. In contrast, "joy" is "שִׂמְחָה" (simchah), a term that conveys gladness and celebration. This change signifies a divine reversal of fortune, a hallmark of God's redemptive work. The month referred to is Adar, the twelfth month in the Jewish calendar, which became a time of national celebration and remembrance of God's faithfulness.

and their mourning into a day of celebration
"Mourning" in Hebrew is "אֵבֶל" (evel), similar to "sorrow," indicating a period of grief and lament. The "day of celebration" is a translation of "יוֹם טוֹב" (yom tov), meaning a good or festive day. This transformation underscores the theme of redemption and hope, as God turns despair into rejoicing. The historical context is the Jewish people's deliverance from Haman's plot, which is celebrated annually as the festival of Purim. This celebration is a reminder of God's sovereignty and His ability to bring about justice and joy from situations of deep distress.

These were to be days of feasting, joy
"Feasting" is derived from the Hebrew "מִשְׁתֶּה" (mishteh), which refers to a banquet or festive meal. Feasting is a common biblical expression of joy and gratitude, often associated with God's blessings and provision. "Joy" here reiterates the Hebrew "שִׂמְחָה" (simchah), emphasizing the communal and exuberant nature of the celebration. The days of feasting and joy are not only a response to deliverance but also an act of worship and thanksgiving to God for His miraculous intervention.

and sending portions of food to one another and to the poor
The practice of "sending portions" is rooted in the Hebrew "מִשְׁלוֹחַ מָנוֹת" (mishloach manot), which involves giving gifts of food. This tradition fosters community, generosity, and unity among the Jewish people. The inclusion of "the poor" highlights the biblical mandate to care for the less fortunate, a principle deeply embedded in Jewish law and Christian teaching. This act of charity and kindness reflects God's heart for justice and compassion, reminding believers of their responsibility to love and serve others, especially those in need.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Mordecai
A Jew in the Persian Empire who rose to prominence and played a crucial role in saving the Jewish people from destruction.

2. Esther
The Jewish queen of Persia who bravely intervened to prevent the annihilation of her people.

3. Haman
The antagonist who plotted to destroy the Jews but was ultimately defeated.

4. Susa (Shushan)
The capital of the Persian Empire where much of the account unfolds.

5. Purim
The Jewish festival established to commemorate the deliverance of the Jews from Haman's plot.

Teaching Points

God's Sovereignty and Providence
The account of Esther highlights God's unseen hand in orchestrating events for the deliverance of His people. Trust in God's sovereignty even when His presence is not immediately visible.

The Power of Courageous Faith
Esther's bravery in approaching the king demonstrates the impact of faith and courage. Believers are called to stand firm in their faith, even in the face of adversity.

Joy in Deliverance
The transformation from sorrow to joy is a recurring theme in the Bible. Christians are reminded to celebrate God's deliverance and share their joy with others.

Community and Generosity
The practice of sending gifts and helping the poor during Purim emphasizes the importance of community and generosity. Believers are encouraged to support one another and extend kindness to those in need.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the account of Esther demonstrate God's providence, and how can we apply this understanding to our own lives?

2. In what ways can we exhibit the same courage and faith as Esther in our daily challenges?

3. How can we turn our own times of sorrow into joy, drawing from the example of the Jews in Esther 9:22?

4. What are some practical ways we can incorporate the principles of community and generosity found in Esther 9:22 into our church and personal lives?

5. How do the themes of deliverance and celebration in Esther connect with the broader account of redemption found throughout the Bible?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 50:20
Joseph's statement about God turning evil intentions into good parallels the transformation of sorrow into joy in Esther.

Psalm 30:11
The psalmist speaks of God turning mourning into dancing, similar to the joy experienced by the Jews in Esther.

Romans 8:28
The assurance that God works all things for good for those who love Him is evident in the deliverance of the Jews.

2 Corinthians 9:7
The act of giving gifts and helping the poor during Purim reflects the cheerful giving encouraged by Paul.