For I tell you that unless your righteousness exceeds that of the scribes and Pharisees, you will never enter the kingdom of heaven. Sermons I. IN WHAT RESPECTS THE CHRISTIAN RIGHTEOUSNESS IS TO BE SUPERIOR TO THAT OF THE SCRIBES AND THE PHARISEES. Israel was most famous for the holiness of her religion and the righteousness of her Law; the scribes were the trained teachers of the Law, skilled in making the most of it; the Pharisees were the professed examples of highest obedience to the Law. Yet Christ expects his disciples not only to be better than publicans and sinners; there is no hope for them unless their righteousness surpasses that of the official teachers and the professed saints of Judaism. Consider in what respects this is looked for. 1. In reality. The revered teachers and examples of Israel, as a class, were not good men at all. The teachers did not walk in the strict path they pointed out to others; the examples were but theatrical pretenders. Christ called them "hypocrites." But Christ is true and real. He expects a genuine righteousness. He will not endure the mockery of a character that professes what it does not perform. 2. In depth. The righteousness of Judaism, even when genuine, was too external. It consisted too much in deeds of the hands, too little in thoughts of the heart. But Christ looks for inward righteousness - the pure heart. He forbids hate as murder, and lust as adultery. 3. In positiveness. The Law dealt largely with negatives. Its refrain was, "Thou shalt not." The righteousness of later Judaism was chiefly a matter of restraints. This is always the case in a stiffened, formal system. But Christ expects a positive goodness, a spirit of living energy in religion - love and its outflowing activity of service. II. WHY THE CHRISTIAN RIGHTEOUSNESS IS TO BE OF THIS HIGH CHARACTER. It may seem that Christ is binding a heavy yoke on the shoulders of his disciples. Is this consistent with his gracious promises and gospel invitations? Consider the reasons for such a requirement. 1. The blessedness of righteousness. This was clearly set forth in the Beatitudes. If it is good for a man to be righteous, it is no hardship that Christ should require a lofty standard; for this means a higher joy. 2. The obligations of light. Christ was a Light revealing a fuller righteousness, teaching it in his words, illustrating it by his conduct. It is reasonable that he should expect more from those who enjoy the privilege of his light than from those who have not received it. We may forgive in the night a stumbling which is unpardonable in broad daylight. Christians are expected to be better than heathens, better even than Jews, because they know more of God's will and how to fulfil it. 3. The encouragements of grace. The Law cannot secure righteousness; the gospel can do this. Christ brings to us a God-made righteousness, and he gives us the power to be all that he expects of us (Romans 3:21, 22). His demand is only that we will not frustrate the working of his grace in us. - W.F.A.
Your righteousness shall exceed. I. What is the nature of the righteousness God accepts from us? It is a righteousness in excess of the most scrupulous moralist.1. A Christian righteousness exceeds a natural or Jewish in that it is positive and not negative. 2. All other righteousness does the orders of God: this does His will. Here lies the greater part of the Christian's obedience — in doing what he knows will please, though it was never laid down. 3. The motive is different. 4. As the moving power is within, so the righteousness is first an inward righteousness. 5. No wonder that such an inner righteousness when it is wrought out, goes very deep, and soars very high. It does not calculate how little it can do for God, but how much. 6. The righteousness of Christ is the exceeding righteousness; in this only can we stand before a holy God.(J. Vaughan, M. A.) I. WHAT IS THAT RIGHTEOUSNESS WHICH MUST FAIL IF RELIED ON FOR ENTRANCE TO THE KINGDOM OF HEAVEN, Much in it that was good but only external. It was heart-deficiency.II. THE RIGHTEOUSNESS WHICH WILL OF NECESSITY BE EFFECTUAL Exceed it — 1. In regard to its source. 2. In its quality. (1) (2) (3) (4) (G. Fisk, LL. B.) 1. The seat of righteousness. Both Pharisee and Christian look alike in their conduct; the latter from the heart. 2. The righteousness of the Pharisee is limited by the narrow rule of sectarianism, that of the Christian is wide as the Word of God. 3. The righteousness of the Pharisee is at fault in its source. Its beginning and end is self. Christ is our righteousness. II. IT EXCELS. 1. In the object of its faith. 2. In enabling the Christian to reach heaven. (W. D. Harwood.) I. In KIND. II. IN SPIRIT. 1. Not of mere outward zeal for the law, but of inward conformity. 2. Not of servile fear, but of filial confidence. 3. Not of religious pride, but of devout humility. III. In AIM, not to be seen of men. 1. This will rectify our judgment of righteousness. 2. Animate our pursuit of righteousness. 3. Brighten our prospect of righteousness (2 Timothy 4:8). (Prof. Griffith, M. A.) II. The nature of that righteousness necessary to our entering the kingdom of God. Ours must " exceed " theirs in its origin, nature, extent, end, effects. The revelation of this righteousness is given in God's blessed Word. It is obtained by faith in the Lord Jesus Christ. who is made unto us, "wisdom," etc. The purity of the Divine law, etc., render this righteousness necessary. (Dr. Burns.) 1. Orthodox. 2. Popular. 3. Moral. 4. Zealous. II. ITS DEFECTIVENESS. 1. Superstitious. 2. Servile. III. THE RIGHTEOUSNESS COMMANDED. 1. Personal. 2. Through faith. 3. Originating in love. (W. W. Whythe.) (Beecher.) 1. A speculative knowledge of the truth and doctrines of religion. 2. A scrupulous observance of the forms of religion. 3. A freedom from scandalous sins. II. ITS DEFECTIVENESS AND INSUFFICIENCY. 1. The righteousness here spoken of is insufficient for justification. 2. It is insufficient as the evidence of a justified state. It fell short in three respects. (1) (2) (3) 3. How delighted we should be that our righteousness does exceed that of the Scribes and Pharisees. (E. Cooper.) 1. There is the religion of simple technical observances. 2. There is a religion of conduct, or morality. 3. There is the religion of spirituality: this contemplates God and ignores man's needs. 4. There is the religion of morality and spirituality. Right conduct springing from right motives. Let us look at the nature and value of morality. I. Morality may be defined as conformity to the laws of our condition. The laws of the body, the law of fellowship, civil laws. II. The advantages of morality. 1. It is the gateway of spirituality. 2. All the things that come within the range of morality are good in themselves. 3. It has a tendency to educate men. 4. When men try to place themselves in conformity to the law of morals they put themselves in a line in which they will be illumined and carried to a higher Christian experience. 5. We must not suppose that morality is a substitute for the higher forms of religion. 6. It must not be a mask for self-indulgence. 7. Morality relates especially to this life, but religion to eternity, as fully realized in immortal existence. (H. W. Beecher.)A shipmaster wants to anchor. He throws out his anchor, and puts out his cable, and comes within about. twenty feet of the bottom. It is not any longer. What is it good for? It is good as far as it goes; but it does not go far enough to touch the bottom, and therefore it is not good for anything. (H. W. Beecher.) I. DESCRIBE THE RIGHTEOUSNESS OF THE PHARISEES. 1. They were celebrated for their knowledge. As Scribes, they were acquainted with the Scriptures. 2. In religious matters they were particular and earnest. Always at temple, earnest at prayer. 3. They were wonderfully generous. They gave tithes of all they possessed. 4. They were held in high esteem by their fellow-countrymen. 5. Can you hope to excel them? Out of Christ you cannot. II. HOW THEN IS IT POSSIBLE TO ENTER INTO THE KINGDOM OF HEAVEN? Two ways: 1. By works. 2. By faith. No thoroughfare along the first way. In nature's loom we cannot weave a better righteousness. Christ's righteousness exceeds; as the sunlight exceeds the glimmer of the glow-worm. (Thomas Spurgeon.) II. The Pharisees, the formalists in religious life. (Dean Alford.) (T. Spurgeon.) (T. Spurgeon.) I. Divorce of religion from common life. II. Overlaying of the spirit of God's law by the letter. III. Ostentation in the performance of their so-called religious duties, and uncharitable judgment of others. Pharisaism is a form of righteousness that is not extinct among us. (Dr. W. M. Taylor.)Here we have two things to consider: I. What was the righteousness of the Scribes and the Pharisees? II. How far that is to be exceeded by the righteousness of Christians. I. (1) The Pharisees obeyed the commandments in the letter, not in the spirit. They minded what God spake, but not what He intended; they were busy in the outward work of the hand, but not careful of the affections and choice of the heart. This was just as if a man should run on his master's errand, and do no business when he came there.(2) The Scribes and Pharisees placed their righteousness in negatives; they would not commit what was forbidden, but they cared little for the included positive, and the omissions of good actions did not much trouble them.(3) They broke Moses's tables into pieces, and gathering up the fragments, took to themselves what part of duty they pleased, and let the rest alone. II. (1) When it is said our "righteousness must exceed that of the Scribes and Pharisees," we must do all that lies before us, all that is in our hand; the outward work must be done, and it is not enough to say " my heart went right, but my hand went aside."(2) Our righteousness must exceed that of the Scribes and Pharisees, by extension of our obedience to things of the same signification. Whatever ministers to sin, and is the way of it, it partakes of its nature and its curse.(3) Christ's commandments extend our duty, not only to what is named, and what is not named of the same nature and design, but that we abstain from all such things as are like to sins. Of this there are many. All violences of passion, prodigality of our time, doing things unworthy our birth or profession, aptness to go to law, misconstruction of the words and actions of our brother, easiness to believe evil of others, willingness to report the evil we hear, indiscreet and importune standing for place, and other things prohibited by the Christian and royal law of charity. (Jeremy Taylor.) 1. It was a righteousness of the outward letter rather than of the inward spirit. They washed their hands, but not their hearts. 2. Another defect in their righteousness was its narrowness and partiality. God's commandment is exceeding broad; condemns anger as well as murder. 3. It contented itself too much with mere abstinences and negatives. 4. They mutilated the law's proper unity, reversed the principle that failure in one point makes guilty of all, and considered it enough to keep the law in general. 5. It leaned more on the blood in the veins than on thorough obedience in the life. They were of Jacob. 6. Their greatest defect was their self-sufficiency. (J. A. Seiss, D. D.) (Beecher.) 2377 kingdom of God, entry into 2333 Christ, attitude to OT 2363 Christ, preaching and teaching June 9. "Ye are the Light of the World" (Matt. v. 14). The Eighth Beatitude Salt Without Savour The First Beatitude The Second Beatitude The Fourth Beatitude The Fifth Beatitude The Sixth Beatitude The Seventh Beatitude The New Sinai The Lamp and the Bushel The New Form of the Old Law 'Swear not at All' Non-Resistance The Law of Love Redemption On that which is Written in the Gospel, Matt. v. 16, "Even So Let Your Light Shine Before Men, that they May See Your Good Works, On the Words of the Gospel, Matt. v. 22, "Whosoever Shall Say to his Brother, Thou Fool, Shall be in Danger of the Hell of Fire. " Upon Our Lord's SermonOn the Mount The Christian Aim and Motive. A Call to Holy Living Persistency in Wrong Doing. "That the Righteousness of the Law Might be Fulfilled in Us," |