Topical Bible: Aegypt

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Introduction:
Aegypt, commonly referred to as Egypt in modern translations, is a significant geographical and cultural location in the biblical narrative. It is situated in the northeastern corner of Africa and is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north. In biblical times, Egypt was a powerful and influential civilization, known for its advanced culture, monumental architecture, and pivotal role in the history of the Israelites.

Biblical Significance:
Egypt is frequently mentioned in the Bible, serving as both a place of refuge and a land of oppression for the Israelites. Its dual role highlights the complex relationship between Egypt and the people of God.

1. Egypt as a Place of Refuge:
· Abraham and Sarah: In Genesis 12:10, during a famine in Canaan, Abram (later Abraham) and Sarai (later Sarah) went down to Egypt to sojourn there. This event marks the beginning of Egypt's role as a place of refuge for the patriarchs.
· Joseph and His Family: Joseph, one of Jacob's sons, was sold into slavery and taken to Egypt (Genesis 37:28). Through God's providence, Joseph rose to become a powerful leader in Egypt, second only to Pharaoh. During a severe famine, Joseph's position allowed him to provide refuge for his family, bringing them to Egypt (Genesis 45:9-11).

2. Egypt as a Land of Oppression:
· The Israelites' Enslavement: Over time, the Israelites' presence in Egypt turned from refuge to bondage. A new Pharaoh, who did not know Joseph, enslaved the Israelites, fearing their growing numbers (Exodus 1:8-14). This period of oppression lasted for several centuries.
· The Exodus: The most significant event involving Egypt is the Exodus, where God delivered the Israelites from slavery. Through Moses, God sent ten plagues upon Egypt, culminating in the death of the firstborn, which led Pharaoh to release the Israelites (Exodus 12:31-32). The crossing of the Red Sea and the subsequent destruction of the Egyptian army (Exodus 14:21-28) are pivotal moments in Israel's history.

3. Prophetic References and Symbolism:
· Judgment and Restoration: Egypt is often mentioned in the prophetic books as a symbol of worldly power and idolatry. Prophets like Isaiah and Jeremiah prophesied judgment against Egypt for its pride and opposition to God's people (Isaiah 19:1-4; Jeremiah 46:25-26). However, there are also promises of restoration and blessing, indicating Egypt's future role in God's redemptive plan (Isaiah 19:19-25).
· Symbol of Worldly Alliances: Throughout the Old Testament, Egypt is frequently depicted as a tempting but unreliable ally for Israel. The prophets warned against relying on Egypt for military support instead of trusting in God (Isaiah 31:1; Ezekiel 29:6-7).

Cultural and Historical Context:
Egypt was renowned for its advanced civilization, including achievements in writing, architecture, and governance. The construction of the pyramids, the development of hieroglyphic writing, and the establishment of a centralized state are hallmarks of ancient Egyptian culture. The Nile River, Egypt's lifeline, provided fertile land and supported a thriving agricultural economy.

New Testament References:
In the New Testament, Egypt is mentioned in the context of Jesus' early life. After the visit of the Magi, Joseph was warned in a dream to take Mary and Jesus to Egypt to escape King Herod's massacre of the infants (Matthew 2:13-15). This event fulfilled the prophecy, "Out of Egypt I called My Son" (Hosea 11:1; Matthew 2:15).

Conclusion:
While Egypt's role in the Bible is multifaceted, it serves as a backdrop for God's unfolding plan of salvation. From a place of refuge to a land of bondage, and ultimately a symbol of God's sovereignty over nations, Egypt's presence in the biblical narrative underscores the themes of deliverance, judgment, and redemption.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

Aegypt

[EGYPT]

Library

Footnotes
... 240 Ibid., ii.79, ip546. 241 Epist. ad episcop. AEgypt., &c., i.1, p.272. 242 Contra
Arian., i.12, ip416. 243 Apolog. contra Arianos, ii. vol. ip133. ...
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