Footnotes
1 {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}.

2 Zur Geschichte des Kanons, pp 3-68.

3 Clement. Hom. ap. Coteler, vol. i. p.608.

4 Stromata, vi.15, p.803, ed. Potter.

5 Adv. Haeres., i.95.

6 Ap. Euseb. H. E., v.24.

7 De praescript. Haereticorum, chs.12, 13.

8 Comment. in Mat. iii. p.916; ed. Delarue.

9 {GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA}.

10 Monumenta vetera ad Donatistarum historiam petinentia, ed. Dupin, p.168.

11 {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}.

12 At the end of the Iambi ad Seleucum, on the books of the New Testament, he adds, {GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PSI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH VARIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI AND OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH PSILI AND OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH PERISPOMENI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH PERISPOMENI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}.

13 Prologus galeatus in ii. Reg.

14 Expos. in Symb. Apost., 37, p.374, ed. Migne.

15 {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA}.

16 {GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA} and {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA}.

17 {GREEK CAPITAL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ZETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}.

18 Such as {GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH DASIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}.

19 {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ZETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA} or {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}.

20 {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA}.

21 Orat. de Ordin., vol. ii. p.44.

22 {HEBREW LETTER GIMEL}{HEBREW LETTER NUN}{HEBREW LETTER ZAYIN}. The Jews applied the word genuzim to books withdrawn from public use, whose contents were thought to be out of harmony with the doctrinal or moral views of Judaism when the canon was closed. See Fuerst's Der Kanon des alten Testaments, p.127, note; and Geiger's Urschrift, p.201.

23 {GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}.

24 H. E. Il.23, III.3-16.

25 Stromata, lib. iii. p.1134, ed. Migne.

26 Prolog. ad Cant., opp., vol. iii. p.36.

27 {GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER PSI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA}.

28 See Suicer's Thesaurus, s.v.

29 {GREEK CAPITAL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}, libri ecclesiastici.

30 In his epistle to Laeta he uses the epithet in its customary sense, of books unauthentic, not proceeding from the authors whose names they bear. Opp. vol. i. p.877, ed. Migne.

31 Num. xxi.14.

32 Joshua x.12, 13; 2 Sam. i.18.

33 2 Sam. viii.16; 1 Kings iv.3.

34 Isaiah, xl.-lxvi.

35 Chap. xiv.23-50, &c. See Hilgenfeld's Messias Judaerorum, p.107.

36 See Buxtorf's Tiberias, chap. x., p.88, &c.; and Herzfeld's Geschichte des Volkes Israel, vol. i. p.380, &c. Zwoelfter Excursus.

37 Chapter i.

38 {HEBREW LETTER AYIN}{HEBREW LETTER LAMED} {HEBREW LETTER YOD}{HEBREW LETTER DALET}{HEBREW LETTER YOD}. Does this mean for, instead of, as Bloch understands it? Waehner inserts, to fill up the sense, "some of which, however, were composed by;" but this is far-fetched. See Antiquitates Ebraeorum, p.13.

39 Fol.15, 1.

40 {HEBREW LETTER PE}{HEBREW LETTER HET}{HEBREW LETTER KAF}.

41 Studien zur Geschichte der Sammlung der althebraeischen Literatur, p.127, &c.

42 vii.12, {GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}, not {GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH DASIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH OXIA}.

43 That the Scribes always adhered to the prohibition to write no religious laws and ordinances cannot be held, even in the face of the Talmudic saying, {HEBREW LETTER KAF}{HEBREW LETTER VAV}{HEBREW LETTER HET}{HEBREW LETTER KAF} {HEBREW LETTER HE}{HEBREW LETTER YOD}{HEBREW LETTER LAMED}{HEBREW LETTER KAF}{HEBREW LETTER VAV}{HEBREW LETTER HE} {HEBREW LETTER KAF}{HEBREW LETTER SHIN}{HEBREW LETTER VAV}{HEBREW LETTER RESH}{HEBREW LETTER FINAL PE} {HEBREW LETTER HET}{HEBREW LETTER VAV}{HEBREW LETTER RESH}{HEBREW LETTER HE} (writers of Halacoth are like a burner of the law). This may apply to the late scribes or bookmen, not to the earlier. The greater part of Geiger's Urschrift is based on the opposite idea. As the reverence for former scholars increased, the Talmudic saying might be accepted. See Temura, 14 b.

44 Chapter ix.2.

45 Chapter ii.13.

46 Antiq. xii.10, 1.

47 Josephus's Antiq., xiii.5, 8; 1 Maccab., xii.35.

48 1 Maccab., xiii.36.

49 Sota, 24 a.

50 {HEBREW LETTER MEM}{HEBREW LETTER BET}{HEBREW LETTER YOD}{HEBREW LETTER NUN}{HEBREW LETTER YOD}{HEBREW LETTER FINAL MEM}, Nehemiah viii.3.

51 Talmudic tradition, which attributes the redaction of the book to the men of the great synagogue who are said to have acted under the influence of the divine spirit, separates the three apocryphal pieces from the rest; but this arose from the desire of discountenancing the idea that the work consists of romance and legend. Such later tradition took curious ways of justifying the canonicity of Daniel and the redaction of it by the great synagogue, ex gr., the assumption that the second part arose out of a series of unconnected Megiloth which were not reduced to chronological order. Still the Midrash maintains that Daniel, or the person writing in his name, was no prophet, like Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi, but a man of visions, an apocalyptist. It was a general belief, that visions had come into the place of prophecy when the book appeared. The Greek translation could not have been long after the original, because it is used in the First Book of Maccabees. The interval between the Hebrew and the Greek was inconsiderable. The translator not only departed from, but added to, the original, inserting such important pieces as the Prayer of Azarias, the Song of the Three Children, the history of Susanna, and that of Bel and the Dragon. Whether any of these had been written before is uncertain. Most of the traditions they embody were probably reduced to writing by the translator, and presented in his peculiar style. The assertion, that Josephus was unacquainted with these additions is hazardous, since the way in which he speaks of Daniel's fame (Antiq. x.11, 7), and especially of the books he wrote ({GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}), supposes some relation to them. Elsewhere he speaks of one book (x.10, 4; xi.8, 5), where he may have thought of the canonical part.

52 {HEBREW LETTER PE}{HEBREW LETTER TAV}{HEBREW LETTER VAV}{HEBREW LETTER BET}{HEBREW LETTER YOD}{HEBREW LETTER SAMEKH}, translated by the Greek {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH DASIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}, hagiographa.

53 It has been thought that the phrase {HEBREW LETTER PE}{HEBREW LETTER AYIN}{HEBREW LETTER LAMED}{HEBREW LETTER YOD} {HEBREW LETTER ALEF}{HEBREW LETTER MEM}{HEBREW LETTER PE}{HEBREW LETTER VAV}{HEBREW LETTER TAV} in the ninth verse alludes to the great council or synagogue. This conjecture is plausible on various grounds. The reasons for attributing the epilogue to a later time than the writer of the book appear to be stronger than those assigning it to the original author. The 13th and 14th verses in particular, are unlike Coheleth.

54 {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}; {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH PERISPOMENI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}. The younger Sirach does not use {GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH VARIA}, which would have been a proper translation of c'tubim. Does not this {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA} imply the non-application of the specific title c'tubim to the hagiographa at that time, and therefore the idea that the third canon was still open?

55 Contra Apion, i.8.

56 In Maaser Sheni, Sota 24.1, the duumvirate or suggoth, consisting of the president, Nasi, and vice-president, Ab-beth-din, are referred to Hyrcanus's creation. Zunz affirms that it originated in the time of Simon, son of Mattathias, 142 B.C.

57 Antiq., xiv., 9.

58 Der gerichtliche Beweis, p.68.

59 The Sanhedrim properly so called ceased under R. Judah I., Ha-Nasi, when the council of seventy members which sat at Sepphoris before his patriarchate, transferred its privileges to him, on his removal to that place. The court was then merged in the patriarch.

60 {HEBREW LETTER NUN}{HEBREW LETTER NUN}{HEBREW LETTER VAV}{HEBREW LETTER ZAYIN}{HEBREW LETTER YOD}{HEBREW LETTER FINAL MEM} literally concealed, withdrawn from public use.

61 See Fuerst's Der Kanon des alten Testaments, u.s.w. pp.147, 148.

62 Tract. Sabbat. ch. i.

63 Because of its profane spirit and Epicurean ideas; see Adoyot v.3.

64 Yadayim v.3.

65 See Graetz's Kohelet, pp.162, 163.

66 The sages wished to pronounce Coheleth apocryphal, because its statements are contradictory. And why have they not declared it apocryphal? Because it begins with words of the law, and ends with words of the law, for it opens with the words "What advantage has man in all his labor wherewith he labors under the sun?" &c., &c. -- Sabbat.30 b.

So also in the Midrash: "The sages wished to pronounce Coheleth apocryphal," &c., &c. -- Vayyikra rabba 161 b.

67 R. Simeon ben Asai said, "I have received it from the mouth of the 72 elders in the day that R. Eleasar ben Asaria was appointed elder, that the Song of Songs and Coheleth pollute the hands." -- Yadayim v.3.

68 This language was based on a figurative interpretation of the Song. One who said, "Whoever reads such writings as Sirach and the later books loses all part in everlasting life," can have no weight. He outheroded the Palestinian tradition respecting the Jewish productions of later origin, which merely affirms that they "do not pollute the hands." -- (Toss. Yadayim, c.2)

69 Studien zur Geschichte, u. s. w., p.150, &c.

70 Geiger's Urschrift, p.288.

71 See De Goeje in the Theologisch Tijdschriff Jaargang II. (1868) p.179, &c.

72 Zunz's Die gottesdienstlichen Vortraege, pp.101, 102.

73 V.20, p.124, ed. Ueltzen.

74 Dillmann, in the Jahrbuecher fuer deutsche Theologie, dritter Band, p.422.

75 In his Antiq., x.4, 5, and xi.1-5.

76 iv.6, sec.3, and vi.2, sec.1.

77 xi.8, sec.5.

78 Article "Kanon" in Herzog's Encyklopaedie, vol. vii., p.253; and the same author's Prolegomena zur Theologie des alt. Test., pp.91, 92.

79 See Abulfatach's Annal. Samar., p.102, 9, &c.

80 Kirschbaum, Weisse, and Noack.

81 Einleitung in das alte Testament, vol. i. p.133.

82 De vita contemplativa, Opp. Tom. ii., P.475, ed. Mangey.

83 See Credner's Zur Geschichte des Kanons, p.124.

84 De mens. et pond., chapters 22, 23, vol. ii. p.180, ed. Petav.

85 Baba Bathra, fol.14, 2.

86 See Fuerst, Der Kanon u. s. w. p. 14, &c.

87 Studien zur Geschichte der alttestamentliche Literatur, u. s. w., p.18, etc.

88 Hody De Bibliorum textibus originalibus, p.644.

89 Hody gives lists of the order in which the books stand in some early printed editions and in a few MSS., p.645.

90 Die Apokryphen, u. s. w., p.14, &c.

91 Studien und Kritiken for 1853, p.267, &c.

92 A Scholastical History of the Canon, p.22.

93 See Rothe, Zur Dogmatik, Studien u. Kritiken for 1860, p.67, &c. The apostle's argument rests on the occurrence of the singular (seed, {GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}) in Genesis xvii.8 (LXX.), not the plural (seeds, {GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}); though the plural of the corresponding Hebrew word could not have been used, because it has a different signification. Grammatical inaccuracy is made the basis of a certain theological interpretation. Those who wish to see a specimen of labored ingenuity unsuccessfully applied to the justification of St. Paul's argument in this passage, may consult Tholuck's Das alte Testament in neuem Testament, p.63, etc. Vierte Auflage. (Epist. to the Galatians iii.16.)

94 Died 202 A.D.

95 Advers. Hares., v.35, referring to Baruch iv.36, and v. p.335, ed. Massuet.

96 Ibid., iv., 26, referring to Daniel xiii.20 in the Septuagint.

97 Died 220A.D.

98 Paedagog. vi.3.

99 Stromata, ii.23.

100 Stromata, iv.16.

101 Ibid., ii.7.

102 Ex Script. prophet. eclogae, c.1.

103 Stromateis, ii.15.

104 Died 264 A.D.

105 De Natura; Routh's Reliquiae Sacrae, vol. iv. p.356.

106 Fragment. Nicet., in Reliq. Sacrae, vol. ii. p.404.

107 Ibid., p.407.

108 Ibid., p.406.

109 Epistola ad. Dionys. Roman, in Reliq. Sacr., vol. iii. p.195.

110 Reliq. Sacr., vol. ii. p.408.

111 Died 220 A.D.

112 Advers. Valentinianos. ch.2.

113 De Exhortatione Castitatis, ch.2.

114 Contra Gnosticos, ch.8.

115 De Habitu Muliebri, ch.3.

116 Epist. 55, p.110, ed. Fell.

117 De Orat. Domin. p.153.

118 De Exhortat. Martyrii, ch.12, p.182.

119 De Mortal, p.161.

120 De Orat. Domin., p.141.

121 Testim. iii.4, p.62.

122 De Lapsis, p.133, &c.

123 Adv. Noel. v.

124 See Migne's edition, p.689, &c.

125 Died after 171.

126 Ap. Euseb. H. E., lib. iv. ch.26.

127 Died 254, A.D.

128 Ap. Euseb. H. E., lib. iv. ch.25.

129 Comment. in Joann. tom. xxxii. ch.14, ed. Huet. p, 409.

130 Contra Cels. iii.72; vol. i. p.494, ed. Delarue.

131 In Exodus, Hom. vi. i; Levit. Hom. v.2.

132 In Levit., Hom. xii.4.

133 In Lukam, Hom.21.

134 De Oratione, ii. p.215.

135 Opp. ed Delarue, vol. i. p.12.

136 Died 311.

137 Convivium decem virginum, in Combefis's Auctarium bibliothecae Graecorum patrum, p.69.

138 Ibid., p.69.

139 Ibid., p.109.

140 {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}. Ap. Euseb. H. E. iii.39.

141 Davidson's Introduction to the Study of the N. Testam. vol. x. p.388.

142 Explanatio in Epist. ad Titum, vol. iv. p.407, ed. Benedict.

143 Die Valentinianische Gnosis und die heilige Schrift, p.75.

144 A good deal of manipulation has been needlessly employed for the purpose of placing these heretics as early as possible; but nothing definite can be extracted from Irenaeus's notices of them. Hippolytus's use of the present tense, in speaking of them, renders it probable that they were nearly his contemporaries.

145 See the Indexes to Duncker and Schneidewin's edition.

146 Bibliotheca, cod.232.

147 It is an unfounded assumption that Paul cited the passage by "mere accident;" on the contrary, he gives it as canonical, with "as it is written" (1 Corinth. ii.9). It may be that the Gnostics are referred to as using the objectionable passage; but it is special pleading to limit it to them, when Paul has expressly used the same, deriving it either from Isaiah lxiv.4, or some unknown document; just as it is special pleading to identify {GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH DASIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA} standing beside {GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH PERISPOMENI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}, with the New Testament. The word excludes Paul's Epistles from the canon; nor is there any evidence to the contrary, as has been alleged, in the two Syriac epistles attributed to Clement, which Wetstein published. Comp. Eusebius's H. E. iv.22, Photius's Bibliotheca, 232. Apologists have labored to prove Hegesippus an orthodox Catholic Christian, like Irenaeus; but in vain. He was a Jewish Christian of moderate type, holding intercourse with Pauline Christians at the time when the Catholic Church was being formed.

148 See Hilgenfeld's Zeitschrift for 1875-1878.

149 There is {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI AND OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} instead of the Septuagint's and Mark's (Tischend.) {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER CHI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}.

150 Geschichte Jesu von Nazara, vol.1, p.144.

151 See Vision ii, 3, 4, with the prolegomena of De Gebhardt: and Harnack, p. lxxiii.

152 See Holtzmann in Hilgenfeld's Zeitschrift for 1875, p.40, &c.

153 Epist. ch. iv.

154 Chapter xii. pp.30, 31, ed.2, Hilgenfeld.

155 See Chapter xv. end, with Hilgenfeld's note, Barnabae epistula ed. altera, pp.118, 119.

156 Epis. p.13 ed. Hilgenfeld.

157 Zeitschrift fuer wissenschaftliche Theologie, 1871, P.336, etc.

158 Chapters xvi. and iv. In the former the reference is to Enoch lxxxix.56, 66, 67, but the latter is not in the present book of Enoch, though Hilgenfeld thinks he has discovered it in lxxxix.61-64 and xc.17. (Dillmann's Das Buch Henoch, pp.61, 63). Was another apocryphal Jewish book current in the time of Barnabas, under the name of Enoch; or did he confound one document with another, misled by the Greek translation of an apocalyptic work which had fallen into discredit? See Hilgenfeld's Barnabae Epistula, ed.2 pp.77, 78.

159 Chapter xi.

160 Hist. Eccles. iii.39.

161 A small body of literature originating in the fragment of Papias preserved by Eusebius (Hist. Eccles. iii, 39, 1-4) has appeared; though it is difficult to obtain satisfactory conclusions. Not only have Weiffenbach and Leimbach written treatises on the subject, but other scholars have entered into it more or less fully, -- Zahn, Steitz, Riggenbach, Hilgenfeld, Lipsius, Keim, Martens, Loman, Holtzmann, Hausrath, Tietz, and Lightfoot. The fragment is not of great weight in settling the authenticity of the four gospels. Indirectly indeed it throws some light on the connection of two evangelists with written memoirs of the life of Jesus; but it rather suggests than solves various matters of importance. It is tolerably clear that the gospels, if such they may be called, of which he speaks as written by Matthew and Mark, were not identical with the works now existing under the names of these evangelists; and that no safe conclusion can be drawn from Papias's silence about John's and Luke's as not then in existence. Neither the present gospels nor any other had been converted into Scripture; since he regarded oral traditions as more credible than written memoirs. Those who hold that the presbyter John was none other than the apostle, Eusebius having misunderstood the fragment and made a different John from the apostle, as well as the critics who deduce from the fragment the fact that John suffered martyrdom in Palestine, have not established these conclusions. Papias refers to the material he got for explaining the {GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}, rather than the source whence they were drawn. But whether he learnt directly from the elders, or indirectly as the preposition ({GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH VARIA}) would seem to indicate, and whether the sentence beginning with "What Andrew," &c., ({GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA} {GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}. {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}. {GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}.) stands in apposition to the "words of the elders," ({GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH PERISPOMENI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA}) or not, are things uncertain.

162 Epist. ad Philadelph., ch.5 See Hefele's note on the passage. The other well-known passage in chapter viii. is too uncertain in reading and meaning to be adduced here.

163 Chapter iii.

164 To the Ephesians, chapter xii.

165 Epist. ad Romanos, iv.

166 Testam. Benj. 11, p.201, ed. Sinker.

167 Zeitschrift fuer wissenschaftliche Theologie, 1875, p.490, et seq.

168 {GREEK CAPITAL LETTER EPSILON WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI AND OXIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH DASIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH PERISPOMENI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PERISPOMENI} {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH PERISPOMENI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER CHI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}. Sec.103. Here "the apostles" are not necessarily Matthew and John. Apocryphal gospels then current bore the name of apostles or their attendants, -- of Peter, James, Nicodemus, Matthias, &c.

169 {GREEK CAPITAL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH PERISPOMENI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH VARIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH PERISPOMENI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PERISPOMENI} {GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PERISPOMENI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PERISPOMENI} {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH VARIA}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}. {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}. {GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}. Dial. cum Tryph., 106. Here the pronoun {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PERISPOMENI} probably refers to Peter. And the expression "his memoirs" can hardly mean Mark's gospel, since Jerome is the first that calls it such.

170 Dialogus, part ii., p.315, ed. Thirlby. Comp. on Justin, Tjeenk-Willink's Justinus Martyr in zijne Verhouding tot Paulus.

171 Apolog. i.97, ed. Thirlby.

172 Hieronymi Prooem. in Epist. ad Titum.

173 Comp. chap. xii., where {GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA} is applied to the apostolic epistles; a title they did not receive so early as the age of Polycarp. Zahn himself admits this.

174 Chapter xiv.2.

175 Chapter ii.4.

176 See Clementis Romani ad Corinthios quae discuntur epistulae, ed. de Gebhardt et Harnack, 2., sec.10, Prolegomena.

177 Legat. pro Christ. II, 12.

178 Ibid. 33.

179 Chapter xviii.

180 Ap. Euseb. H. E., iv.23.

181 Ap. Euseb. H. E., v.1, p.144, ed. Bright.

182 {GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH PERISPOMENI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA}. Ad Autolycum, iii.14, p.1141, ed Migne.

183 Ibid., ii.22.

184 Epist.151, ad Algasiam.

185 See Overbeck's Studien zur Geschichte der alten Kirche, Abhandlung I., in which the date of the letter is brought down till after Constantine. Surely this is too late.

186 Davidson's Introduction to the Study of the New Testament, vol. ii. p.508, &c.

187 {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}.

188 {GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH DASIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA}.

189 Adves. Haeres., iv.20, 2.

190 Stromateis, ii.6, p.965, ed. Migne.

191 Ibid., iv.17, p.1312.

192 Ibid., i.29, p.928.

193 De Oratione, cap.12.

194 De Pudicitia, cap.10-20.

195 G. of St. Paul's epistles, a MS. of the ninth century according to Tischendorf.

196 See Anger's Ueber den Laodicener Brief, 1843.

197 Fertur etiam ad Laudecences alia ad Alexandrinos Pauli nomine fincte ad hesem Marcionis el alia plura quae in Catholicam ecclesiam recepi non potest. Perhaps a comma should be put after nomine, and fincte joined to what follows, to the alia plura said to be forged in the interest of Marcion.

198 Quarti evangeliorum Johannis ex discipulis cohortantibus condiscipulis et episcopis suis dixit conjejunate mihi odie triduo el quid cuique fuerit revelatum alterutrum nobis ennarremus eadem nocte revelatum Andreae ex apostolis ut recogniscentibus cunctis Johannis suo nomine cuncta discriberet.

199 It is printed and largely commented on by Credner in his Geschichte des neutestamentlichen Kanon edited by Volkmar, p.141, &c., and by Westcott On the Canon, Appendix C, p.466, 2d edition. Many others have explained it; especially Hilgenfeld.

200 About A.D.190.

201 Euseb. H. E. vi.12.

202 Tischendorf edited the Pauline epistles from this MS. Lipsiae, 1852.

203 Died 254 A.D.

204 {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH PERISPOMENI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI} {GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH DASIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}.

205 In one place, however, he calls it very useful and divinely inspired. Comment. in ep. ad Roman., xvi.14.

206 {GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}.

207 Ap. Euseb, Hist. Eccles., vi.25; iii.25, {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}.

208 See Euseb. H. E. vi.25. Comment. in Malth., iii. p.463; Ibid., p.814; Comment. in ep. ad Roman., iv. p.683; in Matth., iii. p.644; Homil. viii. in Numb., ii. p.294; Contra Cels., i.63, p.378; De Principiis praef., i. p.49. Opp., ed. Delarue.

209 Died 340 A.D.

210 Hist. Eccles., iii.25; also 31, 39; vi.13, 14.

211 {GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH DASIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}.

212 {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH PERISPOMENI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH PERISPOMENI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU} {GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}.

213 {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI AND OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH VARIA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH PERISPOMENI}; {GREEK SMALL LETTER PI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH PERISPOMENI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA} (iii.31).

214 This last with the qualification {GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH PSILI AND OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON} {GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA}. In another place he states that it was rejected by some, and therefore it is also along with the {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA} or {GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}.

215 {GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH OXIA}.

216 {GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}.

217 {GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}. Hist. Eccles., ii.23. Christophorson, Schmid, and Hug think that Eusebius gave the opinion of others in this word: but it is more likely that he gave his own, as Valesius thinks. See the note in Schmid's Historia antiqua et vindicatio Canonis, &c., p.358.

218 Ibid., vi.14.

219 See Weber's Beitraege zur Geschichte des neutestamentlichen Kanons, p.142, &c.

220 {GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH DASIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA}. Hist. Eccles., iii.16.

221 Adversus Haeres, iii., II, 8.

222 Adv. Marc. iv.5.

223 De praescript. haeret. c.36.

224 De praescript. haeret. c.32.

225 Ap. Euseb. Hist. Eccles. ii.15 and vi.14.

226 Ignatius von Antiochien, 1873; and Prolegomena to the Patrum Apostolicorum opera, by de Gebhardt, Harnack, and Zahn, Fasciculus, ii.

227 Geschichte des neutest. Kanon, p.217, &c.

228 See Constit. Apostol., p.67, ed Ueltzen.

229 Died 386 A.D.

230 Catech., iv.22, pp.66, 67, ed. Milles.

231 Ibid., xi. p.142.

232 Ibid., vi. p.80.

233 Ibid., ix. pp.115, 122.

234 Ibid., ix. p.115.

235 Ibid., ii. p.31.

236 Ibid., xvi. p.239.

237 Athanasii Opp. ed. Benedict. i.2, pp.962, 963.

238 Orat. contra Arianos, ii.35, vol. i.503, ed. Benedict.

239 Ibid., ii.42, i. p.510.

240 Ibid., ii.79, i. p.546.

241 Epist. ad episcop. AEgypt., &c., i.1, p.272.

242 Contra Arian., i.12, i. p.416.

243 Apolog. contra Arianos, ii. vol. i. p.133.

244 Praepar Evan., i.9.

245 Ibid., xi.14.

246 Ibid., xii.18.

247 Ibid., vi.11.

248 Demon. Evang., vi.19.

249 Died 379 A.D.

250 Homil. in princip. proverb. Opp. ed. Garnier altera, vol. ii. p.140.

251 Constitutiones Monast., c. iii.2. Ibid., p.779.

252 Adv. Eunom, vol. i. p.417.

253 De Spiritu Sancto, c. viii. vol. iii. p.23.

254 In Princip. Proverb, vol. ii. p.152.

255 Died 389 A.D.

256 Opp. ed. Migne, vol. iii. pp.473, 474.

257 Gregorii Nazianzeni, Opp. ed. Migne, vol. iii. pp.473, 474.

258 Died 395 A.D.

259 Iambi ad Seleucum; in Greg. Naz. Opp. ii. p.194.

260 Died 403 A.D.

261 {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}. Adv. Haeres, i. p.19. See Haeres, iii. tom. i. p.941. De ponder. et mensur.23.

262 Advers. Haeres, lib. i., tom.2 ed. Petav. Paris, 1662, p.72.

263 Ibid., lib. ii. tom. ii. p.781.

264 Ibid., lib. ii. tom. i. p.580.

265 Ibid., lib, ii. tom. i. p.481.

266 Ibid., lib. i. tom. ii. p.157.

267 Haeres, xxx.15.

268 Died 392 A.D.

269 Enarrat. in ep. S. Petri secundam, p.1774 ed Migne.

270 Died 407 A.D.

271 See Montfaucon in his edition of Chrysostom's Works, vol. vi. pp.364, 365, ed. Paris, 1835.

272 Expos. in Psalm cix.7. See also xi.1 in Genes, where Wisdom xiv.3 is cited.

273 Expos. in Psalm xlix.3.

274 De Lazaro, ii.4.

275 Died 392 A.D.

276 De Trinitate, iii.2. p.792 ed. Migne.

277 Fragmenta in Epist.2 ad Corinthios, when Baruch, iii.3, is quoted like Psalm 101, p.1697.

278 De Spirit. sanct. i. p.1033.

279 Died 428 A.D.

280 See Leontius Byzantinus contra Nestorianos et Eutychianos, lib. iii. in Gallandi Bibliotheca, xii. p.690. Comp. Fritzsche De Theodori Mopsuesteni vita et scriptis, Halae, 1836.

281 Died 444 A.D.

282 Contra Julian, i. p.541, ed. Migne.

283 Ibid., p.815.

284 Ibid., p.921.

285 In Isaim, ed. Migne, p.93.

286 P.859, vol. i.

287 P.910, vol. i., ed. Migne.

288 {GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ZETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH OXIA}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}, {GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH DASIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}.

289 {GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA} {GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER MU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON}{GREEK SMALL LETTER NU}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}.

290 Died 430 A.D.

291 The forty-four books are, 5 of Moses, Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 4 Kings, 2 Chronicles, Job, Tobit, Esther, Judith, 2 Maccabees, Ezra, Nehemiah, Psalms, 3 of Solomon, Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus, 12 Prophets, 4 greater do. De Doctrina Christiana ii.8.

292 Contra Gaudent. i.38. Opp. Paris, 1837, vol. ix. p.1006.

293 De Doctr. Christ. ii.8. Civitat. Dei. xviii.20, 1.

294 De Praesdest. Sanct. i.11.

295 Retractt. i.10.

296 De Peccat. merit. i.50; Opp. vol. x. p.137, ed. Migne.

297 Mansi, tom. iii. p.924.

298 Ibid., p.891.

299 Died 420 A.D.

300 Prologus galeatus in Libros Regum. Epist. ad Paulinum.

301 In Herbst's Einleit., erster Theil, p.37.

302 Opp. ed. Benedict., Vol. IV., pp.679, 684, 750.

303 Ep. ad Dardan. Opp. vol. i. P.1103, ed. Migne.

304 See Onomastica Sacra; Comment. in Ep. ad Philem; De Viris illustr.

305 Died 368 A.D.

306 Prolog. in Psalm., Opp. ed. Migne, vol. i. p.241.

307 De Trinitate iv.16.

308 Ex. Op. Hist. Fragmentum, iii. vol. ii. p.672 ed. Migne.

309 In cxxvii. Psalm.

310 In Psalm cxxvi.6.

311 In Psalm lxviii.19, and De Trinitate, iv.42.

312 Ibid., iv.8.

313 Died about 370 A.D.

314 De Schismate Donatist, iii.3.

315 Ibid., ii.25.

316 Died about 370 A.D.

317 De non parcendo, &c., ed. Coleti, p.190.

318 Ibid., p.236.

319 Ibid., p.187.

320 Pro Athanasio, lib. i. p.98.

321 Ibid., p.105.

322 Ibid., lib. ii. pp.127, 128.

323 Died 397 A.D.

324 De Spiritu Sancto iii.18.

325 De bono mortis viii.

326 In Psalm cxviii., Sermo.118, 2.

327 De Spirit. Sancto. iii., vi.39.

328 Liber de Tobia.

329 Died 410 A.D.

330 Expos. in Symbol. Apostol., pp.373, 374, ed. Migne.

331 Died about 387 A.D.

332 De Haeres. chs.60 and 61, in Galland, vii. pp.424, 425.

333 Apud Mansi, iii. pp.1040, 1041.

334 Credner's Zur Geschichte des Kanons, p.151, &c., and Thiel's Epistolae Romanorum Pontificum genuinae, tom. i.

335 Mansi iv. p.430.

336 Opp. Graec., tom. ii. P.327, ed. Rom.1746.

337 Ibid., tom. i. p.101.

338 Tom. iii. p.60.

339 Galland, xii. p.79, &c.

340 See Dillmann in Ewald's Jahrbuecher, v. p.144, &c.

341 Died 599 A.D.

342 See Credner's Zur Gesch. des Kanons, p.97, &c.

343 Died 891 A.D.

344 Nomocanon, Titulus III., cap.2, vol. iv. pp.1050, 1051 ed. Migne.

345 See Codd.113, 126.

346 Died 754 A.D.

347 Died 636 A.D.

348 Etymolog. vi.1.

349 Died 604 A.D.

350 Died 912 A.D.

351 Died 735 A.D.

352 Died 804 A.D.

353 Died 856 A.D.

354 Died 1141 A.D.

355 Died 1156 A.D.

356 Died 1182 A.D.

357 1270 A.D.

358 Died 1263 A.D.

359 Died 1384 A.D.

360 Died 1340 A.D.

361 See Hody, p.648, &c.

362 Chemnitz calls seven books of the New Testament apocryphos, because of their uncertain authorship (see Examen Concilii Tridentini, p.45, &c.)

363 See Tholuck's Kommentar zum Briefe an die Hebraeer, zweite Auflage, pp.55, 86.

364 Carlstadt's treatise is reprinted in Credner's Zur Geschichte des Kanons.

365 Werke, edited by Schuler and Schulthess, vol. ii. p.169.

366 Ep. ad. Valdenses, 1530, apud. Sculteti annal. evang. renovat decas secunda, pp.313, 314.

367 Ibid.

368 Hug says that his copy of Widmanstad's edition had the Acts immediately following the Gospels.

369 Epist. ad Paulinum.

370 Hom. vii. in Josua.

371 De Bibliorum textibus originalibus, &c., p.654.

372 Ibid., p.664.

373 See Zacagni's Collectanea monumentorum veterum Praefat, p. lxxi., &c.

374 See Volkmar's Anhang to Crednet's Geschichte des N. T. Kanon, p.341, &c.; and Hody De Bibliorum textibus originalibus, p.644, &c.

375 Niemeyer's Collectio Confessionum, p.468.

376 Ibid., p.330.

377 Ibid., pp.361, 362.

378 See Herzog's Die Romanischen Waldenser, p.55, &c.; and his programm De origine et pristino statu Waldensium, &c., pp.17, 40, 41.

379 Leger's Histoire des Eglises Vaudoises, vol. i., p.112, &c.

380 The reason given for their being added as a separate appendix is that they are cited by some fathers and found in some Latin Bibles.

381 Kimmel's Monumenta fidei eccles. orient, part i. p.467.

382 Died 791 A.D.

383 Abhandlung von freier Untersuchung des Canons, 4 parts, Halle, 1771-1775.

384 See Toland's Nazarenus, p.25, &c., second edition; and Morgan's Moral Philosopher, vol. i. p.56, &c.

385 For example, "Moses is dead; his rule went out when Christ came -- he is of no further service here.... We are willing to regard him as a teacher, but we will not regard him as our lawgiver, unless he agree with the New Testament and the law of nature." Saemmtliche Schriften, ed. Walch. dritter Theil., pp.7, 8.

386 Such as Calovius, Chemnitz, John Gerhard, W. Lyser, Quenstedt, Brochmand, Hollaz, &c. Melancthon also makes no important distinction between the two Testaments in his Loci theologici. Calvin's theology was derived from the Old Testament more than the New.

387 His full sayings are collected in Bretschneider's Luther an unsere Zeit, pp.186-224; and in Krause's Opuscula theologica, pp.205-241.

388 Loci Theologici Tom. i. pp.186, 187, ed. Cotta, 1762.

389 Theologia Didactico-polemica, p.340.

390 See Jones's new and full method of settling the canonical authority of the New Testament, Vol. I., Part i., chap.5. page 52, ed.1726.

391 Ecclesia sua autoritate nullum librum facit canonicum, quippe canonica scripturae autoritas est a solo Deo, &c. Gerhard's Loci Theologici, tom. i. p.4, ed. Cotta. Autoritas scripturae quoad nos nihil allud est, quam manifestatio et cognitio unicae illius divinae et summae autoritatis, quae scriptum est interna et insita. Ecclesia igitur non confert scripturae novam aliquam autoritatem quoad nos, sed testificatione sua ad agnitionem illius; veritatis nos deducit. Concedimus, ecclesiam esse scripturae sacrae testem, custodem, vindicem, praeconem, et interpretem; sed negarnus, ex eo effici, quod autoritas scripturae sive simpliciter sive quoad nos ab ecclesia pendeat et quidem unice, pendeat. -- Ibid., tomus secundus, p.39, ed. Cotta.

chapter xi the canon from
Top of Page
Top of Page