Ruth 2:23
So Ruth stayed close to the servant girls of Boaz to glean grain until the barley and wheat harvests were finished. And she lived with her mother-in-law.
So Ruth stayed close to the servant girls of Boaz

Ruth remained within the protection of Boaz’s workers, following his instruction and avoiding the dangers that a foreign widow might face in other fields. Her humility, diligence, and willingness to receive provision through God’s appointed means marked her growing place among the people of Israel.

Pro 31:15 She rises while it is still night to provide food…
1Sa 25:42 So Abigail hurried and got on a donkey, and attended by five…
Gen 24:61 Then Rebekah and her servant girls got ready…

to glean grain

Israel’s law commanded landowners to leave portions of the harvest for the poor, the widow, and the foreigner (Leviticus 19:9–10; Deuteronomy 24:19–22). Ruth gathered what others left behind, yet the Lord was quietly providing for her through Boaz’s generosity. Her dependence upon grace anticipates the provision God gives His people through the greater Redeemer, Christ.

Lev 19:9-10 When you reap the harvest of your land, you are not to…
Lev 23:22 When you reap the harvest of your land, …
Deu 24:19-22 If you are harvesting in your field and forget a sheaf…

until the barley and wheat harvests were finished.

The barley harvest began in early spring, and the wheat harvest followed into early summer. Ruth’s labor therefore continued for weeks, perhaps months, supplying food for herself and Naomi through a sustained season of need. Her perseverance prepared the way for the events that would unfold in Boaz’s role as kinsman-redeemer.

Rut 1:22 So Naomi returned from the land of Moab…
1Sa 12:17 Is it not the wheat harvest today? I will call on the LORD…
Deu 16:9-11 You are to count off seven weeks from the time…

And she lived with her mother-in-law.

Ruth’s faithfulness to Naomi continued without interruption. Having left Moab and her former life, she embraced Naomi’s God and people with covenant loyalty. Their shared household displays the steadfast love that God was preserving within the family line through which David, and ultimately the Messiah, would come.

Rut 1:16-18 But Ruth replied: “Do not urge me to leave you”…
1Ti 5:3-4 Honor the widows who are truly widows.…
Jas 1:27 Pure and undefiled religion before our God and Father…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Ruth
A Moabite widow who has shown great loyalty to her mother-in-law, Naomi, by staying with her and adopting her people and God. Ruth is a central figure in this account, demonstrating faithfulness and hard work.

2. Naomi
Ruth's mother-in-law, who has returned to Bethlehem from Moab after the death of her husband and sons. Naomi represents the Israelite community and the covenant relationship with God.

3. Boaz
A wealthy and influential relative of Naomi's late husband, Elimelech. Boaz is a man of integrity and kindness, who provides for Ruth and Naomi.

4. Bethlehem
The town in Judah where Naomi and Ruth return to and where the events of the book take place. It is significant as the future birthplace of King David and Jesus Christ.

5. Barley and Wheat Harvests
The agricultural seasons during which Ruth gleans in the fields of Boaz. These harvests symbolize God's provision and the timing of His plans.
Teaching Points
Faithfulness in the Ordinary
Ruth's consistent work in the fields teaches us the value of faithfulness in everyday tasks. God often works through our daily routines to bring about His purposes.

God's Provision
The provision of food through the harvests reminds us of God's faithfulness to provide for our needs. Trusting in His timing and methods is crucial.

Community and Support
Ruth's relationship with Naomi and Boaz highlights the importance of community and mutual support. We are called to care for one another, especially those in need.

Divine Timing
The timing of the harvests and Ruth's meeting with Boaz illustrate God's perfect timing. We are encouraged to be patient and trust in His plans.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does Ruth's example of loyalty and hard work challenge us in our own relationships and responsibilities?

2. In what ways can we see God's provision in our lives, similar to how He provided for Ruth and Naomi during the harvest?

3. How does the concept of gleaning relate to our responsibility to care for the poor and marginalized in our communities today?

4. What can we learn from Boaz's character and actions about being a person of integrity and kindness?

5. How does the account of Ruth encourage us to trust in God's timing and His plans for our lives, even when we cannot see the full picture?
Connections to Other Scriptures
The account of Ruth connects to the genealogy of Jesus in the New Testament, highlighting God's inclusive plan of salvation that extends beyond Israel to the Gentiles.

The concept of gleaning and provision for the poor is rooted in the Mosaic Law, which instructed landowners to leave the edges of their fields for the needy, as seen in Leviticus and Deuteronomy.

The theme of redemption in Ruth foreshadows the ultimate redemption through Christ, as seen in the New Testament.
Harvest-TimeJ.R. Thomson Ruth 2:23
People
Boaz, Elimelech, Ephah, Naomi, Ruth
Places
Bethlehem, Moab
Topics
Barley, Barley-harvest, Boaz, Bo'az, Cleaveth, Close, Completion, Cutting, Dwelleth, Dwelt, Early, Ended, Fast, Finished, Girls, Glean, Gleaning, Grain, Harvest, Harvests, Kept, Late, Law, Maidens, Maids, Mother-in-law, Order, Servant, Servant-girls, Stayed, Till, Wheat, Wheat-harvest, Women
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Ruth 2:23

     4456   grain
     4542   wheat

Ruth 2:14-23

     5117   Ruth

Ruth 2:15-23

     4454   gleaning

Library
A Full Reward.
"It hath fully been shewed me, all that thou hast done ... and how thou hast left they father and thy mother, and the land of thy nativity, and art come unto a people which thou knewest not heretofore. The LORD recompense thy work, and a full reward be given thee of the LORD GOD of Israel, under whose wings thou art come to trust" (Ruth ii. 11, 12). In this interesting narrative we have another instance of the way in which the HOLY GHOST teaches by typical lives. We have dwelt on some precious lessons
J. Hudson Taylor—A Ribband of Blue

Formation and History of the Hebrew Canon.
1. The Greek word canon (originally a straight rod or pole, measuring-rod, then rule) denotes that collection of books which the churches receive as given by inspiration of God, and therefore as constituting for them a divine rule of faith and practice. To the books included in it the term canonical is applied. The Canon of the Old Testament, considered in reference to its constituent parts, was formed gradually; formed under divine superintendence by a process of growth extending through
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible

Scriptural Poems; Being Several Portions of Scripture Digested into English Verse
viz., I. The Book of Ruth II. The History of Samson III. Christ's Sermon on the Mount IV. The Prophecy of Jonah V. The Life of Joseph VI. The Epistle of James BY JOHN BUNYAN Licensed According to Order. London: Printed for J. Blare, at the Looking Glass, on London Bridge, 1701. ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR. This very interesting little volume of poems, we believe, has not been reprinted since the year 1701, nor has it ever been inserted in any edition or catalogue of Bunyan's works. This may have
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

The Exile --Continued.
There are many echoes of this period of Engedi in the Psalms. Perhaps the most distinctly audible of these are to be found in the seventh psalm, which is all but universally recognised as David's, even Ewald concurring in the general consent. It is an irregular ode--for such is the meaning of Shiggaion in the title, and by its broken rhythms and abrupt transitions testifies to the emotion of its author. The occasion of it is said to be "the words of Cush the Benjamite." As this is a peculiar name
Alexander Maclaren—The Life of David

Appendix viii. Rabbinic Traditions About Elijah, the Forerunner of the Messiah
To complete the evidence, presented in the text, as to the essential difference between the teaching of the ancient Synagogue about the Forerunner of the Messiah' and the history and mission of John the Baptist, as described in the New Testaments, we subjoin a full, though condensed, account of the earlier Rabbinic traditions about Elijah. Opinions differ as to the descent and birthplace of Elijah. According to some, he was from the land of Gilead (Bemid. R. 14), and of the tribe of Gad (Tanch. on
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

The Pilgrim's Progress
FROM THIS WORLD TO THAT WHICH IS TO COME. THE SECOND PART. DELIVERED UNDER THE SIMILITUDE OF A DREAM. WHEREIN IS SET FORTH THE MANNER OF THE SETTING OUT OF CHRISTIAN'S WIFE AND CHILDREN, THEIR DANGEROUS JOURNEY, AND SAFE ARRIVAL AT THE DESIRED COUNTRY. By JOHN BUNYAN. 'I have used similitudes.'--Hosea 12:10. London: Printed for Nathaniel Ponder, at the Peacock in the Poultry, near the Church, 1684. THE AUTHOR'S WAY OF SENDING FORTH HIS SECOND PART OF THE PILGRIM. Go now, my little book, to every
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

Ruth
Goethe has characterized the book of Ruth as the loveliest little idyll that tradition has transmitted to us. Whatever be its didactic purpose--and some would prefer to think that it had little or none-it is, at any rate, a wonderful prose poem, sweet, artless, and persuasive, touched with the quaintness of an older world and fresh with the scent of the harvest fields. The love--stronger than country--of Ruth for Naomi, the gracious figure of Boaz as he moves about the fields with a word of blessing
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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