Romans 1:29

They have become filled with every kind of wickedness, evil, greed, and depravity. They are full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, and malice. They are gossips,

Study Bible

They have become filled
The Greek word used here is "peplērōmenous," which implies a state of being completely saturated or overwhelmed. This suggests a total immersion in sin, indicating that these individuals are not merely dabbling in wrongdoing but are entirely consumed by it. This phrase sets the stage for understanding the depth of human depravity apart from God, highlighting the need for divine intervention and redemption.

with every kind of wickedness
The term "wickedness" is translated from the Greek "adikía," which refers to injustice or unrighteousness. Historically, this word encompasses actions that are contrary to God's nature and law. It serves as a broad category under which all forms of moral corruption fall, emphasizing the comprehensive nature of human sinfulness.

evil
The Greek word "ponēría" is used here, denoting a malicious or harmful intent. This word is often associated with actions that are not only morally wrong but also destructive to others. In a historical context, this term would resonate with the early Christian audience familiar with the pervasive moral decay of the Roman Empire.

greed
"Pleonexía" is the Greek term, which conveys an insatiable desire for more, often at the expense of others. This word reflects a heart condition that prioritizes self-interest over the well-being of others, a concept that is consistently condemned throughout Scripture as contrary to the selfless love exemplified by Christ.

and depravity
The word "kakía" in Greek refers to a general moral badness or malignity. It suggests a deep-seated corruption that affects one's character and actions. This term underscores the inherent sinfulness of humanity, which, according to conservative Christian theology, can only be remedied through the transformative power of the Holy Spirit.

They are full of envy
"Phthonos" is the Greek word for envy, indicating a resentful awareness of another's advantage or possessions. This term highlights the destructive nature of coveting what others have, which can lead to further sin and division within communities.

murder
The Greek word "phonos" is used here, which directly translates to murder or killing. This term is a stark reminder of the ultimate consequence of unchecked sin—taking the life of another, which is a direct violation of God's commandment and an affront to the sanctity of life.

strife
"Eris" in Greek refers to discord or contention. This word paints a picture of ongoing conflict and division, often resulting from pride and selfish ambition. Historically, strife was a common issue in the early church, necessitating apostolic correction and guidance.

deceit
The Greek term "dolos" implies trickery or cunning. This word suggests a deliberate attempt to mislead or manipulate others, which is antithetical to the truth and integrity that God desires from His people.

and malice
"Kakothēia" is the Greek word for malice, indicating a desire to harm others. This term reflects a heart posture that is opposed to the love and kindness that Christians are called to exhibit.

They are gossips
The Greek word "psithuristēs" refers to whisperers or secret slanderers. This term highlights the destructive power of words spoken in secret, which can undermine trust and unity within the body of Christ. Gossip is consistently condemned in Scripture as it sows discord and damages relationships.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul the Apostle
The author of the Book of Romans, Paul is writing to the believers in Rome to explain the gospel and its implications for both Jews and Gentiles.

2. The Roman Church
The recipients of the letter, consisting of both Jewish and Gentile Christians, living in the heart of the Roman Empire, a place known for its diverse culture and moral challenges.

3. The Gentile World
Paul addresses the moral decline of the Gentile world, highlighting the consequences of turning away from God.

Teaching Points

Understanding Sin's Pervasiveness
Romans 1:29 highlights the depth and breadth of human sinfulness. Recognize that sin affects every aspect of human life and society.

The Consequences of Rejecting God
The behaviors listed are a result of turning away from God. Acknowledge the importance of maintaining a relationship with God to avoid moral decay.

The Call to Holiness
As Christians, we are called to live differently. Reflect on how we can actively pursue holiness and reject the sinful behaviors listed.

Guarding Our Hearts and Minds
Be vigilant about what influences our thoughts and actions. Consider how media, relationships, and environments can impact our spiritual health.

The Power of the Gospel
The gospel offers transformation and freedom from these sins. Embrace the power of the Holy Spirit to overcome sinful tendencies.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Romans 1:29 reflect the state of the world today, and what can we learn from this about human nature?

2. In what ways can we guard against the sins listed in Romans 1:29 in our personal lives and communities?

3. How do the behaviors mentioned in Romans 1:29 contrast with the fruit of the Spirit found in Galatians 5:22-23?

4. What practical steps can we take to ensure that we are not influenced by the negative behaviors listed in Romans 1:29?

5. How can understanding the consequences of sin as described in Romans 1:29 motivate us to share the gospel with others?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Galatians 5:19-21
This passage lists the works of the flesh, which are similar to the vices mentioned in Romans 1:29, emphasizing the contrast between living by the Spirit and living by the flesh.

Ephesians 4:31-32
Paul encourages believers to put away malice and deceit, promoting kindness and forgiveness, which contrasts with the behaviors listed in Romans 1:29.

James 3:14-16
James warns against envy and selfish ambition, which lead to disorder and evil practices, echoing the themes of strife and malice in Romans 1:29.