2 Corinthians 4:16
Therefore we do not lose heart. Though our outer self is wasting away, yet our inner self is being renewed day by day.
Therefore
This word serves as a conclusion or a result of the preceding discussion. In the context of 2 Corinthians, Paul has been discussing the trials and tribulations faced in ministry. The Greek word "διό" (dio) indicates a logical conclusion, suggesting that despite the hardships, there is a reason for hope and perseverance. This word connects the believer's current struggles with the eternal glory that awaits, emphasizing the importance of perspective in the Christian journey.

we do not lose heart
The phrase "we do not lose heart" is translated from the Greek "οὐκ ἐγκακοῦμεν" (ouk enkakoumen), which means not to become discouraged or to give up. Paul is encouraging believers to maintain their courage and resolve despite external circumstances. Historically, the early Christians faced persecution and hardship, yet Paul’s message is one of resilience and steadfastness. This phrase is a call to focus on the eternal rather than the temporal, drawing strength from faith in God's promises.

Though our outer self is wasting away
The "outer self" refers to the physical body, which is subject to decay and aging. The Greek word "ἔξω" (exo) implies the external or visible part of a person. Paul acknowledges the reality of physical decline, a universal human experience. This acknowledgment is not meant to induce despair but to contrast with the renewal of the inner self. The historical context of Paul's own sufferings, including beatings and imprisonments, underscores the authenticity of this statement.

yet our inner self is being renewed
The "inner self" refers to the spiritual aspect of a person, which is continually being revitalized. The Greek word "ἀνακαινοῦται" (anakainoutai) means to make new again, suggesting a process of ongoing transformation. This renewal is a work of the Holy Spirit, who empowers believers to grow in faith and character. The contrast between the decaying outer self and the renewing inner self highlights the transformative power of God's grace in the life of a believer.

day by day
This phrase emphasizes the continuous and progressive nature of spiritual renewal. The Greek "ἡμέρᾳ καὶ ἡμέρᾳ" (hemera kai hemera) suggests a daily, ongoing process. It reflects the idea that spiritual growth and renewal are not one-time events but require daily commitment and reliance on God. This daily renewal is a source of hope and strength, encouraging believers to persevere through life's challenges with the assurance of God's sustaining presence.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Paul the Apostle
The author of 2 Corinthians, Paul is writing to the church in Corinth to encourage them amidst trials and suffering.

2. Corinth
A major city in ancient Greece, known for its wealth and immorality, where Paul established a church during his missionary journeys.

3. The Corinthian Church
The recipients of this letter, they were a diverse group of believers facing internal and external challenges.

4. The Holy Spirit
Implicit in the renewal of the inner self, the Holy Spirit plays a crucial role in the believer's transformation.

5. Suffering and Persecution
The context of Paul's message, as he and the early Christians faced significant hardships for their faith.
Teaching Points
Do Not Lose Heart
Despite the challenges and decay of our physical bodies, believers are encouraged to remain steadfast and hopeful.

The Outer Self vs. The Inner Self
Recognize the distinction between the temporary nature of our physical bodies and the eternal renewal of our spiritual selves.

Daily Renewal
Emphasize the importance of daily spiritual renewal through prayer, scripture, and reliance on the Holy Spirit.

Eternal Perspective
Encourage believers to focus on eternal realities rather than temporary hardships, fostering resilience and hope.

Role of the Holy Spirit
Acknowledge the Holy Spirit's work in renewing and transforming our inner selves, empowering us to live out our faith.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does understanding the distinction between the outer and inner self help you in facing daily challenges?

2. In what ways can you actively participate in the renewal of your inner self each day?

3. How does the promise of inner renewal provide comfort during times of physical or emotional suffering?

4. What role does the Holy Spirit play in your personal journey of renewal and transformation?

5. How can you encourage others in your community to focus on eternal perspectives amidst life's trials?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Romans 12:2
This verse speaks about the transformation and renewal of the mind, which parallels the renewal of the inner self mentioned in 2 Corinthians 4:16.

Isaiah 40:31
This passage highlights the renewal of strength for those who hope in the Lord, similar to the renewal of the inner self.

Ephesians 3:16
Paul prays for believers to be strengthened in their inner being, echoing the theme of inner renewal.

Philippians 3:21
Discusses the transformation of our lowly bodies, which complements the idea of the outer self wasting away.

Colossians 3:10
Talks about putting on the new self, which is being renewed in knowledge, aligning with the concept of inner renewal.
Inward Renewal and Outward DecayD. Fraser 2 Corinthians 4:16
The Outward and the Inward ManR. Tuck 2 Corinthians 4:16
Ministers in Their Weakness and StrengthC. Lipscomb 2 Corinthians 4:7-18
CompensationJ. Leckie, D. D.2 Corinthians 4:16-18
Dual ManhoodF. W. Brown.2 Corinthians 4:16-18
Heavy Affliction Made LightE. Hurndall 2 Corinthians 4:16-18
Newness of LifeC. Silvester Horne.2 Corinthians 4:16-18
The Growth of the Spiritual LifeH. Gamble.2 Corinthians 4:16-18
The Inner Man or Soul GrowthD. Thomas, D. D.2 Corinthians 4:16-18
The Inward ManW. M. Statham.2 Corinthians 4:16-18
The Perishing and the Renewed ManBp. Huntington.2 Corinthians 4:16-18
The Renewal of LifeW. L. Watkinson.2 Corinthians 4:16-18
People
Corinthians, Galatians, Paul
Places
Achaia, Corinth
Topics
Cause, Consumed, Cowards, Decay, Decaying, Faint, Feebler, Getting, Heart, Indeed, Inner, Inward, Inwardly, Lose, Nature, Nay, Outer, Outward, Outwardly, Perish, Renewed, Though, Wasted, Wasting, Weariness, Wherefore, Yet
Dictionary of Bible Themes
2 Corinthians 4:16

     1325   God, the Creator
     4010   creation, renewal
     5979   waste
     6142   decay
     8107   assurance, and life of faith
     8145   renewal, people of God
     8151   revival, corporate

2 Corinthians 4:7-18

     5024   inner being

2 Corinthians 4:13-16

     5916   pessimism

2 Corinthians 4:15-17

     4019   life, believers' experience

2 Corinthians 4:16-5:4

     5565   suffering, of believers

2 Corinthians 4:16-18

     5173   outward appearance
     5436   pain
     5805   comfort
     8416   encouragement, promises

Library
The Winsome Jesus.
The Face of Jesus: Jesus drew crowds, men, women, children, bad people, enemies--His personality--face--impress of experiences--the glory of God in that face, 2 Corinthians 4:6. Hebrews 1:3. The Music of God in the Voice of Jesus: the eye--Jesus' eyes, Luke 4:16-30. John 8:59. 10:31. 7:32, 45, 46. 18:6. Mark 10:32. 9:36. 10:13-16. Luke 19:48.--His voice, Matthew 26:30. personal touch, Matthew 8:3, 15. 9:29. 17:7. 20:34. Mark 1:41. 7:33. Luke 5:13. 22:51. (John 14:16-20). His presence irresistible.
S. D. Gordon—Quiet Talks about Jesus

Looking at the Unseen
'While we look not at the things which are seen, but at the things which are not seen.'--2 COR. iv. 18. Men may be said to be divided into two classes, materialists and idealists, in the widest sense of those two words. The mass care for, and are occupied by, and regard as really solid good, those goods which can be touched and enjoyed by sense. The minority--students, thinkers, men of ideas, moralists, and the like--believe in, and care for, impalpable spiritual riches. Everybody admits that the
Alexander Maclaren—Romans, Corinthians (To II Corinthians, Chap. V)

The Heart of the Gospel
Let me give you a parable. In the days of Nero there was great shortness of food in the city of Rome, although there was abundance of corn to be purchased at Alexandria. A certain man who owned a vessel went down to the sea coast, and there he noticed many hungry people straining their eyes toward the sea, watching for the vessels that were to come from Egypt with corn. When these vessels came to the shore, one by one, the poor people wrung their hands in bitter disappointment, for on board the galleys
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 32: 1886

In the Bitter Cold of Winter the Trees Stand Bare of Leaves...
1. In the bitter cold of winter the trees stand bare of leaves, and it seems as if their life, too, had departed for ever, yet in the spring time they put forth new leaves and beautiful flowers, and the fruit begins to show itself. So was it with Me in My crucifixion and resurrection, and so it is with my faithful cross-bearers (2 Cor. iv.8-11; vi.4-10). Though they seem to be crushed and dead beneath their cross they still put forth the beautiful flowers and glorious fruits of eternal life which
Sadhu Sundar Singh—At The Master's Feet

Clairvoyance
"We look not at the things which are seen, but at the things which are not seen: for the things which are seen are temporal; but the things which are not seen are eternal."--2 COR. iv. 18. "Everything that is, is double."--Hermes Trismegistus. "LOOK not at the things which are seen." How can we look not at the things which are seen? If they are seen, how can we help looking at them? "Look at the things which are not seen." How can we look at things which are not seen? Has religion some magic wishing-cap,
Henry Drummond—The Ideal Life

Conclusion.
NEBICULA est; transibit,"--"It is a little cloud; it will pass away." This was said first, I believe, by Athanasius, of Julian the Apostate who, after a short reign of intense hostility to Christianity, perished with his work, "leaving no wreck behind."[97]97 The same may be applied to all the recent attempts to undermine the faith of humanity in the person of its divine Lord and Saviour. The clouds, great and small, pass away; the sun continues to shine: darkness has its hour; the light is eternal.
Philip Schaff—The Person of Christ

Meditations of the Blessed State of a Regenerate Man in Heaven.
Here my meditation dazzles, and my pen falls out of my hand; the one being not able to conceive, nor the other to describe, that most excellent bliss, and eternal weight of glory (2 Cor. iv. 17; Rom. viii. 18)--whereof all the afflictions of this present life are not worthy--which all the elect shall with the blessed Trinity enjoy, from that time that they shall be received with Christ, as joint-heirs (Rom. viii. 17) into that everlasting kingdom of joy. Notwithstanding, we may take a scantling thereof.
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety

Out of the Depths
Heinrich Suso 2 Cor. iv. 17 "O Father! not my will, but Thine be done!" Thus with my lips I say; Yet lags the heart, the while the lips would run-- My heart, it sayeth "Nay." "Be comforted, O child of My delight, Though yet thy heart complain; For I would have thee suffer when I smite, Or pain would not be [g]ain. "Were it a chastening if it were not grief? Yet for a moment tears-- Then glows the spring where fell the yellow leaf, Of Heaven's eternal years. "For sorrow is the sorrow of an hour,
Frances Bevan—Hymns of Ter Steegen, Suso, and Others

Light of a Stone Most Precious
P. G. 2 Cor. iv. 6, 7 God in heaven hath a treasure, Riches none may count or tell; Hath a deep eternal pleasure, Christ, the Son He loveth well. God hath here on earth a treasure, None but He its price may know-- Deep unfathomable pleasure, Christ revealed in saints below. Christ, the light that fills the heavens Shining forth on earth beneath, Through His Spirit freely given Light of life midst shades of death; Down from heaven's unclouded glory God Himself the treasure brought, Closing thus
Frances Bevan—Hymns of Ter Steegen, Suso, and Others

The Council of Nicæa.
An ecumenical council was a new experiment. Local councils had long since grown to be a recognised organ of the Church both for legislation and for judicial proceedings. But no precedent as yet prescribed, no ecclesiastical law or theological principle had as yet enthroned, the General Council' as the supreme expression of the Church's mind. Constantine had already referred the case of the Donatists first to a select council at Rome under bishop Miltiades, then to what Augustine (Ep. 43) has been
Athanasius—Select Works and Letters or Athanasius

Memoir of John Bunyan
THE FIRST PERIOD. THIS GREAT MAN DESCENDED FROM IGNOBLE PARENTS--BORN IN POVERTY--HIS EDUCATION AND EVIL HABITS--FOLLOWS HIS FATHER'S BUSINESS AS A BRAZIER--ENLISTS FOR A SOLDIER--RETURNS FROM THE WARS AND OBTAINS AN AMIABLE, RELIGIOUS WIFE--HER DOWER. 'We have this treasure in earthen vessels, that the excellency of the power may be of God, and not of us.'--2 Cor 4:7 'For my thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are your ways my ways, saith the Lord.'--Isaiah 55:8. 'Though ye have lien among the
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

Preaching (ii. ).
For Thy sake, beloved Lord, I will labour in Thy Word; On the knees, in patient prayer; At the desk, with studious care; In the pulpit, seeking still There to utter all Thy will. I pursue the subject of attractive preaching, taking still the word attractive in its worthiest sense, and again laying stress on the necessity of attractiveness of the right sort. We have looked a little already at some of the external requisites to this end; now let us approach some which have to do with matter more
Handley C. G. Moule—To My Younger Brethren

Fourth Sunday after Trinity Consolation in Suffering, and Patience.
Text: Romans 8, 18-22. 18 For I reckon that the sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory which shall be revealed to us-ward. 19 For the earnest expectation of the creature waiteth for the revealing of the sons of God. 20 For the creation was subjected to vanity not of its own will, but by reason of him who subjected it, in hope 21 that the creation itself also shall be delivered from the bondage of corruption into the liberty of the glory of the children of God.
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. III

Religious Joy.
"And the angel said unto them, Fear not: for, behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people. For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Saviour, which is Christ the Lord."--Luke ii. 10, 11. There are two principal lessons which we are taught on the great Festival which we this day celebrate, lowliness and joy. This surely is a day, of all others, in which is set before us the heavenly excellence and the acceptableness in God's sight of that state which
John Henry Newman—Parochial and Plain Sermons, Vol. VIII

The Patience of Man, which is Right and Laudable and Worthy of the Name...
2. The patience of man, which is right and laudable and worthy of the name of virtue, is understood to be that by which we tolerate evil things with an even mind, that we may not with a mind uneven desert good things, through which we may arrive at better. Wherefore the impatient, while they will not suffer ills, effect not a deliverance from ills, but only the suffering of heavier ills. Whereas the patient who choose rather by not committing to bear, than by not bearing to commit, evil, both make
St. Augustine—On Patience

Edwards -- Spiritual Light
Jonathan Edwards, the New England divine and metaphysician, was born at East Windsor, Connecticut, in 1703. He was graduated early from Yale College, where he had given much attention to philosophy, became tutor of his college, and at nineteen began to preach. His voice and manner did not lend themselves readily to pulpit oratory, but his clear, logical, and intense presentation of the truth produced a profound and permanent effect upon his hearers. He wrote what were considered the most important
Grenville Kleiser—The world's great sermons, Volume 3

Faith in General.
"Through faith; and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God."--Ephes. ii. 8. When the judicial act of the Triune God, justification, is announced to the conscience, faith begins to be active and expresses itself in works. This leads us to call the attention of our readers to the work of the Holy Spirit, which consists in the imparting of faith. We are saved through faith; and that faith is not of ourselves, it is the gift of God. It is very specially a gift of the Triune God, by a peculiar
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

Concerning Christian Liberty
CHRISTIAN faith has appeared to many an easy thing; nay, not a few even reckon it among the social virtues, as it were; and this they do, because they have not made proof of it experimentally, and have never tasted of what efficacy it is. For it is not possible for any man to write well about it, or to understand well what is rightly written, who has not at some time tasted of its spirit, under the pressure of tribulation. While he who has tasted of it, even to a very small extent, can never write,
Martin Luther—First Principles of the Reformation

Lastly, Let us Hear the Lord Himself Delivering Most Plain Judgment on this Matter. ...
23. Lastly, let us hear the Lord Himself delivering most plain judgment on this matter. For, upon His speaking after a divine and fearful manner concerning husband and wife not separating, save on account of fornication, His disciples said to Him, "If the case be such with a wife, it is not good to marry." [2066] To whom He saith, "Not all receive this saying. For there are eunuchs who were so born: but there are others who were made by men: and there are eunuchs, who made themselves eunuchs for
St. Augustine—Of Holy Virginity.

He Severely Reproves Abaelard for Scrutinizing Rashly and Impiously, and Extenuating the Power Of, the Secret Things of God.
He severely reproves Abaelard for scrutinizing rashly and impiously, and extenuating the power of, the secret things of God. 17. This is the righteousness of man in the blood of the Redeemer: which this son of perdition, by his scoffs and insinuations, is attempting to render vain; so much so, that he thinks and argues that the whole fact that the Lord of Glory emptied Himself, that He was made lower than the angels, that He was born of a woman, that He lived in the world, that He made trial of our
Saint Bernard of Clairvaux—Some Letters of Saint Bernard, Abbot of Clairvaux

Strength and Indwelling.
"For this cause I bow my knees unto the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, of Whom the whole family in heaven and earth is named, that He would grant you, according to the riches of His glory, to be strengthened with might by His Spirit in the inner man; that Christ may dwell in your hearts by faith; that ye, being rooted and grounded in love, may be able to comprehend with all saints what is the breadth, and length, and depth, and height; and to know the love of Christ, which passeth knowledge, that
W. H. Griffith Thomas—The Prayers of St. Paul

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