Samuel, one of the most significant figures in the Old Testament, is recognized as the last of the judges and the first of the major prophets in Israel. His establishment as a prophet is a pivotal moment in biblical history, marking a transition from the period of the judges to the era of the monarchy. This entry explores the circumstances and significance of Samuel's calling and establishment as a prophet, as recorded in the Scriptures.

Background and Early Life

Samuel was born to Elkanah and Hannah, a devout couple from the tribe of Ephraim. Hannah, who was initially barren, prayed earnestly for a child and vowed to dedicate him to the Lord's service if her prayer was answered. God granted her request, and she named her son Samuel, meaning "heard of God," reflecting her gratitude and the divine intervention in his birth (1 Samuel 1:20).

From a young age, Samuel was brought to the tabernacle at Shiloh to serve under Eli, the high priest. This setting provided Samuel with a unique environment to grow spiritually and to be nurtured in the ways of the Lord.

The Call of Samuel

The account of Samuel's calling is found in 1 Samuel 3. At a time when "the word of the LORD was rare and visions were scarce" (1 Samuel 3:1), God chose to reveal Himself to Samuel. One night, as Samuel lay in the temple of the LORD, where the ark of God was located, he heard a voice calling his name. Mistaking it for Eli, he ran to the priest, only to be sent back to bed. This happened three times until Eli realized that the Lord was calling the boy. Eli instructed Samuel to respond, "Speak, LORD, for Your servant is listening" (1 Samuel 3:9).

When the Lord called again, Samuel responded as instructed, and God revealed to him the impending judgment on Eli's house due to the iniquity of his sons. This revelation marked the beginning of Samuel's prophetic ministry.

Recognition as a Prophet

Samuel's establishment as a prophet was confirmed by the fulfillment of the words he spoke. The Scripture notes, "The LORD was with Samuel as he grew, and He let none of Samuel’s words fall to the ground" (1 Samuel 3:19). This divine endorsement ensured that all of Israel, from Dan to Beersheba, recognized Samuel as a prophet of the LORD (1 Samuel 3:20).

Samuel's role as a prophet was not limited to delivering messages from God. He also served as a judge and leader, guiding Israel through a tumultuous period. His influence was instrumental in the transition from the tribal confederation to the establishment of the monarchy under Saul, whom Samuel anointed as the first king of Israel.

Significance in Biblical History

Samuel's establishment as a prophet is significant for several reasons. Firstly, it marked the renewal of prophetic revelation in Israel after a period of spiritual decline. Secondly, Samuel's ministry laid the foundation for the prophetic tradition that would continue throughout Israel's history. Lastly, his life and work exemplified obedience and faithfulness to God, setting a standard for future prophets.

Samuel's establishment as a prophet underscores the importance of divine calling and the impact of faithful service in fulfilling God's purposes for His people.