The descendants of Issachar, one of the twelve tribes of Israel, trace their lineage back to Issachar, the fifth son of Jacob and Leah. Issachar's name is often associated with the concept of reward or recompense, as Leah named him in gratitude for the mandrakes she received from Rachel (Genesis 30:14-18). The tribe of Issachar played a significant role in the history of Israel, both during the wilderness wanderings and in the settlement of the Promised Land.

Genealogy and Tribal Allotment

Issachar had four sons: Tola, Puah, Jashub, and Shimron (Genesis 46:13; 1 Chronicles 7:1). These sons became the heads of the families within the tribe. During the census taken in the wilderness, the tribe of Issachar was counted at 54,400 men able to go to war (Numbers 1:28-29). By the second census, their numbers had increased to 64,300 (Numbers 26:23-25).

The tribe of Issachar was allotted a fertile region in the central part of Canaan, bordered by the tribes of Zebulun, Naphtali, and Manasseh (Joshua 19:17-23). This territory included the Jezreel Valley, a significant agricultural area, which contributed to the tribe's prosperity.

Role in Israel's History

The descendants of Issachar were known for their wisdom and understanding of the times. In 1 Chronicles 12:32, the men of Issachar are described as those "who understood the times and knew what Israel should do." This insight made them valuable advisors during the reign of King David.

During the period of the Judges, Tola, a man of Issachar, served as a judge over Israel for twenty-three years (Judges 10:1-2). His leadership helped stabilize the nation during a tumultuous time.

Military Contributions

The tribe of Issachar was also noted for its military contributions. In the Song of Deborah, Issachar is praised for its support in the battle against Sisera, the commander of the Canaanite army (Judges 5:15). The tribe's warriors were known for their valor and commitment to the cause of Israel.

Prophetic Blessings

Jacob's blessing over Issachar in Genesis 49:14-15 portrays him as a strong donkey lying down between two burdens, suggesting a life of labor and service. This imagery reflects the tribe's agricultural prosperity and their role as bearers of burdens for the nation.

Moses' blessing in Deuteronomy 33:18-19 highlights Issachar's joy in their tents and their participation in the sacrificial offerings at the mountain, indicating their devotion and spiritual contributions to the community of Israel.

Legacy

The descendants of Issachar left a legacy of wisdom, service, and faithfulness. Their ability to discern the times and their commitment to the welfare of Israel made them an integral part of the nation's history. The tribe's contributions to both the spiritual and temporal well-being of Israel are remembered as a testament to their enduring influence.