Hear, O God
The psalmist begins with a direct appeal to God, emphasizing the personal and intimate relationship between the believer and the Divine. The Hebrew word for "hear" is "שָׁמַע" (shama), which implies not just listening but also understanding and responding. This reflects the psalmist's faith that God is attentive and responsive to the cries of His people. In the historical context, this plea is a common feature in the Psalms, where the psalmist often seeks God's intervention in times of distress.

my voice
The phrase "my voice" signifies the personal nature of the prayer. It is not just a silent thought or a general wish but a vocalized plea, indicating urgency and earnestness. In the Hebrew tradition, the voice is often seen as an expression of one's innermost thoughts and emotions. The psalmist's use of "my voice" underscores the sincerity and depth of his plea.

in my complaint
The word "complaint" here is translated from the Hebrew "שִׂיחַ" (siach), which can mean meditation, musing, or lament. It suggests a deep, thoughtful expression of distress. The psalmist is not merely grumbling but is thoughtfully presenting his troubles before God. This reflects a biblical pattern where believers are encouraged to bring their concerns to God, trusting in His wisdom and justice.

preserve my life
This phrase is a plea for protection and sustenance. The Hebrew root "נָצַר" (natsar) means to guard, watch over, or keep. The psalmist is asking God to actively protect him from harm. This reflects a common biblical theme where God is seen as a protector and sustainer of life, a refuge in times of trouble.

from dread of the enemy
The "dread" mentioned here is a profound fear or terror, translated from the Hebrew "פַּחַד" (pachad). It indicates an overwhelming sense of fear that can paralyze or consume an individual. The "enemy" is often understood in the Psalms as any force or person that opposes God's will or threatens the well-being of the faithful. Historically, this could refer to literal enemies in battle or metaphorical ones, such as sin or spiritual adversaries. The psalmist's request is for deliverance not just from physical harm but from the debilitating fear that can accompany such threats.

Hide me
The phrase "Hide me" in Psalm 64:2 reflects a deep yearning for divine protection and refuge. The Hebrew root word for "hide" is "סָתַר" (satar), which conveys the idea of concealing or covering. This plea for concealment is not merely physical but also spiritual, seeking God's shelter from the adversities and threats posed by enemies. In the broader biblical context, God is often depicted as a refuge and fortress (Psalm 46:1), emphasizing His role as a protector of the faithful. This request underscores the psalmist's trust in God's ability to shield him from harm.

from the scheming
The term "scheming" comes from the Hebrew word "סוֹד" (sod), which can mean secret counsel or conspiracy. This word suggests a deliberate and cunning plan devised by adversaries. In the historical context of ancient Israel, such schemes could involve political plots, betrayal, or slander. The psalmist's appeal to God highlights the reality of human deceit and the need for divine intervention to thwart these hidden plans. It serves as a reminder of the spiritual warfare believers face and the importance of seeking God's wisdom and protection against the wiles of the enemy.

of the wicked
The "wicked" refers to those who are morally corrupt and opposed to God's righteous ways. The Hebrew word "רָשָׁע" (rasha) is used to describe individuals who act in rebellion against God's laws. Throughout the Psalms, the wicked are often portrayed as those who oppress the righteous and engage in deceitful practices. This term serves as a contrast to the righteous, who seek to live in accordance with God's will. The psalmist's plea for protection from the wicked underscores the ongoing conflict between good and evil and the assurance that God will ultimately vindicate the righteous.

from the mob
The phrase "from the mob" suggests a collective group of adversaries. The Hebrew word "רוֹגֵשׁ" (rogesh) implies a tumultuous or noisy assembly, often associated with chaos and disorder. In the ancient Near Eastern context, mobs could be literal groups of people causing unrest or metaphorical representations of overwhelming opposition. The psalmist's request for deliverance from such a mob highlights the fear and danger posed by collective hostility. It also reflects the believer's reliance on God to bring peace and order amidst life's tumultuous challenges.

of workers of iniquity
"Workers of iniquity" refers to those who actively engage in sinful and unjust actions. The Hebrew word "אָוֶן" (aven) denotes trouble, wickedness, or sorrow, emphasizing the destructive nature of their deeds. This phrase paints a picture of individuals who not only commit sin but do so with intent and purpose. In the biblical narrative, such workers are often seen as instruments of evil, opposing God's plans and persecuting His people. The psalmist's cry for protection from these workers of iniquity is a call for divine justice and a reminder of God's ultimate authority over all human actions.

who sharpen their tongues like swords
This phrase paints a vivid picture of the power of words. The Hebrew root for "sharpen" is "שָׁנַן" (shanan), which means to whet or to make sharp. This suggests intentionality and preparation, indicating that the words spoken are not accidental but are carefully crafted to inflict harm. The comparison to "swords" underscores the destructive potential of speech. In the ancient world, swords were primary weapons of war, symbolizing power and aggression. This metaphor highlights the severity of verbal attacks, reminding us of the biblical truth that "death and life are in the power of the tongue" (Proverbs 18:21). As believers, we are called to use our words to build up rather than tear down, reflecting the character of Christ in our speech.

and aim their bitter words like arrows
The phrase "aim their bitter words" suggests precision and intent. The Hebrew word for "aim" is "יָרָה" (yarah), which means to throw or shoot, often used in the context of archery. This implies that the words are not only sharp but are also directed with purpose towards a target. The term "bitter" (מָרָה, marah) conveys a sense of poison or venom, indicating that these words are meant to cause deep emotional or spiritual harm. The comparison to "arrows" further emphasizes the idea of distance and stealth; arrows can strike from afar, often without the victim seeing the attacker. Historically, arrows were used in warfare for their ability to reach enemies from a distance, making them a symbol of hidden or indirect attacks. This serves as a caution to guard our hearts and minds against the subtle and often unseen attacks of the enemy, and to rely on God's protection and wisdom in discerning and responding to such assaults.

shoot from ambush
The phrase "shoot from ambush" in Psalm 64:4 evokes imagery of a hidden, stealthy attack. The Hebrew root for "shoot" is "יָרָה" (yarah), which can mean to throw or cast, often used in the context of archery. This suggests a deliberate and calculated action, emphasizing the premeditated nature of the attack. Historically, ambushes were a common military tactic in ancient times, used to surprise and overpower an enemy. Spiritually, this phrase can be seen as a metaphor for the hidden attacks of the wicked, who plot in secret against the righteous. It serves as a reminder of the unseen spiritual battles believers face and the need for vigilance and reliance on God's protection.

at the innocent
The term "innocent" is translated from the Hebrew word "תָּם" (tam), which conveys the idea of completeness, integrity, or blamelessness. In the biblical context, the "innocent" are those who live righteously and in accordance with God's laws. This phrase highlights the unjust nature of the attack, as it is directed towards those who have done no wrong. It reflects a recurring theme in the Psalms, where the righteous suffer at the hands of the wicked. This serves as a call for believers to trust in God's justice, knowing that He sees the plight of the innocent and will ultimately vindicate them.

suddenly
The word "suddenly" underscores the unexpected and swift nature of the attack. In Hebrew, the word "פִּתְאֹם" (pit'om) is used, which can mean unexpectedly or without warning. This element of surprise adds to the treachery of the ambush, as the innocent are caught off guard. In a spiritual sense, this can be likened to the sudden trials and temptations that believers may face, often without warning. It serves as a reminder of the importance of being spiritually prepared and grounded in faith, so that one can withstand such unforeseen challenges.

without fear
The phrase "without fear" indicates the brazen confidence of the attackers. The Hebrew word "יָרֵא" (yare) typically means to fear or revere, often used in the context of fearing God. Here, the absence of fear suggests a lack of reverence for God and His justice. The attackers act with impunity, believing they will not be held accountable for their actions. This reflects a deeper spiritual truth about the nature of sin, which often emboldens individuals to act without regard for divine consequences. For believers, this serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of living without the fear of the Lord, which is the beginning of wisdom and a deterrent against sin.

They hold fast
The phrase "hold fast" suggests a firm, unwavering commitment. In the Hebrew text, the word used here is "חָזַק" (chazaq), which means to strengthen, prevail, or harden. This indicates a deliberate and resolute determination. Historically, this reflects the human tendency to cling to sin despite knowing its consequences. The imagery is of a grip that is not easily loosened, symbolizing the stubbornness of the wicked in their ways. This can serve as a cautionary reminder for believers to examine their own lives and ensure they are holding fast to righteousness instead.

to their evil purpose
The term "evil purpose" is derived from the Hebrew "דָּבָר" (dabar), which can mean word, matter, or thing, but in this context, it refers to a plan or intention. The use of "evil" highlights the moral corruption and malevolent intent behind their actions. This phrase underscores the premeditated nature of sin, where individuals not only commit wrongs but also devise plans to carry them out. It serves as a stark contrast to the righteous plans that God desires for His people, emphasizing the need for believers to align their purposes with God's will.

they speak
The act of speaking here is significant, as it implies communication and the spreading of their intentions. The Hebrew word "אָמַר" (amar) is used, which means to say or declare. This suggests that the wicked are not only content with harboring evil thoughts but are also vocal about them, possibly inciting others to join in their schemes. This can be seen as a reflection of the power of words, which can be used to build up or tear down, to bless or to curse. For Christians, it is a reminder to use speech to edify and encourage, rather than to plot or deceive.

of hiding
The concept of "hiding" is captured by the Hebrew word "סָתַר" (sathar), meaning to conceal or hide. This implies a level of deceit and secrecy, as the wicked attempt to cover their tracks and avoid detection. Historically, this reflects the clandestine nature of many sinful acts, which are often done in darkness to escape accountability. For believers, this serves as a reminder that nothing is hidden from God, and that integrity involves living transparently and truthfully before Him and others.

their snares
"Snares" refers to traps or devices meant to ensnare or capture. The Hebrew word "מוֹקֵשׁ" (moqesh) is used, which denotes a bait or lure. This imagery is powerful, as it conveys the idea of entrapment and the malicious intent to cause harm. In a broader scriptural context, snares are often associated with the devil's schemes and the temptations that lead people away from God. For Christians, this highlights the importance of vigilance and discernment, to avoid falling into such traps and to rely on God's wisdom and guidance to navigate the challenges of life.

They plot injustice
The phrase "They plot injustice" reveals the deliberate and premeditated nature of the wicked actions being described. The Hebrew root for "plot" is "ḥāšaḇ," which means to think, plan, or devise. This indicates a calculated effort to commit wrongdoing, highlighting the depth of moral corruption. In a historical context, this reflects the constant struggle between the righteous and the wicked, a theme prevalent throughout the Psalms. The word "injustice" underscores the moral and ethical violations that are being schemed, reminding us of the ever-present battle against sin and the need for divine justice.

and say
The inclusion of "and say" suggests that these plans are not only conceived in secret but are also communicated among the conspirators. This phrase implies a level of confidence and boldness in their wickedness, as they are not afraid to discuss their plans openly among themselves. It serves as a reminder of the power of words and the influence they can have in spreading evil.

“We have devised a perfect plan.”
The claim "We have devised a perfect plan" reflects the arrogance and self-deception of the wicked. The Hebrew word for "perfect" here is "tāmîm," which can mean complete or flawless. This reveals their belief in the invincibility of their schemes, yet it also foreshadows their ultimate downfall, as no plan against God's righteousness can truly be perfect. This phrase serves as a caution against pride and the false security that comes from relying on human wisdom over divine guidance.

Surely the heart and mind of man are cunning
The statement "Surely the heart and mind of man are cunning" acknowledges the inherent deceitfulness and craftiness of human nature. The Hebrew word for "cunning" is "ḥāqar," which implies a deep, searching intelligence often used for evil purposes. This phrase serves as a sobering reminder of the fallen state of humanity and the need for God's intervention to transform the heart and mind. It calls believers to seek wisdom and purity from God, recognizing that apart from Him, human intentions can easily become corrupt.

But God
This phrase introduces a divine intervention, contrasting human actions with God's sovereignty. The Hebrew word for "God" here is "Elohim," which emphasizes His power and majesty. Throughout the Psalms, "But God" often marks a turning point where human plans are thwarted by divine will. This phrase reassures believers that no matter the schemes of man, God remains in control and His purposes will prevail.

will shoot them
The imagery of God shooting is vivid and powerful. The Hebrew verb "yarah" is used here, which means to shoot or cast. This conveys the idea of God actively intervening against the wicked. In the historical context of ancient warfare, archery was a skill that required precision and strength, symbolizing God's precise and powerful judgment against those who oppose Him.

with arrows
Arrows in the Bible often symbolize swift and certain judgment. In the ancient Near East, arrows were a common weapon, and their use here metaphorically represents God's ability to reach and judge the wicked from a distance. This imagery assures the faithful that God's justice is not only inevitable but also inescapable for those who plot evil.

suddenly
The suddenness of God's action underscores His omnipotence and the unexpected nature of divine justice. The Hebrew word "pith'owm" conveys a sense of surprise and immediacy. This serves as a warning to the wicked that their plans can be overturned in an instant, and it comforts the righteous by reminding them that God's timing, though often mysterious, is perfect.

they will be wounded
The outcome of God's intervention is the wounding of the wicked. The Hebrew word "nakah" means to strike or smite, indicating a decisive and effective action. This phrase assures believers that God's justice is not only swift but also effective, leading to the downfall of those who oppose His will. It serves as a reminder of the ultimate triumph of righteousness over wickedness.

They will be made to stumble
This phrase suggests a divine intervention where the plans of the wicked are thwarted. The Hebrew root for "stumble" is "כָּשַׁל" (kashal), which often implies a fall or failure due to a lack of support or strength. In the biblical context, stumbling is frequently used to describe the downfall of those who oppose God's will. Historically, this reflects the belief that God actively protects His people by causing their enemies to falter. The imagery of stumbling conveys not just a physical fall but a moral and spiritual failure, emphasizing the ultimate triumph of righteousness over wickedness.

their own tongues
The tongue, in biblical literature, is often symbolic of speech and the power of words. The Hebrew word "לָשׁוֹן" (lashon) is used here, highlighting the destructive potential of the tongue. James 3:6 in the New Testament echoes this sentiment, describing the tongue as a fire capable of great harm. In the context of Psalm 64, the wicked are ensnared by their own words, suggesting a divine justice where their deceit and malice are turned back upon them. This serves as a reminder of the biblical principle that words have power and that misuse of this power can lead to one's downfall.

will turn against them
This phrase indicates a reversal of fortune, where the intended harm of the wicked returns upon themselves. The concept of retribution is deeply rooted in biblical justice, where actions have consequences. The Hebrew verb "שׁוּב" (shuv), meaning "to turn" or "to return," is often used to describe repentance or a change of direction. Here, it signifies the turning back of evil plans upon the plotters. This reflects the biblical theme of divine justice, where God ensures that evil does not go unpunished and that the righteous are ultimately vindicated.

Then all mankind will fear
This phrase begins with the Hebrew word "אָז" (az), meaning "then" or "at that time," indicating a future event or realization. The phrase "all mankind" translates from "כָּל־אָדָם" (kol adam), emphasizing the universality of the response. The word "fear" comes from "יִירָאוּ" (yira'u), which can mean to be afraid, but also to stand in awe or reverence. In the context of Psalm 64, this fear is not merely terror but a profound recognition of God's power and justice. Historically, the fear of the Lord is a recurring theme in the Bible, often associated with wisdom and the beginning of knowledge (Proverbs 9:10). This fear leads to a deeper understanding and respect for God's sovereignty and righteousness.

and will proclaim the work of God
The Hebrew root for "proclaim" is "וְיַגִּידוּ" (v'yaggidu), which means to declare or make known. This suggests an active response to witnessing God's deeds. The "work of God" refers to His actions, particularly His judgments and deliverances. Throughout the Bible, God's works are often a cause for testimony and praise among His people. In the historical context of Israel, recounting God's mighty acts was a way to teach future generations about His faithfulness and power (Psalm 78:4). This proclamation is not just verbal but a testimony to God's intervention in human affairs, encouraging others to recognize His hand in the world.

so they will ponder what He has done
The word "ponder" comes from the Hebrew "וְיָבִינוּ" (v'yavinu), meaning to understand or consider deeply. This implies a thoughtful reflection on God's actions, leading to insight and comprehension. The phrase "what He has done" underscores the importance of recognizing and meditating on God's deeds. In the scriptural context, pondering God's works is an invitation to grow in faith and understanding. It encourages believers to see beyond the immediate and to trust in God's ultimate plan and purpose. This reflection is a spiritual exercise that deepens one's relationship with God, fostering a heart of gratitude and trust in His divine wisdom and timing.

The righteous
The term "righteous" in Hebrew is "צַדִּיק" (tzaddik), which refers to those who are just, virtuous, and in right standing with God. In the context of the Old Testament, righteousness is often associated with adherence to God's laws and commandments. The righteous are those who live in accordance with God's will, and their lives are marked by integrity and moral uprightness. This verse assures that those who are righteous will ultimately find joy and vindication in God's justice.

will rejoice
The Hebrew word for "rejoice" is "שָׂמַח" (samach), which conveys a deep, exuberant joy and gladness. This joy is not merely an emotional response but a profound sense of satisfaction and fulfillment that comes from experiencing God's deliverance and justice. The righteous rejoice because they see God's hand at work, bringing about justice and righteousness in the world.

in the LORD
The phrase "in the LORD" emphasizes the source of the righteous person's joy. The Hebrew name for God used here is "YHWH" (Yahweh), the covenant name of God, which signifies His eternal, self-existent nature and His faithfulness to His promises. The righteous find their joy not in their circumstances but in their relationship with Yahweh, who is their protector, provider, and deliverer.

and take refuge in Him
The concept of taking refuge is expressed by the Hebrew word "חָסָה" (chasah), which means to seek shelter or protection. In ancient times, cities of refuge provided safety for those in danger. Spiritually, taking refuge in God implies trusting in His protection and care, especially in times of trouble or persecution. The righteous find security and peace in God's presence, knowing that He is their stronghold and defender.

All the upright in heart
The phrase "upright in heart" refers to those whose inner being is aligned with God's will. The Hebrew word for "upright" is "יָשָׁר" (yashar), meaning straight or level. It denotes moral integrity and sincerity. The heart, in Hebrew thought, represents the center of one's emotions, thoughts, and will. Thus, the upright in heart are those who are sincere and genuine in their devotion to God.

will exult
The word "exult" is translated from the Hebrew "הָלַל" (halal), which means to boast or celebrate. This term is often used in the context of praising God. The upright in heart will exult because they witness God's righteous acts and His faithfulness to His people. Their exultation is a response to God's goodness and the fulfillment of His promises, leading them to praise and glorify Him with great enthusiasm and joy.