Mark 14:20

He answered, "It is one of the Twelve--the one who is dipping his hand into the bowl with Me.

Study Bible

It is one of the Twelve
This phrase highlights the intimate circle of Jesus' closest followers, the Twelve Apostles. The Greek word for "Twelve" is "δώδεκα" (dōdeka), emphasizing the completeness and chosen nature of this group. Historically, the Twelve were selected by Jesus to be His primary disciples, representing the twelve tribes of Israel and symbolizing the restoration of God's people. This phrase underscores the gravity of the betrayal, as it comes from within this trusted group, illustrating the theme of betrayal and the fulfillment of prophecy.

He who is dipping bread
The act of "dipping bread" is a cultural reference to the practice of sharing a meal, which in ancient Jewish tradition was a sign of fellowship and trust. The Greek word "βάπτω" (baptō) means to dip or immerse, and in this context, it signifies a shared experience and intimacy. This phrase indicates that the betrayer is not an outsider but someone who shares in the communal life and meals with Jesus, heightening the sense of treachery and personal betrayal.

into the bowl with Me
The "bowl" refers to a common dish used during meals, likely containing a sauce or stew. In the cultural and historical context of the Last Supper, sharing from the same bowl was an act of unity and brotherhood. The Greek word "τρίβλιον" (triblion) for "bowl" suggests a communal aspect of the meal. This phrase emphasizes the closeness of the relationship between Jesus and His betrayer, as they share not only physical space but also spiritual and emotional bonds. The act of betrayal is thus made more poignant and tragic, as it comes from one who is part of Jesus' inner circle.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jesus Christ
The central figure of the New Testament, the Son of God, who is speaking in this verse. He is at the Last Supper with His disciples, foretelling His betrayal.

2. The Twelve Disciples
The group of Jesus' closest followers, among whom one will betray Him. This group represents the inner circle of Jesus' ministry on earth.

3. Judas Iscariot
Although not named in this specific verse, he is the disciple who will betray Jesus. His actions fulfill Old Testament prophecies about betrayal.

4. The Last Supper
The setting of this event, where Jesus shares a final meal with His disciples before His crucifixion. It is a significant moment in Christian tradition, symbolizing the establishment of the New Covenant.

5. The Bowl
A common dish used during the meal, symbolizing fellowship and shared life. The act of dipping into the bowl signifies close association and trust.

Teaching Points

The Reality of Betrayal
Even among those closest to Jesus, betrayal was present. This reminds us of the human condition and the presence of sin even in close relationships.

Foreknowledge and Sovereignty of God
Jesus' awareness of His betrayal demonstrates His divine foreknowledge and the fulfillment of Scripture, affirming God's sovereign plan.

The Importance of Self-Examination
As the disciples questioned who would betray Jesus, we are reminded to examine our own hearts and motives in our relationship with Christ.

The Cost of Discipleship
Following Jesus involves trials and challenges, including the potential for betrayal and suffering, yet it is a call to faithfulness.

The Call to Forgiveness
Jesus' response to betrayal was ultimately one of forgiveness and love, setting an example for us to follow in our own lives.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the setting of the Last Supper enhance our understanding of the significance of Jesus' words in Mark 14:20?

2. In what ways does the prophecy in Psalm 41:9 deepen our understanding of the events in Mark 14:20?

3. How can we apply the lesson of self-examination from this passage to our daily walk with Christ?

4. What does Jesus' foreknowledge of His betrayal teach us about His divine nature and the fulfillment of God's plan?

5. How can we follow Jesus' example of forgiveness in our own lives, especially when faced with betrayal or hurt from those close to us?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Psalm 41:9
This verse prophesies the betrayal of a close friend, which is fulfilled in Judas' actions.

John 13:18-30
Provides a more detailed account of the betrayal, including Jesus' identification of Judas as the betrayer.

Matthew 26:23-25
Offers a parallel account of the Last Supper and the identification of the betrayer.

Zechariah 11:12-13
Foretells the betrayal of the Messiah for thirty pieces of silver, which Judas receives for betraying Jesus.