Deuteronomy 19:13

You must show him no pity. You are to purge from Israel the guilt of shedding innocent blood, that it may go well with you.

Study Bible

You must not show pity
The Hebrew root for "pity" is "חוס" (chus), which conveys a sense of sparing or showing compassion. In the context of ancient Israel, this command underscores the importance of justice over personal emotions. The directive to withhold pity in cases of murder reflects the seriousness with which God views the sanctity of life. It emphasizes that justice must be impartial and that personal feelings should not interfere with the execution of divine law. This principle is consistent with the broader biblical theme that God's justice is perfect and must be upheld to maintain societal order and righteousness.

You are to purge from Israel the guilt of shedding innocent blood
The phrase "purge from Israel" uses the Hebrew word "בער" (ba'ar), meaning to remove or eradicate. This reflects the necessity of cleansing the community from the defilement caused by murder. The shedding of "innocent blood" is a grave offense in the biblical narrative, as life is a sacred gift from God. The historical context of ancient Israelite society was one where communal purity and holiness were paramount. The act of purging is not merely punitive but restorative, aiming to restore the community to a state of holiness and alignment with God's will. This reflects the broader biblical principle that sin must be addressed and removed to maintain a covenant relationship with God.

so that it may go well with you
This phrase is a common biblical motif, often associated with obedience to God's commandments leading to blessings and prosperity. The Hebrew word for "well" is "טוב" (tov), which encompasses goodness, welfare, and prosperity. The promise that things will "go well" is contingent upon the community's adherence to God's laws, particularly those concerning justice and righteousness. This reflects the covenantal relationship between God and Israel, where obedience results in divine favor and well-being. It serves as a reminder that God's laws are designed for the flourishing of His people, and adherence to them brings about peace and prosperity. This principle is echoed throughout Scripture, reinforcing the idea that God's commandments are given for the benefit and blessing of His people.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Israel
The nation chosen by God, to whom the laws and commandments were given through Moses. This verse is part of the legal and moral code intended to guide the Israelites in their community life.

2. Moses
The prophet and leader who delivered God's laws to the Israelites. Deuteronomy is a series of speeches by Moses as the Israelites prepare to enter the Promised Land.

3. Cities of Refuge
While not directly mentioned in this verse, the context of Deuteronomy 19 includes the establishment of cities of refuge, where those who committed manslaughter could flee for safety.

4. Innocent Blood
Refers to the wrongful shedding of blood, which is a serious offense in the eyes of God. The verse emphasizes the need for justice in cases of murder.

5. The Promised Land
The land of Canaan, which the Israelites are about to enter. The laws given are meant to ensure justice and righteousness in this new land.

Teaching Points

The Sanctity of Life
Life is sacred, and the wrongful taking of life is a grave sin. This principle underscores the need for justice and the protection of the innocent.

Justice and Mercy
While mercy is a Christian virtue, justice must not be compromised. The balance between justice and mercy is crucial in maintaining a righteous society.

Community Responsibility
The community has a responsibility to uphold justice and ensure that evil is purged from among them. This collective responsibility helps maintain peace and order.

Obedience to God's Commands
Obedience to God's laws leads to blessings and well-being. The Israelites were promised that it would go well with them if they adhered to God's commands.

The Role of Authority
Authorities are established by God to execute justice. Respecting and supporting just governance is part of living out one's faith.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the principle of not showing pity in cases of murder reflect the seriousness of the crime in God's eyes?

2. In what ways can we apply the concept of purging evil from our communities today, both spiritually and practically?

3. How do the teachings of Jesus in the New Testament expand upon the Old Testament laws regarding murder and justice?

4. What role do governing authorities play in executing justice, and how should Christians respond to this in light of Romans 13:4?

5. How can we balance the call for justice with the Christian call to show mercy, especially in situations involving serious wrongdoing?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 9:6
This verse establishes the principle that whoever sheds human blood, by humans shall their blood be shed, highlighting the sanctity of life.

Numbers 35:33
Discusses the defilement of the land through the shedding of innocent blood and the need for atonement.

Matthew 5:21-22
Jesus expands on the commandment against murder, addressing the heart's intent and anger.

Romans 13:4
Speaks to the role of governing authorities in executing justice, which aligns with the principle of purging evil from among the people.