Acts 28:17
After three days, he called together the leaders of the Jews. When they had gathered, he said to them, "Brothers, although I have done nothing against our people or the customs of our fathers, I was taken prisoner in Jerusalem and handed over to the Romans.
After three days,

Paul allowed only a brief time to recover from the voyage and establish himself under Roman guard before resuming his calling. Even in confinement, he acted with the urgency of one entrusted with the gospel.

Est 5:1 On the third day, Esther put on her royal robes.…
Gen 42:17-18 So Joseph imprisoned them for three days,…

he called together the leaders of the Jews.

Rome contained a substantial Jewish community, including many who had returned after Claudius’s earlier expulsion of Jews from the city. Paul followed his established pattern of bearing witness first to his fellow Jews, seeking peace and clarity before rumors from Jerusalem could shape their view of him.

Act 22:30 The next day the commander, wanting to learn…
Jhn 11:47 Then the chief priests and Pharisees convened the Sanhedrin…
Mat 2:4 And when he had assembled all the chief priests…

When they had gathered,

The Jewish leaders responded to Paul’s invitation and met him at his lodging, where he remained guarded by a soldier. Their willingness to come gave Paul an opportunity to explain his circumstances directly.

Act 15:6 So the apostles and elders met to look into this matter.
Act 4:5-6 The next day the rulers, elders, and scribes…
Luk 22:66 At daybreak the council of the elders of the people,…

he said to them, “Brothers,

Paul spoke as a fellow Israelite, not as an enemy of his people. His address affirmed the shared covenant history, Scriptures, and hope that bound him to them.

Act 22:1 “Brothers and fathers, listen now to my defense before you.”
Act 7:2 And Stephen declared: “Brothers and fathers, listen to me!…
Act 2:29 Brothers, I can tell you with confidence,…

although I have done nothing against our people or the customs of our fathers,

Paul had not abandoned Israel or despised the law and traditions given through the fathers. His faith in Jesus as the Messiah fulfilled, rather than overturned, the promises God had made to Israel.

Act 25:8 “I have committed no offense against the law of the Jews…”…
Act 21:21 But they are under the impression that you teach…
Gal 1:14 I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries…

I was taken prisoner in Jerusalem

Jewish opponents seized Paul in the temple and stirred a violent crowd against him because of false accusations concerning his ministry among the Gentiles. Roman soldiers intervened and rescued him from the mob, beginning the chain of events that brought him to Rome.

Act 21:33 The commander came up and arrested Paul,…
Act 22:24 The commander ordered that Paul be brought…
Act 23:10 He ordered the soldiers to go down and remove him…

and handed over to the Romans.

Paul’s opponents pressed their charges before Roman authorities, though the Roman officials repeatedly found no crime deserving death or imprisonment. God used the hostility of men and the authority of Rome to bring His servant before rulers and ultimately to the heart of the empire.

Act 23:33-35 When the horsemen arrived in Caesarea, they delivered…
Jhn 18:30-31 “If He were not a criminal,” they replied,…
Luk 23:1-2 Then the whole council rose and led Jesus away to Pilate.…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Paul
The apostle who is speaking in this verse. He is under house arrest in Rome, awaiting trial.

2. Leaders of the Jews
Jewish leaders in Rome whom Paul calls together to explain his situation and defend his actions.

3. Jerusalem
The city where Paul was arrested, which is significant as the center of Jewish religious life.

4. Romans
The governing authorities who have taken Paul into custody, highlighting the political and legal context of his imprisonment.

5. Rome
The city where Paul is currently under house arrest, representing the heart of the Roman Empire and a strategic location for the spread of the Gospel.
Teaching Points
Integrity in Adversity
Paul maintains his integrity and faithfulness to God despite being unjustly imprisoned. Believers are encouraged to uphold their values and faith even in difficult circumstances.

Engagement with Culture
Paul engages with the Jewish leaders in Rome, showing the importance of dialogue and understanding in sharing the Gospel. Christians are called to engage with their communities thoughtfully and respectfully.

Defense of the Faith
Paul provides a reasoned defense of his actions and beliefs. Christians should be prepared to explain their faith clearly and confidently.

God's Sovereignty in Trials
Despite being a prisoner, Paul sees God's hand in his situation, using it as an opportunity to witness. Believers can trust that God is at work even in challenging times.

Unity and Reconciliation
Paul addresses the Jewish leaders as "brothers," emphasizing unity and reconciliation. Christians are called to seek peace and unity within the body of Christ and with others.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does Paul's approach to the Jewish leaders in Rome reflect his commitment to the Gospel, and how can we apply this in our interactions with others?

2. In what ways does Paul's situation in Acts 28:17 demonstrate God's sovereignty, and how can this perspective help us in our own trials?

3. How can we prepare ourselves to give a defense of our faith, as Paul does in this passage, in our daily lives?

4. What can we learn from Paul's example about maintaining integrity and faithfulness in the face of adversity?

5. How does Paul's emphasis on unity and reconciliation challenge us to address conflicts within our own communities or relationships?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Acts 21-23
These chapters provide the background of Paul's arrest in Jerusalem and his subsequent trials, which he references in Acts 28:17.

Romans 1:16
Paul's commitment to preaching the Gospel to both Jews and Gentiles is evident in his actions and words in Acts 28:17.

Philippians 1:12-14
Paul's imprisonment is seen as an opportunity to advance the Gospel, a theme consistent with his approach in Acts 28:17.

1 Peter 3:15
The call to always be prepared to give a defense for one's faith, which Paul exemplifies in this verse.
The Last Glimpse of PaulAlexander MaclarenActs 28:17
Paul and the Roman JewsE. Johnson Acts 28:16-19
A Unique PrisonerP.C. Barker Acts 28:16-23
Panel's Visitors At RomeJ. Stalker, D. D.Acts 28:16-31
Paul At RomeA. Mitchell, D. D.Acts 28:16-31
Paul At RomeS. L. B. Spears.Acts 28:16-31
Paul At RomeJ. H. Masom.Acts 28:16-31
Paul At RomeD. J. Burrell, D. D.Acts 28:16-31
Paul At RomeWilliam H. Davis.Acts 28:16-31
Paul At RomeA. Barnes, D. D.Acts 28:16-31
Paul WatchedActs 28:16-31
Rome as Seen by PaulDean Howson.Acts 28:16-31
St. Paul At RomeJ. Hampton Gurney, M. A.Acts 28:16-31
The Arrival of Paul At Rome in its Decisive ImportanceK. Gerok.Acts 28:16-31
The New SphereW. M. Taylor, D. D.Acts 28:16-31
Paul's Farewell to the JewsK. Gerok.Acts 28:17-22
Paul's First Conference with the Jewish ChiefsD. Thomas, D. D.Acts 28:17-22
The Christian and the JewW. Clarkson Acts 28:17-28
People
Esaias, Isaiah, Paul, Publius
Places
Alexandria, Forum of Appius, Jerusalem, Judea, Malta, Puteoli, Rhegium, Rome, Syracuse, Three Taverns
Topics
Although, Ancestors, Arrested, Assembled, Brethren, Brothers, Chief, Committed, Complete, Contrary, Customs, Delivered, Fathers, Forefathers, Gathered, Handed, Hands, Invited, Jerusalem, Jews, Leaders, Leading, Local, Meet, Nothing, Pass, Paul, Power, Prejudicial, Principal, Prisoner, Romans, Saying, Though, Yet
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Acts 28:17

     5286   custom
     5461   prisoners
     5651   ancestors
     5661   brothers

Acts 28:17-31

     7703   apologetics

Library
After the Wreck
'And when they were escaped, then they knew that the island was called Melita. 2. And the barbarous people showed us no little kindness: for they kindled a fire, and received us every one, because of the present rain, and because of the cold. 3. And when Paul had gathered a bundle of sticks, and laid them on the fire, there came a viper out of the heat, and fastened on his hand. 4. And when the barbarians saw the venomous beast hang on his hand, they said among themselves, No doubt this man is a
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

The Last Glimpse of Paul
'And it came to pass, that, after three days, Paul called the chief of the Jews together: and when they were come together, he said unto them, Men and brethren, though I have committed nothing against the people or customs of our fathers, yet was I delivered prisoner from Jerusalem into the hands of the Romans; 18. Who, when they had examined me, would have let me go, because there was no cause of death in me. 19. But when the Jews spake against it, I was constrained to appeal unto Caesar; not that
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

Paul in Rome
And Paul dwelt two whole years in his own hired house, and received all that came in unto him, 31. Preaching the kingdom of God, and teaching those things which concern the Lord Jesus Christ, with all confidence, no man forbidding him.' --ACTS xxviii. 30, 31. So ends this book. It stops rather than ends. Many reasons might be suggested for closing here. Probably the simplest is the best, that nothing more is said for nothing more had yet been done. Probably the book was written during these two years.
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

On Faith
"Without faith it is impossible to please him." Heb. 11:6. 1. But what is Faith? It is a divine "evidence and conviction of things not seen;" of things which are not seen now, whether they are visible or invisible in their own nature. Particularly, it is a divine evidence and conviction of God, and of the things of God. This is the most comprehensive definition of faith that ever was or can be given; as including every species of faith, from the lowest to the highest. And yet I do not remember any
John Wesley—Sermons on Several Occasions

Pastoral and Personal
FOURTH GROUP OF EPISTLES FIRST TIMOTHY. TITUS. SECOND TIMOTHY. THE PLACE OF THE EPISTLES +When Written.+--It is generally agreed among scholars that no place can be found for the writing of First Timothy, Titus, and Second Timothy in the period covered by Luke in his narrative in Acts. Agreeing with the tradition of the church, however, the opinion of many eminent scholars is that Paul was released from the first Roman imprisonment (Acts 28:16, 30), that he again took up his missionary work, and
Henry T. Sell—Bible Studies in the Life of Paul

The Supremacy of Christ
THIRD GROUP OF EPISTLES COLOSSIANS. PHILEMON. EPHESIANS. PHILIPPIANS. THE QUESTION AT ISSUE +The Supremacy of Christ.+--These Epistles mark a new stage in the writings of Paul. The great question discussed in the second group of Epistles was in regard to the terms of salvation. The question now at issue (in Colossians, Ephesians, Philippian+The Reason for the Raising of this Question+ was the development of certain false religious beliefs among which were, "asceticism, the worship of angels,
Henry T. Sell—Bible Studies in the Life of Paul

The Apostle's Position and Circumstances
PHILIPPIANS i. 12-20 Disloyal "brethren"--Interest of the paragraph--The victory of patience--The Praetorian sentinel--Separatism, and how it was met--St Paul's secret--His "earnest expectation"--"Christ magnified"--"In my body" St Paul has spoken his affectionate greeting to the Philippians, and has opened to them the warm depths of his friendship with them in the Lord. What he feels towards them "in the heart of Christ Jesus," what he prays for them in regard of the growth and fruit of their
Handley C. G. Moule—Philippian Studies

The New Name of Methodism
Sunday, 9.--I declared to about ten thousand, in Moorfields, what they must do to be saved. My mother went with us, about five, to Kennington, where were supposed to be twenty thousand people. I again insisted on that foundation of all our hope, "Believe in the Lord Jesus, and thou shalt be saved." From Kennington I went to a society at Lambeth. The house being filled, the rest stood in the garden. The deep attention they showed gave me a good hope that they will not all be forgetful hearers. Sunday,
John Wesley—The Journal of John Wesley

Wesley in Wales
Monday, 15.--Upon a pressing invitation, some time since received, I set out for Wales. About four in the afternoon I preached on a little green at the foot of the Devauden (a high hill, two or three miles beyond Chepstow) to three or four hundred plain people on "Christ our wisdom, righteousness, sanctification, and redemption." After sermon, one who I trust is an old disciple of Christ, willingly received us into his house: whither many following, I showed them their need of a Saviour from these
John Wesley—The Journal of John Wesley

The Theme of Acts
'The former treatise have I made, O Theophilus, of all that Jesus began both to do and teach. 2. Until the day in which He was taken up.'--ACTS i. 1, 2. 'And Paul dwelt two whole years in his own hired house, and received all that came in unto him, 31. Preaching the kingdom of God, and teaching those things which concern the Lord Jesus Christ, with all confidence, no man forbidding him.' --ACTS xxviii. 30, 31. So begins and so ends this Book. I connect the commencement and the close, because I think
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

Lix. What was Learned in God's House. Isaiah vi.
NOT SEEN BY EVERYONE THERE.--Isaiah had his eyes opened. The same awful Person had been present before, but had not been seen, and He is still there, but how few of us are conscious of His presence. How differently the church and chapel-goers would look next Sunday morning as they come home, if only they realised what had been going on in the place where they had spent the last hour. I. A LESSON FROM HISTORY.--"In the year that King Uzziah died I saw the Lord." The King of Judah was dead, but
Thomas Champness—Broken Bread

The Church of Jerusalem and the Labors of Peter.
Su hei Petros, kai epi taute petra oikodomeso mou ten ekklesian, kai pulai hadou ou katischusousin autes.--Matt. 16:18. Literature. I. Genuine sources: Acts 2 to 12; Gal. 2; and two Epistles of Peter. Comp. the Commentaries on Acts, and the Petrine Epistles. Among the commentators of Peter's Epp. I mention Archbishop Leighton (in many editions, not critical, but devout and spiritual), Steiger (1832, translated by Fairbairn, 1836), John Brown (1849, 2 vols.), Wiesinger (1856 and 1862, in Olshausen's
Philip Schaff—History of the Christian Church, Volume I

Quotations from the Old Testament in the New.
1. As it respects inspiration, and consequent infallible authority, the quotations of the New Testament stand on a level with the rest of the apostolic writings. The Saviour's promise was: "When he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he will guide you into all truth;" literally, "into all the truth," that is, as immediately explained, all the truth pertaining to the Redeemer's person and work. When, therefore, after the fulfilment of this promise, Peter and the other apostles expounded to their brethren
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible

Chronology of the Apostolic Age.
See the works quoted in § 20 p. 193, 194, especially Wieseler. Comp. also, Hackett on Acts, pp. 22 to 30 (third ed.). The chronology of the apostolic age is partly certain, at least within a few years, partly conjectural: certain as to the principal events from a.d. 30 to 70, conjectural as to intervening points and the last thirty years of the first century. The sources are the New Testament (especially the Acts and the Pauline Epistles), Josephus, and the Roman historians. Josephus ( b. 37,
Philip Schaff—History of the Christian Church, Volume I

Mission and Return of the Seventy.
(Probably in Judæa, October, a.d. 29.) ^C Luke X. 1-24. ^c 1 Now after these things the Lord appointed seventy others [i. e., other messengers in addition to the twelve apostles], and sent them two and two before his face into every city and place, whither he himself was about to come. [Luke has told us of the journey through Samaria to Jerusalem, and John has told us what occurred at the Feast of Tabernacles in Jerusalem. We learn from John also that Jesus was at the Feast of Dedication (John
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Ancient Versions of the Old Testament.
In the present chapter only those versions of the Old Testament are noticed which were made independently of the New. Versions of the whole Bible, made in the interest of Christianity, are considered in the following part. I. THE GREEK VERSION CALLED THE SEPTUAGINT. 1. This is worthy of special notice as the oldest existing version of the holy Scriptures, or any part of them, in any language; and also as the version which exerted a very large influence on the language and style of the New Testament;
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible

Preaching (iii. ).
Eternal Fulness, overflow to me Till I, Thy vessel, overflow for Thee; For sure the streams that make Thy garden grow Are never fed but by an overflow: Not till Thy prophets with Thyself run o'er Are Israel's watercourses full once more. Again I treat of the sermon. We have looked, my younger Brother and I, at some main secrets and prescriptions for attractive preaching. What shall I more say on the subject of the pulpit? In the first place I will offer a few miscellaneous suggestions, and then
Handley C. G. Moule—To My Younger Brethren

Divine Healing.
The thirty-fifth chapter of Isaiah is a prophecy beautifully extolling the glories and virtues of Christ's redemptive works. "The desert shall rejoice and blossom as the rose." "It shall blossom abundantly, and rejoice even with joy and singing: the glory of Lebanon shall be given unto it, the excellency of Carmel and Sharon, they shall see the glory of the Lord, and the excellency of our God.... Then the eyes of the blind shall be opened, and the ears of the deaf shall be unstopped. Then shall the
Charles Ebert Orr—The Gospel Day

The Work of the Holy Spirit in Prophets and Apostles.
The work of the Holy Spirit in apostles and prophets is an entirely distinctive work. He imparts to apostles and prophets an especial gift for an especial purpose. We read in 1 Cor. xii. 4, 8-11, 28, 29, R. V., "Now there are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit.... For to one is given through the Spirit wisdom; and to another the word of knowledge, according to the same Spirit; to another faith, in the same Spirit; and to another gifts of healings, in the one Spirit; and to another workings
R. A. Torrey—The Person and Work of The Holy Spirit

First Missionary Journey Scripture
STUDY III FIRST MISSIONARY JOURNEY Scripture, Acts 13:1-14:26 INTRODUCTION TO THE THREE MISSIONARY JOURNEYS Before taking up the study of the first missionary journey, attention is called to certain points which should be considered in regard to all three of them (Acts 13:1-21:17). We have now arrived at what we might call the watershed of the Acts of the Apostles. Hitherto we have had various scenes, characters, personages to consider. Henceforth Paul, his labors, his disputes, his speeches, occupy
Henry T. Sell—Bible Studies in the Life of Paul

The Purpose in the Coming of Jesus.
God Spelling Himself out in Jesus: change in the original language--bother in spelling Jesus out--sticklers for the old forms--Jesus' new spelling of old words. Jesus is God following us up: God heart-broken--man's native air--bad choice affected man's will--the wrong lane--God following us up. The Early Eden Picture, Genesis 1:26-31. 2:7-25: unfallen man--like God--the breath of God in man--a spirit, infinite, eternal--love--holy--wise--sovereign over creation, Psalm 8:5-8--in his own will--summary--God's
S. D. Gordon—Quiet Talks about Jesus

Interpretation of Prophecy.
1. The scriptural idea of prophecy is widely removed from that of human foresight and presentiment. It is that of a revelation made by the Holy Spirit respecting the future, always in the interest of God's kingdom. It is no part of the plan of prophecy to gratify vain curiosity respecting "the times or the seasons which the Father hath put in his own power." Acts 1:7. "Comfort ye, comfort ye my people, saith your God"--this is its key-note. In its form it is carefully adapted to this great end.
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible

The Epistles of Paul.
1. The apostolic epistles are a natural sequence of the office and work committed by the Saviour to the apostles. They were the primitive preachers of the gospel, and, under Christ, the founders of the Christian church. From the necessity of the case they had a general supervision of all the local churches, and their authority in them was supreme in matters of both faith and practice. It was to be expected, therefore, that they should teach by writing, as well as by oral instruction. It does not
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible

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