Acts 2:31 Study Bible: he foreseeing this spoke about the resurrection of the Messiah, that neither was he left in Sheol, nor did his flesh see decay.

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Foreseeing this, David spoke about the resurrection of the Christ, that He was not abandoned to Hades, nor did His body see decay.

Study Bible

Foreseeing this
The phrase "foreseeing this" indicates a prophetic vision or understanding granted by God. In the context of Acts 2, Peter is explaining how David, through the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, was able to look forward to the future Messiah. The Greek word used here, "prooraō," implies seeing beforehand or having a divine insight. This highlights the belief that the Old Testament prophecies were divinely inspired and pointed towards the coming of Jesus Christ, affirming the continuity and divine orchestration of the biblical narrative.

David spoke
"David spoke" refers to King David, a central figure in Jewish history, revered as a prophet and a man after God's own heart. His writings, particularly in the Psalms, are seen as both personal reflections and prophetic utterances. The reference to David speaking underscores the belief that the Old Testament is not merely historical but also prophetic, with David's words having a dual fulfillment—both in his own time and in the life of Christ.

about the resurrection of the Christ
This phrase is pivotal as it connects the Old Testament prophecy with the New Testament fulfillment. "The Christ" refers to the Anointed One, the Messiah, whom Christians believe is Jesus. The resurrection is central to Christian faith, as it signifies Jesus' victory over sin and death. The Greek term "anastasis" for resurrection emphasizes a rising again, a return to life, which is foundational to the hope of eternal life promised in the New Testament.

that He was not abandoned to Hades
"Hades" in this context refers to the realm of the dead, a concept familiar in both Jewish and Greek thought. The assurance that Christ was "not abandoned" to Hades signifies that death could not hold Him, affirming His divine nature and the power of God to overcome death. This is a fulfillment of Psalm 16:10, where David speaks of God's faithfulness in not leaving His Holy One in the grave, thus reinforcing the belief in Jesus' resurrection as a divine act.

nor did His body see decay
The phrase "nor did His body see decay" emphasizes the physical resurrection of Jesus. In Jewish tradition, decay was a sign of death's finality, but the absence of decay in Jesus' case is a testament to His divine nature and the miraculous nature of His resurrection. The Greek word "diaphthora" for decay suggests corruption or destruction, which Jesus' body did not experience, underscoring the belief in His bodily resurrection and the hope of believers' future resurrection.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The King of Israel and a prophet, who foresaw the resurrection of Christ. His writings in the Psalms are often seen as prophetic, pointing to the Messiah.

2. Christ (Messiah)
The anointed one, Jesus, whose resurrection is the fulfillment of David's prophecy. His resurrection is central to Christian faith as it signifies victory over death.

3. Hades
In this context, it refers to the realm of the dead. The prophecy indicates that Christ would not be left in the grave.

4. Resurrection
The event of Jesus rising from the dead, which is a cornerstone of Christian belief and the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy.

5. Peter's Sermon at Pentecost
The event where Peter, filled with the Holy Spirit, explains the significance of Jesus' resurrection to the crowd, using David's prophecy as evidence.

Teaching Points

Prophetic Fulfillment
The resurrection of Christ is a fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy, demonstrating the reliability and divine inspiration of Scripture.

Victory Over Death
Christ's resurrection signifies victory over death, offering believers hope for eternal life.

The Role of Prophecy in Faith
Understanding how Old Testament prophecies point to Christ can strengthen faith and provide a deeper understanding of God's redemptive plan.

The Importance of the Resurrection
The resurrection is not just a historical event but a foundational truth that impacts daily Christian living and hope.

Witnessing with Scripture
Like Peter, believers can use Scripture to explain and defend their faith, showing how Jesus fulfills the prophecies.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding David's role as a prophet enhance your view of the Old Testament's connection to the New Testament?

2. In what ways does the resurrection of Christ provide hope and assurance in your personal life?

3. How can you use the fulfillment of prophecy in Scripture to share your faith with others?

4. What are some practical ways you can live out the victory over death that Christ's resurrection provides?

5. How does the resurrection of Christ influence your understanding of eternal life and the afterlife?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Psalm 16:10
This is the specific Psalm of David that Peter references, where David speaks of not being abandoned to the realm of the dead, which is fulfilled in Christ's resurrection.

1 Corinthians 15
Paul discusses the resurrection of Christ and its importance for believers, affirming the prophecy and its fulfillment.

Matthew 12:40
Jesus Himself speaks of His death and resurrection, comparing it to Jonah's three days in the belly of the fish, indicating His foreknowledge of the event.

Sermons

The Day of Pentecost, and its Immediate Gifts	P.C. Barker	Acts 2:1-41
The Spirit Speaking Through the Voice of an Apostle	R.A. Redford	Acts 2:14-36
Truths from Peter's Sermon	W. Clarkson	Acts 2:14-36
A New Style of Religious Ministry	D. Thomas, D. D.	Acts 2:14-40
A Sermon to Prick the Conscience	J. C. Jones.	Acts 2:14-40
A Varied Ministry Blessed by the Holy Spirit	C. H. Spurgeon.	Acts 2:14-40
Different Styles of Preaching	W. Arthur, M. A.	Acts 2:14-40
Elements of Power in Peter's Sermon	Homiletic Monthly	Acts 2:14-40
Peter's Impulsiveness Useful Because Wisely Directed	W. H. Blake.	Acts 2:14-40
Plain Preaching		Acts 2:14-40
Preaching on the Day of Pentecost	J. Thompson, A. M.	Acts 2:14-40
St. Peter to the Multitude	D. Fraser, D. D.	Acts 2:14-40
St. Peter's First Sermon	G. T. Stokes, D. D.	Acts 2:14-40
The First Apostolic Appeal to the Multitude	W. Hudson.	Acts 2:14-40
The First Sermon	Dean Vaughan.	Acts 2:14-40
The Power of the Human Voice	J. Parker.	Acts 2:14-40
The Scene	W. Arthur, M. A.	Acts 2:14-40
Bonds Which Could not Hold		Acts 2:22-36
Christ Crucified According to the Determinate Counsel and Foreknowledge of God	J. Beaumont, D. D.	Acts 2:22-36
Christ Still Escaping from Entombment	C. H. Parkhurst, D. D.	Acts 2:22-36
Miracles	Principal J. W. Dawson.	Acts 2:22-36
Personal Preaching		Acts 2:22-36
The Connection of the Christian Events	E. Johnson	Acts 2:22-36
The Effect of Pentecost Upon Peter	J. Parker, D. D.	Acts 2:22-36
The First Christian Apology	J. O. Dykes, D. D.	Acts 2:22-36
The Gospel in its Simplicity	W. Hudson.	Acts 2:22-36
The Inevitableness of Christ's Resurrection	J. Jowett, M. A.	Acts 2:22-36
The Miracles of Christ Appealed to on the Day of Pentecost	Expository Outlines	Acts 2:22-36
The Nature and Quality of the Death Christ Died Upon the Cross	J. Flavel.	Acts 2:22-36
The Necessity of Christ's Resurrection	W. Gladden, D. D.	Acts 2:22-36
The Resurrection	R. South, D. D.	Acts 2:22-36
The Resurrection Inevitable	Canon Liddon.	Acts 2:22-36
An Anti-Rationalist Argument	W. Hudson.	Acts 2:29-32
Our Witness to the Resurrection	T. L. Claughton, M. A.	Acts 2:29-32
The Witness of the Church	Canon Scott Holland.	Acts 2:29-32
The Witness of the Disciples	J. Baldwin Brown, B. A.	Acts 2:29-32
The First Argument for the Resurrection	R. Tuck	Acts 2:29-36

People

Arabians, David, Elam, Elamites, Israelites, Joel, Parthians, Peter

Places

Asia, Cappadocia, Crete, Cyrene, Egypt, Jerusalem, Judea, Libya, Mesopotamia, Pamphylia, Phrygia, Pontus, Rome

Topics

Abandoned, Ahead, Body, Christ, Corruption, Dead, Decay, Destruction, Effect, Flesh, Foresaw, Foreseeing, Foreseen, Foresight, Forsaken, Future, Grave, Hades, Hell, Kept, Prophetic, Resurrection, Rising, Seeing, Soul, Spake, Speak, Spoke, Suffer, Talking, Undergo, Unseen

Dictionary of Bible Themes

Acts 2:31

     2366   Christ, prophecies concerning
     2530   Christ, death of
     5288   dead, the
     6166   flesh, sinful nature
     9530   Hades

Acts 2:1-41

7505 Jews, the

Acts 2:14-41

7703 apologetics
8712 denial of Christ

Acts 2:22-36

2206 Jesus, the Christ

Acts 2:22-39

6678 justification, Christ's work

Acts 2:24-31

6142 decay

Acts 2:24-32

2560 Christ, resurrection

Acts 2:25-32

9311 resurrection, of Christ

Acts 2:29-31

1351 covenant, with David
5467 promises, divine

Acts 2:29-36

5369 kingship, divine

Acts 2:31-32

2560 Christ, resurrection

Acts 2:31-33

2555 Christ, resurrection appearances

Acts 2:31-36

5115 Peter, preacher and teacher

Library

November 25 Evening
Whosoever shall call on the name of the Lord shall he saved.--ACTS 2:21. Manasseh did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord, after the abominations of the heathen, and he reared up altars for Baal. And he built altars for all the host of heaven in the two courts of the house of the Lord. And he made his son pass through the fire, and observed times, and used enchantments, and dealt with familiar spirits and wizards: he wrought much wickedness in the sight of the Lord, to provoke him to anger.--And …
Anonymous—Daily Light on the Daily Path

July 3 Evening
Things which are despised, hath God chosen.--I COR. 1:28. Behold, are not all these which speak Galilaeans? Jesus, . . . saw two brethren, . . . casting a net into the sea: for they were fishers. And he saith unto them, Follow me.--Now when they saw the boldness of Peter and John, and perceived that they were unlearned and ignorant men, they marvelled; and they took knowledge of them, that they had been with Jesus. My speech and my preaching was not with enticing words of man's wisdom, but in demonstration …
Anonymous—Daily Light on the Daily Path

March 4. "They were all Filled with the Holy Ghost" (Acts ii. 4).
"They were all filled with the Holy Ghost" (Acts ii. 4). Blessed secret of spiritual purity, victory and joy, of physical life and healing, and all power for service. Filled with the Spirit there is no room for self or sin, for fret or care. Filled with the Spirit we repel the elements of disease that are in the air as the red-hot iron repels the water that touches it. Filled with the Spirit we are always ready for service, and Satan turns away when he finds the Holy Ghost enrobing us in His garments …
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

Pentecost
Text: Acts 2, 1-13. 1 And when the day of Pentecost was now come, they were all together in one place. 2 And suddenly there came from heaven a sound as of the rushing of a mighty wind, and it filled all the house where they were sitting. 3 And there appeared unto them tongues parting asunder, like as of fire; and it sat upon each one of them. 4 And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance. 5 Now there were dwelling at Jerusalem …
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. II

Pentecost Monday
Text: Acts 2, 14-28. Only the text, without a sermon, is printed in the edition of 1559 of Luther's works. This and the following epistle text are too long to consider here, as they contain so many beautiful quotations from the Old Testament, which should not be passed over too briefly. Hence their discussion is reserved for their proper place. …
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. II

Pentecost Tuesday
Text: Acts 2, 29-36. Only the text, without a sermon, is printed in the edition of 1559 of Luther's works. …
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. II

The Name Above Every Name
'Therefore let all the house of Israel know assuredly, that God hath made that same Jesus, whom ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ.'--ACTS ii. 36. It is no part of my purpose at this time to consider the special circumstances under which these words were spoken, nor even to enter upon an exposition of their whole scope. I select them for one reason, the occurrence in them of the three names by which we designate our Saviour--Jesus, Lord, Christ. To us they are very little more than three proper …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

A Fourfold Cord
'And they continued stedfastly in the Apostles' doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers.' --ACTS ii. 42. The Early Church was not a pattern for us, and the idea of its greatly superior purity is very largely a delusion. But still, though that be true, the occasional glimpses that we get at intervals in the early chapters of this Book of the Acts of the Apostles do present a very instructive and beautiful picture of what a Christian society may be, and therefore of what Christian …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

A Pure Church an Increasing Church
'And the Lord added to the church daily such as should be saved.'--ACTS ii. 47. 'And the Lord added to them day by day those that were being saved.'--(R. V.) You observe that the principal alterations of these words in the Revised Version are two: the one the omission of 'the church,' the other the substitution of 'were being saved' for 'such as should be saved.' The former of these changes has an interest as suggesting that at the early period referred to the name of 'the church' had not yet been …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

The Abiding Gift and Its Transitory Accompaniments
'And when the day of Pentecost was fully come, they were all with one accord in one place. 2 And suddenly there came a sound from heaven as of a rushing mighty wind, and it filled all the house where they were sitting. 3. And there appeared unto them cloven tongues like as of fire, and it sat upon each of them. 4. And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance. 5. And there were dwelling at Jerusalem Jews, devout men, out of …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

The Fourfold Symbols of the Spirit
'A rushing mighty wind.' ... 'Cloven tongues like as of fire.' ... 'I will pour out of My Spirit upon all flesh.' --ACTS ii. 2, 3, 17. 'Ye have an unction from the Holy One.'--1 JOHN ii. 20. Wind, fire, water, oil,--these four are constant Scriptural symbols for the Spirit of God. We have them all in these fragments of verses which I have taken for my text now, and which I have isolated from their context for the purpose of bringing out simply these symbolical references. I think that perhaps we …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

Peter's First Sermon
'This Jesus hath God raised up, whereof we all are witnesses. 33. Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost, He hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear. 34. For David is not ascended into the heavens: but he saith himself, The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit Thou on My right hand, 35. Until I make Thy foes Thy footstool. 36. Therefore let all the house of Israel know assuredly, that God hath made that same Jesus, whom ye …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

The Historical and Spiritual Causes of the Death of Christ
"Him, being by the determined will and foreknowledge of God given up, through the hand of lawless men, ye affixed to a cross and slew."--ACTS II. 23. St. Paul places this in the very forefront of that gospel which, as it had been delivered to him, so he in his turn had delivered to the Corinthians, that "Christ died for our sins." Neglecting all, deeper interpretations of this, it is at least clear that in the apostle's mind there was the closest and most intimate connexion between the death of …
J. H. Beibitz—Gloria Crucis

The Necessity and Benefits of Religious Society
Eccles. 4:9-12 -- "Two are better than one, because they have a good reward for their labor. For if they fall, the one will lift up his fellow: but woe be to him that is alone when he falleth; for he hath not another to help him up. Again, if two lie together, then they have heat; but how can one be warm alone? And if one prevail against him, two shall withstand him; and a threefold cord is not quickly broken. Among the many reasons assignable for the sad decay of true Christianity, perhaps the neglecting …
George Whitefield—Selected Sermons of George Whitefield

The Great Assize
[i.e., The Last Judgment -- GL] [21] "We shall all stand before the judgement-seat of Christ." Rom. 14:10. 1. How many circumstances concur to raise the awfulness of the present solemnity! -- The general concourse of people of every age, sex, rank, and condition of life, willingly or unwillingly gathered together, not only from the neighboring, but from distant, parts; criminals, speedily to be brought forth and having no way to escape; officers, waiting in their various posts, to execute the orders …
John Wesley—Sermons on Several Occasions

The Means of Grace
"Ye are gone away from mine ordinances, and have not kept them." Mal. 3:7. I. 1. But are there any ordinances now, since life and immortality were brought to light by the gospel? Are there, under the Christian dispensation, any means ordained of God, as the usual channels of his grace? This question could never have been proposed in the apostolical church, unless by one who openly avowed himself to be a Heathen; the whole body of Christians being agreed, that Christ had ordained certain outward means, …
John Wesley—Sermons on Several Occasions

Pricked in their Heart
Peter's discourse was not distinguished by any special rhetorical display: he used not the words of man's wisdom or eloquence. It was not an oration, but it was a heart-moving argument, entreaty, and exhortation. He gave his hearers a simple, well-reasoned, Scriptural discourse, sustained by the facts of experience; and every passage of it pointed to the Lord Jesus. It was in these respects a model of what a sermon ought to be as to its contents. His plea was personally addressed to the people who …
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 35: 1889

The Baptism of the Spirit
And suddenly there came a sound from Heaven as of a rushing mighty wind.... And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost.' (Acts ii. 2, 4.) The Holy Ghost is the active force in all spiritual life. It is, therefore, important that we should realize the close connexion between the experience of Holiness and that 'Promise of the Father' for which the early disciples were to wait. All followers of Jesus should realize, as truly as the disciples did on that historic day, that their day of Pentecost …
T. H. Howard—Standards of Life and Service

The Promises of the Christian Home.
"The promise is unto you, and to your children." ACTS II., 39. "Parent who plantedst in the joy of love, Yet hast not gather'd fruit,--save rankling thorns, Or Sodom's bitter apples,--hast thou read Heaven's promise to the seeker? Thou may'st bring Those o'er whose cradle thou didst watch with pride, And lay them at thy Savior's feet, for lo! His shadow falling on the wayward soul, May give it holy health. And when thou kneel'st Low at the pavement of sweet Mercy's gate, Beseeching for thine erring …
Samuel Philips—The Christian Home

False Teachings of the Apostasy.
This is subject enough for volumes. There is scarcely a text in the Bible but what has been perverted by some one confused by the fogs of Babylon. Perhaps you can not find two individuals in the whole of sectism that see "eye to eye" upon the whole truth. To mention all the erroneous teachings of apostates would be almost impossible. However we believe it to be compatible with this work and to the glory of God to mention and refute a few of the false doctrines that have been most effectual in obscuring …
Charles Ebert Orr—The Gospel Day

How Does it Come?
How does the Filling of the Spirit come? "Does it come once for all? or is it always coming, as it were?" was a question addressed to me once by a young candidate for the Baptism of the Holy Ghost. There are many asking the same question. We have considered how the Fullness is obtained, but now we proceed to consider, How does the Fullness come? In speaking of the blessing of being filled with the Spirit, the New Testament writers use three tenses in the Greek--the Aorist, the Imperfect, and the …
John MacNeil—The Spirit-Filled Life

Its Effects.
Among the effects and benefits which in this life accompany and flow from being filled with the Holy Ghost, may be mentioned the following:-- 1. Courage. "Oh, I could not do so and so--I have not the courage," is a reply frequently made by Christian people when asked to undertake some piece of service or other for the Master. The first point to be settled is, "Is that the Master's will for me?" If so, lack of courage is a confession to the lack of the "Fullness of the Holy Ghost." The Spirit-filled …
John MacNeil—The Spirit-Filled Life

Every Believer's Birthright.
On every hand a lack of something is being felt and expressed by God's people. Their Christian experience is not what they expected it would be. Instead of expected victory, it is oft-recurring, dreaded defeat; instead of soul satisfaction, it is soul hunger; instead of deep, abiding heart rest, it is disquiet and discontent; instead of advancing, it is losing ground. Is this all Christ meant when He said, "Come unto Me"? Is this life of constant disappointment the normal life of the Bible Christian? …
John MacNeil—The Spirit-Filled Life

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