1 Samuel 18:7

And as the women danced, they sang out: "Saul has slain his thousands, and David his tens of thousands."

Study Bible

And as the women danced, they sang out:
In ancient Israel, music and dance were integral parts of celebrations and communal gatherings. Women often led these activities, especially in victory celebrations, as seen in Exodus 15:20-21 with Miriam after the crossing of the Red Sea. The act of dancing and singing in this context signifies joy and communal participation in the triumphs of their leaders. This cultural practice highlights the role of women in expressing communal sentiments and the importance of music in Hebrew worship and celebration.

“Saul has slain his thousands,
Saul, the first king of Israel, was initially celebrated for his military victories and leadership. His reign began with promise, as he was chosen by God and anointed by Samuel (1 Samuel 10:1). The phrase acknowledges Saul's accomplishments and his role as a warrior king. However, it also subtly introduces the theme of comparison and competition between Saul and David, which becomes a central tension in the narrative. This comparison foreshadows Saul's growing jealousy and insecurity, which ultimately leads to his downfall.

and David his tens of thousands.”
David's reputation as a warrior is highlighted here, marking the beginning of his rise in popularity and favor among the people. This phrase not only celebrates David's military prowess but also signifies God's favor upon him, as seen in his victory over Goliath (1 Samuel 17). The hyperbolic nature of the statement underscores David's growing influence and the divine anointing that sets him apart for future kingship (1 Samuel 16:13). This comparison between Saul and David sets the stage for the unfolding narrative of David's ascent and Saul's decline, reflecting the biblical theme of God's sovereignty in raising and deposing leaders. David, as a type of Christ, prefigures the ultimate King who will reign with justice and righteousness.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Saul
The first king of Israel, anointed by the prophet Samuel. Saul's reign is marked by his initial obedience to God, followed by disobedience and jealousy, particularly towards David.

2. David
A young shepherd who was anointed by Samuel to be the future king of Israel. Known for his faith in God, David becomes a celebrated warrior and musician in Saul's court.

3. Women of Israel
The women who sang and danced in celebration of the military victories. Their song highlights the growing popularity and success of David compared to Saul.

4. Israel
The nation chosen by God, consisting of twelve tribes. At this time, Israel is transitioning from a theocracy to a monarchy under Saul's leadership.

5. Philistines
A significant enemy of Israel during this period. David's victories over the Philistines, including the defeat of Goliath, contribute to his rising fame.

Teaching Points

The Danger of Comparison
Comparing ourselves to others can lead to jealousy and insecurity, as seen in Saul's reaction to David's success. We should focus on our unique calling and gifts from God.

God's Sovereignty in Leadership
God raises and removes leaders according to His purpose. David's rise to prominence is a reminder of God's sovereign plan, even when it seems contrary to human expectations.

Celebrating Others' Successes
The women of Israel celebrated David's victories without diminishing Saul's contributions. We should learn to rejoice in others' successes, recognizing that all achievements are ultimately for God's glory.

The Power of Words
The song of the women had a profound impact on Saul and David's relationship. Our words can build up or tear down, and we should use them wisely to encourage and edify others.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Saul's reaction to the women's song reveal his heart condition, and what can we learn about guarding our hearts against jealousy?

2. In what ways does David's rise to prominence demonstrate God's sovereignty, and how can we trust God's plan in our own lives?

3. How can we celebrate the successes of others in our community or church without feeling threatened or diminished?

4. Reflect on a time when words had a significant impact on your life, either positively or negatively. How can you use your words to build others up?

5. How does the account of David and Saul challenge us to examine our motives and attitudes towards leadership and authority in our lives?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 17
The chapter preceding this verse details David's victory over Goliath, which sets the stage for the women's song and Saul's jealousy.

1 Samuel 18:8-9
These verses describe Saul's reaction to the song, highlighting his growing jealousy and fear of David.

1 Samuel 16:7
God's choice of David over Saul is rooted in the heart, not outward appearances, which contrasts with Saul's focus on public perception.

2 Samuel 6:14-16
David's own dancing before the Lord when the Ark of the Covenant is brought to Jerusalem, showing his heart for worship and God's presence.