Joel 1:18
Strong's Lexicon
How
מַה־ (mah-)
Interrogative
Strong's Hebrew 4100: interr pron 1) what, how, of what kind 1a) (interrogative) 1a1) what? 1a2) of what kind 1a3) what? (rhetorical) 1a4) whatsoever, whatever, what 1b) (adverb) 1b1) how, how now 1b2) why 1b3) how! (exclamation) 1c) (with prep) 1c1) wherein?, whereby?, wherewith?, by what means? 1c2) because of what? 1c3) the like of what? 1c3a) how much?, how many?, how often? 1c3b) for how long? 1c4) for what reason?, why?, to what purpose? 1c5) until when?, how long?, upon what?, wherefore? indef pron 2) anything, aught, what may

the cattle
בְהֵמָ֗ה (ḇə·hê·māh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's Hebrew 929: 1) beast, cattle, animal 1a) beasts (coll of all animals) 1b) cattle, livestock (of domestic animals) 1c) wild beasts

groan !
נֶּאֶנְחָ֣ה (ne·’en·ḥāh)
Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's Hebrew 584: 1) (Niphal) sigh, groan (in pain or grief), gasp 1a) moan (of cattle)

The herds
עֶדְרֵ֣י (‘eḏ·rê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's Hebrew 5739: 1) flock, herd 1a) flock 1b) herds, flocks and herds

בָקָ֔ר (ḇā·qār)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's Hebrew 1241: 1) cattle, herd, oxen, ox 1a) cattle (generic pl. but sing. in form-coll) 1b) herd (particular one) 1c) head of cattle (individually)

wander in confusion
נָבֹ֙כוּ֙ (nā·ḇō·ḵū)
Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's Hebrew 943: 1) to perplex, confuse, be confused 1a) (Niphal) to be confused, be in confusion

because
כִּ֛י ()
Conjunction
Strong's Hebrew 3588: 1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since 1a) that 1a1) yea, indeed 1b) when (of time) 1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force) 1c) because, since (causal connection) 1d) but (after negative) 1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if 1f) but rather, but 1g) except that 1h) only, nevertheless 1i) surely 1j) that is 1k) but if 1l) for though 1m) forasmuch as, for therefore

they have no
אֵ֥ין (’ên)
Adverb
Strong's Hebrew 369: 1) nothing, not, nought n 1a) nothing, nought neg 1b) not 1c) to have not (of possession) adv 1d) without w/prep 1e) for lack of

pasture
מִרְעֶ֖ה (mir·‘eh)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's Hebrew 4829: 1) pasture, pasturage

לָהֶ֑ם (lā·hem)
Preposition-l | Pronoun - third person masculine plural
Strong's Hebrew 1992: 1) they, these, the same, who

Even
גַּם־ (gam-)
Conjunction
Strong's Hebrew 1571: 1) also, even, indeed, moreover, yea 1a) also, moreover (giving emphasis) 1b) neither, neither...nor (with negative) 1c) even (for stress) 1d) indeed, yea (introducing climax) 1e) also (of correspondence or retribution) 1f) but, yet, though (adversative) 1g) even, yea, yea though (with 'when' in hypothetical case) 2) (TWOT) again, alike

the flocks
עֶדְרֵ֥י (‘eḏ·rê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's Hebrew 5739: 1) flock, herd 1a) flock 1b) herds, flocks and herds

of sheep
הַצֹּ֖אן (haṣ·ṣōn)
Article | Noun - common singular
Strong's Hebrew 6629: 1) small cattle, sheep, sheep and goats, flock, flocks 1a) small cattle (usually of sheep and goats) 1b) of multitude (simile) 1c) of multitude (metaphor)

are suffering.
נֶאְשָֽׁמוּ׃ (ne’·šā·mū)
Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's Hebrew 816: 1) to offend, be guilty, trespass 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to do wrong, offend, trespass, commit an offense, do injury 1a2) to be or become guilty 1a3) to be held guilty 1a4) to be incriminated 1b) (Niphal) to suffer punishment 1c) (Hiphil) to declare guilty 2) (TWOT) to be desolate, acknowledge offense

Parallel Strong's
Berean Study Bible
How the cattle groan! The herds wander in confusion because they have no pasture. Even the flocks of sheep are suffering.

Young's Literal Translation
How have cattle sighed! Perplexed have been droves of oxen, For there is no pasture for them, Also droves of sheep have been desolated.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
How the animals groan! The herds of cattle wander in confusion since they have no pasture. Even the flocks of sheep suffer punishment.

New American Standard Bible
How the beasts groan! The herds of cattle wander aimlessly Because there is no pasture for them; Even the flocks of sheep suffer.

King James Bible
How do the beasts groan! the herds of cattle are perplexed, because they have no pasture; yea, the flocks of sheep are made desolate.
Parallel Verses
New International Version
How the cattle moan! The herds mill about because they have no pasture; even the flocks of sheep are suffering.

New Living Translation
How the animals moan with hunger! The herds of cattle wander about confused, because they have no pasture. The flocks of sheep and goats bleat in misery.

English Standard Version
How the beasts groan! The herds of cattle are perplexed because there is no pasture for them; even the flocks of sheep suffer.

New American Standard Bible
How the beasts groan! The herds of cattle wander aimlessly Because there is no pasture for them; Even the flocks of sheep suffer.

King James Bible
How do the beasts groan! the herds of cattle are perplexed, because they have no pasture; yea, the flocks of sheep are made desolate.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
How the animals groan! The herds of cattle wander in confusion since they have no pasture. Even the flocks of sheep suffer punishment.

International Standard Version
Oh, how the livestock groan! The herds of cattle wander about because they have no pasture. Even flocks of sheep suffer!

NET Bible
Listen to the cattle groan! The herds of livestock wander around in confusion because they have no pasture. Even the flocks of sheep are suffering.

American Standard Version
How do the beasts groan! the herds of cattle are perplexed, because they have no pasture; yea, the flocks of sheep are made desolate.

English Revised Version
How do the beasts groan! the herds of cattle are perplexed, because they have no pasture; yea, the flocks of sheep are made desolate.

Young's Literal Translation
How have cattle sighed! Perplexed have been droves of oxen, For there is no pasture for them, Also droves of sheep have been desolated.
















Cross References
1 Kings 8:5
And king Solomon, and all the congregation of Israel, that were assembled unto him, were with him before the ark, sacrificing sheep and oxen, that could not be told nor numbered for multitude.

Jeremiah 12:4
How long shall the land mourn, and the herbs of every field wither, for the wickedness of them that dwell therein? the beasts are consumed, and the birds; because they said, He shall not see our last end.

Jeremiah 14:5
Yea, the hind also calved in the field, and forsook it, because there was no grass.

Jeremiah 14:6
And the wild asses did stand in the high places, they snuffed up the wind like dragons; their eyes did fail, because there was no grass.

Hosea 4:3
Therefore shall the land mourn, and every one that dwelleth therein shall languish, with the beasts of the field, and with the fowls of heaven; yea, the fishes of the sea also shall be taken away.

Joel 1:20
The beasts of the field cry also unto thee: for the rivers of waters are dried up, and the fire hath devoured the pastures of the wilderness.

Amos 1:2
And he said, The LORD will roar from Zion, and utter his voice from Jerusalem; and the habitations of the shepherds shall mourn, and the top of Carmel shall wither.

Habakkuk 3:17
Although the fig tree shall not blossom, neither shall fruit be in the vines; the labour of the olive shall fail, and the fields shall yield no meat; the flock shall be cut off from the fold, and there shall be no herd in the stalls:

Haggai 1:10
Therefore the heaven over you is stayed from dew, and the earth is stayed from her fruit.

Joel 1:1
The word of the LORD that came to Joel the son of Pethuel.

Joel 1:17
The seed is rotten under their clods, the garners are laid desolate, the barns are broken down; for the corn is withered.
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Aimlessly Animals Beasts Bewildered Cattle Desolate Desolated Dismayed Droves Flocks Grass Groan Herds Livestock Mill Moan Oxen Pain Pasture Perplexed Sheep Sighed Sounds Suffer Suffering Wander
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Aimlessly Animals Beasts Bewildered Cattle Desolate Desolated Dismayed Droves Flocks Grass Groan Herds Livestock Mill Moan Oxen Pain Pasture Perplexed Sheep Sighed Sounds Suffer Suffering Wander
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