8084. shemonim
Lexical Summary
shemonim: Eighty

Original Word: שְׁמֹנִים
Part of Speech: Adjective
Transliteration: shmoniym
Pronunciation: sheh-mo-NEEM
Phonetic Spelling: (shem-o-neem')
KJV: eighty(-ieth), fourscore
NASB: eighty, 80, eighty-five, eighty-two, eightieth, eighty-seven, eighty-six
Word Origin: [mult. from H8083 (שְׁמוֹנֶה שְׁמוֹנֶה שְׁמוֹנָה שְׁמוֹנָה - eight)]

1. eighty, also eightieth

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance
eightieth, fourscore

Or shmowniym {shem-o-neem'}; mult. From shmoneh; eighty, also eightieth -- eighty(-ieth), fourscore.

see HEBREW shmoneh

NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Origin
from the same as shemoneh
Definition
an eighty
NASB Translation
180* (1), 180,000* (3), 185,000* (2), 186,400* (1), 188* (1), 280,000* (2), 284* (1), 288* (1), 8,580* (1), 80 (2), 80,000* (3), 87,000* (1), eightieth (1), eighty (11), eighty-five (2), eighty-seven (1), eighty-six (1), eighty-three (1), eighty-two (2).

Brown-Driver-Briggs
שְׁמֹנִים38 noun plural indeclinable an eighty; — without other numbers: followed by singular שָׁנָה Psalm 90:10 4t., אִישׁ 2 Kings 10:24; Jeremiah 41:5; followed by plural noun 2Chronicles 26:17; Ezra 8:8; Songs 6:8; noun omitted 2 Kings 6:25; 1 Chronicles 15:9; with other numbers, cardinal: אֶלֶף ׳שׁ Numbers 2:9 + 6t.; ׳שׁ following units Genesis 5:25 4t.; precedes, Genesis 16:16 4t.; following 100 etc. 1 Chronicles 25:7 6t.; precedes, Genesis 5:26 2t.; ordinal, שָׁנָךְ ׳וְאַרְבַּע מֵאוֺת שָׁנָה לָּ בִּשׁ 1 Kings 6:1.

[שְׁמַנִּים], שְׁמַנֵּי see שָׁמָן.

Topical Lexicon
שְׁמֹנִים (Strong’s Hebrew 8084)

Literal and Symbolic Value

The term designates the cardinal number eighty. In Scripture the figure regularly marks the completion of an era or the provision of extraordinary strength beyond the customary span of seventy years (Psalm 90:10), suggesting a fullness that surpasses the norm while still remaining within mortal bounds.

Distribution in the Old Testament

The word appears thirty-eight times, almost evenly divided between narrative records (especially Kings and Chronicles) and numerical summaries in legal, genealogical, or liturgical contexts. Its placement clusters around five principal themes: personal age, national rest, military or workforce rosters, worship and temple service, and poetic celebration.

Personal Ages and Generational Transitions

• Moses – “Moses was eighty years old and Aaron eighty-three when they spoke to Pharaoh” (Exodus 7:7). The Exodus narrative highlights that decisive leadership may commence well past what many cultures would regard as retirement, underscoring God’s prerogative to empower at His chosen time.
• Barzillai – At David’s return from exile the Gileadite patriarch is twice identified as eighty (2 Samuel 19:32, 35), modeling seasoned loyalty and generosity.
• The Psalmist – “The span of our years is seventy—or eighty if we are strong” (Psalm 90:10). The verse balances human vigor with the brevity of life, pressing worshippers toward wisdom (Psalm 90:12).

National Rest and Deliverance

After Ehud’s victory the land “had rest for eighty years” (Judges 3:30). The double-forty of this Sabbath-like peace anticipates the deeper rest offered in Christ (Hebrews 4:8-10) and proves the LORD’s supremacy over oppressors when His people repent and believe.

Military and Workforce Rosters

1 Kings 5:15 and the parallel in 2 Chronicles 2:2, 18 list “eighty thousand stonecutters” conscripted for temple construction, illustrating Israel’s peak strength under Solomon and the resources God marshals for worship. Jehu assigns “eighty men” to guard the temple of Baal (2 Kings 10:24), a sober reminder that zeal must be matched with discipline. The siege of Samaria includes “eighty shekels of silver” as the price of a donkey’s head (2 Kings 6:25, underlying Hebrew), showing the extremity of divine judgment when covenant warnings are ignored.

Priests and Sanctuary Service

When King Uzziah intrudes into the Holy Place, “Azariah the priest, together with eighty courageous priests of the LORD, went in after him” (2 Chronicles 26:17). Their united stand defends the sanctity of worship and affirms that even a powerful monarch submits to God’s order.

Poetic and Wisdom Literature

Song of Songs contrasts “sixty queens and eighty concubines” (Song of Songs 6:8) with the singular devotion between the bride and groom, reflecting the superiority of covenant fidelity over cultural abundance. Psalm 90:10 (see above) serves liturgically to measure life, anchoring Israel’s hope not in longevity but in the eternal God (Psalm 90:1-2).

Typological and Theological Reflections

1. Double measure of testing and completion – Forty often signals probation; eighty therefore depicts tested maturity rewarded with stability (Judges 3:30).
2. Grace for extended service – Moses’ commissioning at eighty and his vigorous ministry until one hundred twenty (Deuteronomy 34:7) encourage believers that calling rests on divine grace, not age.
3. Holiness safeguarded – The eighty priests confronting Uzziah highlight collective responsibility in guarding worship.
4. Sufficiency and limitation – Psalm 90:10 juxtaposes human limitation with God’s eternality, provoking humility and stewardship of remaining days.

Ministry Applications

• Retirement does not terminate usefulness; seasoned believers possess unique authority to mentor and intercede.
• Corporate vigilance is required to preserve the purity of worship and doctrine.
• Periods of rest and revival (symbolized by eighty) follow repentance and obedience; congregations should pray expectantly for such seasons.
• Numerical details, far from incidental, affirm Scripture’s historical reliability and invite readers to trace God’s faithfulness through concrete data.

Summary

שְׁמֹנִים threads quietly through the Old Testament narrative yet consistently accents divine faithfulness, human responsibility, and the possibilities of renewed strength. Whether recounting the age of a deliverer, the length of national peace, or the muster of workers and priests, the number eighty points beyond itself to the God who equips His servants, governs history, and calls every generation to wholehearted devotion.

Forms and Transliterations
בִּשְׁמֹנִ֣ים בִשְׁמוֹנִ֣ים בשמונים בשמנים וּשְׁמֹנִ֖ים וּשְׁמֹנִ֛ים וּשְׁמֹנִ֥ים וּשְׁמֹנִֽים׃ וּשְׁמוֹנִ֖ים וּשְׁמוֹנִ֥ים וּשְׁמוֹנִים֙ ושמונים ושמנים ושמנים׃ שְׁמ֘וֹנִ֤ים שְׁמֹנִ֖ים שְׁמֹנִ֣ים שְׁמֹנִ֤ים שְׁמֹנִ֥ים שְׁמוֹנִ֖ים שְׁמוֹנִ֤ים שְׁמוֹנִ֥ים שְׁמוֹנִֽים׃ שמונים שמונים׃ שמנים biš·mō·nîm ḇiš·mō·w·nîm bishmoNim bišmōnîm ḇišmōwnîm šə·mō·nîm šə·mō·w·nîm šəmōnîm šəmōwnîm shemoNim ū·šə·mō·nîm ū·šə·mō·w·nîm ūšəmōnîm ūšəmōwnîm ushemoNim vishmoNim
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Englishman's Concordance
Genesis 5:25
HEB: מְתוּשֶׁ֔לַח שֶׁ֧בַע וּשְׁמֹנִ֛ים שָׁנָ֖ה וּמְאַ֣ת
NAS: one hundred and eighty-seven years,
KJV: an hundred eighty and seven
INT: Methuselah and seven and eighty-seven years hundred

Genesis 5:26
HEB: לֶ֔מֶךְ שְׁתַּ֤יִם וּשְׁמוֹנִים֙ שָׁנָ֔ה וּשְׁבַ֥ע
NAS: hundred and eighty-two years
KJV: seven hundred eighty and two years,
INT: of Lamech and two and eighty-two years seven

Genesis 5:28
HEB: לֶ֕מֶךְ שְׁתַּ֧יִם וּשְׁמֹנִ֛ים שָׁנָ֖ה וּמְאַ֣ת
NAS: one hundred and eighty-two years,
KJV: lived an hundred eighty and two years,
INT: Lamech and two and eighty-two years hundred

Genesis 16:16
HEB: וְאַבְרָ֕ם בֶּן־ שְׁמֹנִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה וְשֵׁ֣שׁ
NAS: Abram was eighty-six years old
INT: Abram old was eighty-six years and six

Genesis 35:28
HEB: מְאַ֥ת שָׁנָ֖ה וּשְׁמֹנִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃
NAS: were one hundred and eighty years.
KJV: were an hundred and fourscore years.
INT: hundred years and eighty years

Exodus 7:7
HEB: וּמֹשֶׁה֙ בֶּן־ שְׁמֹנִ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה וְאַֽהֲרֹ֔ן
NAS: Moses was eighty years old
KJV: And Moses [was] fourscore years
INT: Moses old was eighty years and Aaron

Exodus 7:7
HEB: בֶּן־ שָׁלֹ֥שׁ וּשְׁמֹנִ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה בְּדַבְּרָ֖ם
NAS: and Aaron eighty-three, when they spoke
KJV: and Aaron fourscore and three
INT: old and three eighty-three years spoke

Numbers 2:9
HEB: מְאַ֨ת אֶ֜לֶף וּשְׁמֹנִ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף וְשֵֽׁשֶׁת־
KJV: thousand and fourscore thousand
INT: an hundred thousand and fourscore thousand and six

Numbers 4:48
HEB: וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וּשְׁמֹנִֽים׃
KJV: and five hundred and fourscore.
INT: and five hundred and fourscore

Joshua 14:10
HEB: בֶּן־ חָמֵ֥שׁ וּשְׁמוֹנִ֖ים שָׁנָֽה׃
NAS: behold, I am eighty-five years
KJV: and now, lo, I [am] this day fourscore and five
INT: old and five I am eighty-five years

Judges 3:30
HEB: וַתִּשְׁקֹ֥ט הָאָ֖רֶץ שְׁמוֹנִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃ ס
NAS: was undisturbed for eighty years.
KJV: And the land had rest fourscore years.
INT: was undisturbed and the land eighty years

1 Samuel 22:18
HEB: בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא שְׁמֹנִ֤ים וַחֲמִשָּׁה֙ אִ֔ישׁ
NAS: that day eighty-five men
KJV: on that day fourscore and five
INT: day he eighty-five and five men

2 Samuel 19:32
HEB: מְאֹ֔ד בֶּן־ שְׁמֹנִ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה וְהֽוּא־
NAS: was very old, being eighty years old;
KJV: aged man, [even] fourscore years
INT: was very old eighty years and he

2 Samuel 19:35
HEB: בֶּן־ שְׁמֹנִ֣ים שָׁנָה֩ אָנֹכִ֨י
NAS: I am now eighty years old.
KJV: I [am] this day fourscore years old:
INT: old eighty years I

1 Kings 5:15
HEB: נֹשֵׂ֣א סַבָּ֑ל וּשְׁמֹנִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף חֹצֵ֥ב
NAS: transporters, and 80,000 hewers
KJV: burdens, and fourscore thousand
INT: bare burdens and fourscore thousand hewers

1 Kings 6:1
HEB: וַיְהִ֣י בִשְׁמוֹנִ֣ים שָׁנָ֣ה וְאַרְבַּ֣ע
NAS: hundred and eightieth year
KJV: hundred and eightieth year
INT: came and eightieth year the four

1 Kings 12:21
HEB: בִּנְיָמִ֗ן מֵאָ֨ה וּשְׁמֹנִ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף בָּח֖וּר
KJV: an hundred and fourscore thousand
INT: of Benjamin an hundred and fourscore thousand young

2 Kings 6:25
HEB: רֹאשׁ־ חֲמוֹר֙ בִּשְׁמֹנִ֣ים כֶּ֔סֶף וְרֹ֛בַע
NAS: was sold for eighty [shekels] of silver,
KJV: head was [sold] for fourscore [pieces] of silver,
INT: head A donkey's eighty silver fourth

2 Kings 10:24
HEB: ל֤וֹ בַחוּץ֙ שְׁמֹנִ֣ים אִ֔ישׁ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר
NAS: had stationed for himself eighty men
KJV: Jehu appointed fourscore men without,
INT: had stationed outside eighty men had said

2 Kings 19:35
HEB: אַשּׁ֔וּר מֵאָ֛ה שְׁמוֹנִ֥ים וַחֲמִשָּׁ֖ה אָ֑לֶף
KJV: an hundred fourscore and five
INT: of the Assyrians an hundred fourscore and five thousand

1 Chronicles 7:5
HEB: גִּבּוֹרֵ֖י חֲיָלִ֑ים שְׁמוֹנִ֤ים וְשִׁבְעָה֙ אֶ֔לֶף
NAS: in all 87,000.00
KJV: reckoned in all by their genealogies fourscore and seven
INT: valiant of might fourscore and seven thousand

1 Chronicles 15:9
HEB: הַשָּׂ֖ר וְאֶחָ֥יו שְׁמוֹנִֽים׃ ס
NAS: the chief, and 80 of his relatives;
KJV: the chief, and his brethren fourscore:
INT: the chief of his relatives

1 Chronicles 25:7
HEB: הַ֨מֵּבִ֔ין מָאתַ֖יִם שְׁמוֹנִ֥ים וּשְׁמוֹנָֽה׃
KJV: was two hundred fourscore and eight.
INT: were cunning hundred fourscore and eight

2 Chronicles 2:2
HEB: אִ֣ישׁ סַבָּ֔ל וּשְׁמוֹנִ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף אִ֖ישׁ
NAS: to carry loads and 80,000 men
KJV: to bear burdens, and fourscore thousand
INT: men burdens and fourscore thousand he

2 Chronicles 2:18
HEB: אֶ֙לֶף֙ סַבָּ֔ל וּשְׁמֹנִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף חֹצֵ֣ב
NAS: of them to carry loads and 80,000 to quarry
KJV: of them [to be] bearers of burdens, and fourscore thousand
INT: thousand of burdens and fourscore thousand hewers

38 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 8084
38 Occurrences


biš·mō·nîm — 1 Occ.
šə·mō·nîm — 18 Occ.
ū·šə·mō·nîm — 18 Occ.
ḇiš·mō·w·nîm — 1 Occ.

8083
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