4348. proskomma

Lexicon

proskomma: Stumbling block, offense, obstacle

Original Word: προσκόμμα
Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter
Transliteration: proskomma
Pronunciation: pros'-kom-mah
Phonetic Spelling: (pros'-kom-mah)
Definition: Stumbling block, offense, obstacle
Meaning: a stumbling-block, an occasion for falling, a moral embarrassment.

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

offense, stumbling block

From proskopto; a stub, i.e. (figuratively) occasion of apostasy -- offence, stumbling(-block, (-stone)).

see GREEK proskopto

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
from proskoptó
Definition
a stumbling, an occasion of stumbling
NASB Translation
obstacle (1), offense (1), stumbling (3), stumbling block (1).

Thayer's Greek Lexicon

STRONGS NT 4348: πρόσκομμα

πρόσκομμα, προσκόμματος, τό (προσκόπτω), a stumbling-block, i. e. an obstacle in the way which if one strike his foot against he necessarily stumbles or falls; tropically, that over which the soul stumbles, i. e. by which it is impelled to sin: 1 Corinthians 8:9 (Sir. 17:25 (20); (Sir. 34:16); Sir. 39:24); τιθέναι πρόσκομμα τίνι, to put a stumblingblock in someone's way, i. e. tropically, to furnish one an occasion for sinning, Romans 14:13 (WH marginal reading omits); ὁ διά προσκόμματος ἐσθίων (A. V.) who eateth with offence (see διά, A. I. 2), by making no discrimination as to what he eats occasions another to act against his conscience, Romans 14:20; λίθος προσκόμματος (from Isaiah 8:14 for נֶגֶף אֶבֶן), properly, a stone against which the foot strikes (A. V. stone of stumbling), used figuratively of Christ Jesus, with regard to whom it especially annoyed and offended the Jews that his words, deeds, career, and particularly his ignominious death on the cross, quite failed to correspond to their preconceptions respecting the Messiah; hence, they despised and rejected him, and by that crime brought upon themselves woe and punishment: Romans 9:32, 33; 1 Peter 2:8 (7). (In the Sept. for מוקֵשׁ, Exodus 23:33; Exodus 34:12; (cf. Judith 8:22). a sore or bruise caused by striking the foot against any object, Athen. 3, p. 97 f.; a hindrance (?), Plutarch, mor., p. 1048 c. (i. e. de Stoic. repugn. 30, 8 at the end).)

Topical Lexicon

Word Origin: Derived from προσκόπτω (proskoptō), meaning "to strike against" or "to stumble."

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: The concept of a stumbling block in the Hebrew Scriptures is often represented by the word מִכְשׁוֹל (mikshol), Strong's Hebrew 4383, which similarly denotes an obstacle or hindrance that causes one to stumble or fall, both physically and spiritually.

Usage: The term προσκόμμα is used in the New Testament to describe something that causes a person to stumble in their faith or moral conduct. It can refer to a literal stumbling block or a metaphorical one, such as a temptation or a cause of sin.

Context: The Greek term προσκόμμα appears in the New Testament to convey the idea of an impediment or hindrance that leads to a fall. It is often used metaphorically to describe spiritual or moral stumbling. In Romans 14:13, Paul admonishes believers not to put a stumbling block or obstacle in a brother's way: "Therefore let us stop judging one another. Instead, make up your mind not to put any stumbling block or obstacle in your brother’s way." Here, προσκόμμα is used to emphasize the importance of being considerate of others' spiritual well-being and avoiding actions that might lead them into sin or doubt.

In 1 Corinthians 8:9, Paul warns against using one's freedom in Christ in a way that might become a stumbling block to the weak: "Be careful, however, that your freedom does not become a stumbling block to the weak." This usage highlights the responsibility of mature believers to act in love and consideration for those who might be less mature in their faith.

The concept of προσκόμμα is rooted in the broader biblical theme of community and mutual edification. Believers are called to live in a way that builds up the body of Christ, avoiding actions that might cause others to falter in their walk with God. The term underscores the ethical and communal dimensions of Christian living, where personal liberty is balanced with love and concern for others.

Forms and Transliterations

προσκομμα πρόσκομμα πρόσκομμά προσκόμμασιν προσκόμματι προσκομματος προσκόμματος proskomma próskomma proskommatos proskómmatos

Englishman's Concordance

Romans 9:32 N-GNS
GRK: λίθῳ τοῦ προσκόμματος
NAS: They stumbled over the stumbling stone,
INT: stone of stumbling

Romans 9:33 N-GNS
GRK: Σιὼν λίθον προσκόμματος καὶ πέτραν
NAS: A STONE OF STUMBLING AND A ROCK
INT: Zion a stone of stumbling and rock

Romans 14:13 N-ANS
GRK: μὴ τιθέναι πρόσκομμα τῷ ἀδελφῷ
NAS: not to put an obstacle or
KJV: put a stumblingblock or
INT: not to put a stumbling block to the brother

Romans 14:20 N-GNS
GRK: τῷ διὰ προσκόμματος ἐσθίοντι
NAS: who eats and gives offense.
KJV: who eateth with offence.
INT: who through stumbling eats

1 Corinthians 8:9 N-NNS
GRK: ὑμῶν αὕτη πρόσκομμα γένηται τοῖς
NAS: become a stumbling block to the weak.
KJV: become a stumblingblock to them that are weak.
INT: of you this an occasion of stumbling become to those

1 Peter 2:8 N-GNS
GRK: καὶ λίθος προσκόμματος καὶ πέτρα
NAS: and, A STONE OF STUMBLING AND A ROCK
KJV: And a stone of stumbling, and a rock
INT: and a stone of stumbling and a rock

Strong's Greek 4348
6 Occurrences

πρόσκομμα — 2 Occ.
προσκόμματος — 4 Occ.