Bible Dictionary: Zimri

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Smith's Bible Dictionary

Zimri

The son of Salu, a Simeonite chieftain, slain by Phinehas with the Midianitish princess Cozbi. (Numbers 25:14). (B.C. 1450.)
Fifth sovereign of the separate kingdom of Israel, of which he occupied the throne for the brief period of seven days, B.C. 930 or 929. Originally in command of half the chariots in the royal army, he gained the crown by the murder of King Elah; son of Baasha. But the army made their general, Omri, king, who marched against Tirzah, where Zimri was. Zimri retreated into the innermost part of the late king's palace, set it on fire, and perished in the ruins. (1 Kings 16:9-20)
One of the five sons of Zerah the son of Judah. (1 Chronicles 2:6) (B.C. after 1706.)
Son of Jehoadah and descendant of Saul. (1 Chronicles 8:36; 9:42)
An obscure name, mentioned (Jeremiah 25:25) in probable connection with Dedan, Tema, Buz, Arabia, the "mingled people." Nothing further is known respecting Zimri, but the name may possibly be the same as, or derived from, ZIMRAN, which see.

ATS Bible Dictionary

Zimri

1. A prince of the tribe of Simeon, slain by Phinehas for his heaven- daring crime on the plains of Moab, Numbers 25:14.

2. A general of half the cavalry of Elah king of Israel. He rebelled against his master, killed him, and usurped his kingdom. He cut off the whole family, not sparing any of his relations or friends; whereby was fulfilled the word of the Lord denounced to Baasha the father of Elah, by the prophet Jehu. Zimri reigned but seven days; for the army of Israel, then besieging Gibbethon, a city of the Philistines, made their general, Omri, king, and came and besieged Zimri in the city of Tirzah. Zimri, seeing the city on the point of being taken, burned himself in the palace with all its riches, 1 Kings 16:1-20; 2 Kings 9:31.

3. Others of this name are mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:6; 8:33-36.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Praise-worthy.

(1.) A son of Salu, slain by Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, because of his wickedness in bringing a Midianitish woman into his tent (Numbers 25:6-15).

(2.) Murdered Elah at Tirzah, and succeeded him on the throne of Israel (1 Kings 16:8-10). He reigned only seven days, for Omri, whom the army elected as king, laid siege to Tirzah, whereupon Zimri set fire to the palace and perished amid its ruins (11-20). Omri succeeded to the throne only after four years of fierce war with Tibni, another claimant to the throne.

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ZIMRI (1)

zim'-ri (zimri, "wild sheep" or "wild goat"; in 1 Maccabees, with the King James Version, has Zambri; Codex Sinaiticus has Zambrei):

(1) A Simeonite prince (Numbers 25:14; 1 Maccabees 2:26), slain by Phinehas, Aaron's grandson. Numbers 25:1-5 records how the Israelites, while they were at Shittim, began to consort with Moabite women and "they (i.e. the Moabite women) called the people unto the sacrifices of their gods" (25:2), i.e. as explained by 25:5 to take part in the immoral rites of the god Baal-peor. Moses is bidden to have the offenders punished. The next paragraph (25:6-9) relates how the people engage in public mourning; but while they do this Zimri brings in among his brethren a Midianitess. Phinehas sees this and goes after Zimri into the qubbah, where he slays the two together, and thus the plague is stayed (25:6-9).

The connection between these two paragraphs is difficult; Moabite women are mentioned in the first, a Midianitess in the second; the plague of Numbers 25:8 is not previously referred to, although it seems clear that the plague is the cause of the weeping in 25:6. The sequel, 25:16-18, makes the second paragraph have something to do with Baal-peor. Critics assign 25:1-5 to J-E, 25:6-18 to P.

It seems, however, that the two accounts refer to similar circumstances. This is evident if the meaning of qubbah in Numbers 25:8 be as the Vulgate (Jerome's Latin Bible, 390-405 A.D.) renders it, lupinar, "a house of ill-repute." The difficulty is that the word only occurs here in the Old Testament, but it has that meaning in New Heb (see Gray, Numbers, 385); BDB, however, translates it "a large vaulted tent." While one narrative says the women were Moabitesses and the other Midianitesses, the latter section presupposes something like the account in the former; and the point is that Zimri, at the very time that the rest of the people publicly mourned because of a plague that was due to their own dealings with foreign women, brought a Midianite woman among the people, possibly to be his wife, for he was a prince or chief, and she was the daughter of a Midianite chief. It may be urged that if this be the case, there was nothing wrong in it; but according to Hebrew ideas there was, and we only need to remember the evil influence of such marriages as those entered into by Solomon, or especially that of Ahab with Jezebel, to see at any rate a Hebrew justification for Zimri's death.

Numbers 31 describes the extermination of the Midianites at the bidding of Moses. All the males are slain by the Israelites (31:7), but the women are spared. Moses is angry at this: "Have ye saved all the women alive? Behold, these caused the children of Israel, through the counsel of Balaam, to commit trespass against Yahweh in the matter of Peor, and so the plague was among the congregation of Yahweh" (31:15). Here we find, although the chapter is a Midrash (see Gray, Numbers, 417;), that the Hebrews themselves connected the two events of Numbers 25, but in addition the name of Balaam is also introduced, as again in 31:8, where he is said to have been slain along with the kings of Midian. See further Deuteronomy 4:3, and Driver's note on the verse.

See BAAL-PEOR; BALAAM; PEOR.

(2) A king of Israel (1 Kings 16:8-20). See special article.

(3) A Judahite "son" of Zerah (1 Chronicles 2:6) = "Zabdi" of Joshua 7:1, 17 f.

See ZABDI, (1).

(4) A Benjamite, descendant of King Saul (1 Chronicles 8:36; 1 Chronicles 9:42).

(5) In Jeremiah 25:25, where "all the kings of Zimri" are mentioned along with those of Arabia (25:24) and Elam and the Medes. The name is as yet unidentified, although thought to be that of a people called ZIMRAN (which see) in Genesis 25:2.

David Francis Roberts

ZIMRI (2)

(zimri; Septuagint Zambrei, Zambri): The 5th king of Israel, but who occupied the throne only seven days (1 Kings 16:9-20). Zimri had been captain of half the chariots under Elah, and, as it seems, made use of his position to conspire against his master. The occasion for his crime was furnished by the absence of the army, which, under the direction of Omri, was engaged in the siege of the Philistine town Gibbethon. While Elah was in a drunken debauch in the house of his steward Arza, who may have been an accomplice in the plot, he was foully murdered by Zimri, who ascended the throne and put the remnant of Elah's family to death, thus fulfilling the prophecy of Jehu concerning the house of Baasha. However, the conspiracy lacked the support of the people, for word of the crime no sooner reached Gibbethon, than the army raised Omri to the throne of Israel. Omri at once hastened to Tirzah and captured the place, which as it seems offered little resistance. Zimri resolved to die as king, and accordingly set fire to the palace with his own hands, and perished in the flames that he had kindled. Thus came to an ignominious end the short reign which remained as a blot even upon the blood-stained record of the deeds of violence that ushered in the change of dynasties in the Northern Kingdom, for the foul crime was abhorred even among arch plotters. When Jehu entered Jezreel he was met with Jezebel's bitter taunt, "Is it peace, thou Zimri, thy master's murderer?" (2 Kings 9:31). The historian too, in the closing formula of the reign, specially mentions "his treason that he worked."

S. K. Mosiman

Strong's Hebrew

2174a. Zimri -- four Israelites
... 2174, 2174a. Zimri. 2174b . four Israelites. Transliteration: Zimri Short
Definition: Zimri. ... NASB Word Usage Zimri (14). 2174, 2174a. Zimri. 2174b . ...
/hebrew/2174a.htm - 5k

2174b. Zimri -- perhaps a place in Ethiopia
... 2174a, 2174b. Zimri. 2175 . perhaps a place in Ethiopia. Transliteration:
Zimri Short Definition: Zimri. Word Origin of uncertain ...
/hebrew/2174b.htm - 5k

2174. Zimriy -- four Israelites
... 2173, 2174. Zimriy. 2174a . four Israelites. Transliteration: Zimriy
Phonetic Spelling: (zim-ree') Short Definition: Zimri. Zimri ...
/hebrew/2174.htm - 5k

Library

How Zerah, King of the Ethiopians, was Beaten by Asa; and How Asa ...
... Asa, Upon Baasha's Making War Against Him, Invited The King Of The Damascens To
Assist Him; And How, On The Destruction Of The House Of Baasha Zimri Got The ...
/.../josephus/the antiquities of the jews/chapter 12 how zerah king.htm

Concerning Balaam the Prophet and what Kind of Man He Was.
... Even Zimri, the head of the tribe of Simeon accompanied with Cozbi, a Midianitish
women, who was the daughter of Sur, a man of authority in that country; and ...
/.../josephus/the antiquities of the jews/chapter 6 concerning balaam the.htm

CHAP. I. -II. 3 (II. 1).
... Entirely analogous are 2 Kings 9:31, where Jezebel says to Jehu, "Hast thou peace,
Zimri, murderer of his master?" which Schmid well explains by""It is time ...
/.../hengstenberg/christology of the old testament/chap i -ii 3 ii 1.htm

The Divided Kingdom.
... 4. Elah, 1-K.16;6-10. Reigned 2 years and was slain. 5. Zimri, 1:K.18:11-20. Reigned
7 days and suicided. 6. Omri, 1:K.16:31-28. Reigned 12 years and died. ...
/.../tidwell/the bible period by period/chapter xiii the divided kingdom.htm

National Apostasy
... introduced by him had brought upon the guilty offenders the retributive judgments
of Heaven; and yet the rulers who followed"Baasha, Elah, Zimri, and Omri ...
/.../white/the story of prophets and kings/chapter 8 national apostasy.htm

There have Come to Me Ransomers from among the Saints, but None ...
... Phinehas the zealous pierced and gave me, on the head of his spear for my delight,
Zimri and Cozbi both together; on the head of his lance he presented them to ...
/.../ephraim/hymns and homilies of ephraim the syrian/hymn xxxix there have come.htm

The Record of Two Kings
... Jeroboam's son and successor was killed by Baasha, Baasha's son and successor was
killed by Zimri, who reigned for a week, and then burned the palace and died ...
/.../maclaren/expositions of holy scripture f/the record of two kings.htm

How the Hebrews Fought with the Midianites, and Overcame Them.
... commander; of which Phineas we made mention a little before, as he that had guarded
the laws of the Hebrews, and had inflicted punishment on Zimri when he had ...
/.../josephus/the antiquities of the jews/chapter 7 how the hebrews.htm

Sixth Commandment
... the New Testament. Saul, king of Israel, and his armor-bearer, Ahithophel,
Zimri and Judas Iscariot are the five cases. Look at ...
//christianbookshelf.org/moody/weighed and wanting/sixth commandment.htm

Hebrews xii. 14
... so they may not become shameless. Which Moses also did in the case of Zimri
and the daughter of Cosbi. "For he found" (he says) "no ...
/.../homilies on the gospel of st john and hebrews/homily xxxi hebrews xii 14.htm

Thesaurus

Zimri (16 Occurrences)
... He reigned only seven days, for Omri, whom the army elected as king, laid siege
to Tirzah, whereupon Zimri set fire to the palace and perished amid its ruins ...
/z/zimri.htm - 18k

Zimri's (2 Occurrences)
... Multi-Version Concordance Zimri's (2 Occurrences). 1 Kings 16:18 And it
cometh to pass, at Zimri's seeing that the city hath been ...
/z/zimri's.htm - 7k

Moza (5 Occurrences)
... A going forth. (1.) One of the sons of Caleb (1 Chronicles 2:46). (2.) The son of
Zimri, of the posterity of Saul (1 Chronicles 8:36, 37; 9:42, 43). Int. ...
/m/moza.htm - 8k

Carmi (8 Occurrences)
... qv). (3.) The son of Zimri, and the father of Achan (Joshua 7:1), "the troubler
of Israel.". Int. Standard Bible Encyclopedia. CARMI. ...
/c/carmi.htm - 10k

Az'maveth (8 Occurrences)
... 1 Chronicles 8:36 Ahaz became the father of Jehoaddah; and Jehoaddah became the
father of Alemeth, and Azmaveth, and Zimri; and Zimri became the father of Moza ...
/a/az'maveth.htm - 8k

Azmaveth (8 Occurrences)
... 1 Chronicles 8:36 Ahaz became the father of Jehoaddah; and Jehoaddah became the
father of Alemeth, and Azmaveth, and Zimri; and Zimri became the father of Moza ...
/a/azmaveth.htm - 10k

Al'emeth (3 Occurrences)
... 1 Chronicles 8:36 Ahaz became the father of Jehoaddah; and Jehoaddah became the
father of Alemeth, and Azmaveth, and Zimri; and Zimri became the father of Moza ...
/a/al'emeth.htm - 7k

Alemeth (5 Occurrences)
... 1 Chronicles 8:36 Ahaz became the father of Jehoaddah; and Jehoaddah became the
father of Alemeth, and Azmaveth, and Zimri; and Zimri became the father of Moza ...
/a/alemeth.htm - 9k

Tirzah (17 Occurrences)
... Here reigned Jeroboam, Nadab his son, Baasha, Elah and Zimri (1 Kings 15:21,
33; 1 Kings 16:6, 8, 9, 15). Baasha was buried in Tirzah. ...
/t/tirzah.htm - 14k

Zabdi (17 Occurrences)
... He is probably the "Zimri" of 1 Chronicles 2:6. ... See ZIMRI, (3). (2) A Benjamite,
son of Shimei (1 Chronicles 8:19), and possibly a descendant of Ehud (Curtis). ...
/z/zabdi.htm - 13k

Bible Concordance

Zimri (16 Occurrences)

Numbers 25:14 Now the name of the man of Israel that was slain, who was slain with the Midianite woman, was Zimri, the son of Salu, a prince of a fathers' house among the Simeonites.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Joshua 7:1 But the children of Israel committed a trespass in the devoted things; for Achan, the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, of the tribe of Judah, took some of the devoted things. Therefore Yahweh's anger burned against the children of Israel.
(See NIV)

Joshua 7:17 He brought near the family of Judah; and he selected the family of the Zerahites. He brought near the family of the Zerahites man by man, and Zabdi was selected.
(See NIV)

Joshua 7:18 He brought near his household man by man, and Achan, the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, of the tribe of Judah, was selected.
(See NIV)

1 Kings 16:9 His servant Zimri, captain of half his chariots, conspired against him. Now he was in Tirzah, drinking himself drunk in the house of Arza, who was over the household in Tirzah:
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

1 Kings 16:10 and Zimri went in and struck him, and killed him, in the twenty-seventh year of Asa king of Judah, and reigned in his place.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

1 Kings 16:12 Thus Zimri destroyed all the house of Baasha, according to the word of Yahweh, which he spoke against Baasha by Jehu the prophet,
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

1 Kings 16:15 In the twenty-seventh year of Asa king of Judah did Zimri reign seven days in Tirzah. Now the people were encamped against Gibbethon, which belonged to the Philistines.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

1 Kings 16:16 The people who were encamped heard say, Zimri has conspired, and has also struck the king: therefore all Israel made Omri, the captain of the army, king over Israel that day in the camp.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

1 Kings 16:18 It happened, when Zimri saw that the city was taken, that he went into the castle of the king's house, and burnt the king's house over him with fire, and died,
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

1 Kings 16:20 Now the rest of the acts of Zimri, and his treason that he did, aren't they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

2 Kings 9:31 As Jehu entered in at the gate, she said, "Do you come in peace, Zimri, you murderer of your master?"
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

1 Chronicles 2:6 The sons of Zerah: Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara; five of them in all.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

1 Chronicles 8:36 Ahaz became the father of Jehoaddah; and Jehoaddah became the father of Alemeth, and Azmaveth, and Zimri; and Zimri became the father of Moza.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

1 Chronicles 9:42 Ahaz became the father of Jarah; and Jarah became the father of Alemeth, and Azmaveth, and Zimri; and Zimri became the father of Moza;
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Jeremiah 25:25 and all the kings of Zimri, and all the kings of Elam, and all the kings of the Medes;
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Subtopics

Zimri

Zimri: A Benjamite

Zimri: A Chief of Simeon

Zimri: An Unknown Place

Zimri: King of Israel

Zimri: Son of Zerah

Zimzi

Related Terms

Zimri's (2 Occurrences)

Moza (5 Occurrences)