Matthew 12:4
Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

How he entered into the house of God, and did eat the loaves of proposition, which it was not lawful for him to eat, nor for them that were with him, but for the priests only?

the shew-bread.

Exodus 25:30 And thou shalt set upon the table loaves of proposition in my sight always.

Leviticus 24:5-9 Thou shalt take also fine flour, and shalt bake twelve loaves thereof, two tenths shall be in every loaf. . . .

but.

Exodus 29:32,33 And Aaron and his sons shall eat it. The loaves also, that are in the basket, they shall eat in the entry of the tabernacle of the testimony, . . .

Leviticus 8:31 And when he had sanctified them in their vestments, he commanded them, saying: Boil the flesh before the door of the tabernacle, and there eat it. Eat ye also the loaves of consecration, that are laid in the basket, as the Lord commanded me, saying: Aaron and his sons shall eat them.

Leviticus 24:9 And they shall be Aaron's and his sons', that they may eat them in the holy place: because it is most holy of the sacrifices of the Lord by a perpetual right.

Context
The Lord of the Sabbath
3But he said to them: Have you not read what David did when he was hungry, and they that were with him: 4How he entered into the house of God, and did eat the loaves of proposition, which it was not lawful for him to eat, nor for them that were with him, but for the priests only? 5Or have ye not read in the law, that on the sabbath days the priests in the temple break the sabbath, and are without blame?…
Cross References
Leviticus 24:9
And they shall be Aaron's and his sons', that they may eat them in the holy place: because it is most holy of the sacrifices of the Lord by a perpetual right.

1 Samuel 21:4
And the priest answered David, saying: I have no common bread at hand, but only holy bread, if the young men be clean, especially from women?

1 Samuel 21:6
The priest therefore gave him hallowed bread: for there was no bread there, but only the loaves of proposition, which had been taken away from before the face of the Lord, that hot loaves might be set up.

Matthew 12:3
But he said to them: Have you not read what David did when he was hungry, and they that were with him:

Matthew 12:5
Or have ye not read in the law, that on the sabbath days the priests in the temple break the sabbath, and are without blame?

Mark 2:26
How he went into the house of God, under Abiathar the high priest, and did eat the loaves of proposition, which was not lawful to eat but for the priests, and gave to them who were with him?

Luke 6:4
How he went into the house of God and took and ate the bread of proposition and gave to them that were with him, which is not lawful to eat but only for the priests?

Hebrews 9:2
For there was a tabernacle made the first, wherein were the candlesticks and the table and the setting forth of loaves, which is called the Holy.

Lexicon
He entered
εἰσῆλθεν (eisēlthen)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's Greek 1525: To go in, come in, enter. From eis and erchomai; to enter.

the
τὸν (ton)
Article - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's Greek 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

house
οἶκον (oikon)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's Greek 3624: A dwelling; by implication, a family.

of God,
Θεοῦ (Theou)
Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's Greek 2316: A deity, especially the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very.

and
καὶ (kai)
Conjunction
Strong's Greek 2532: And, even, also, namely.

[he and his companions] ate
ἔφαγον (ephagon)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural
Strong's Greek 5315: A primary verb; to eat.

the
τοὺς (tous)
Article - Accusative Masculine Plural
Strong's Greek 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

consecrated bread,
ἄρτους (artous)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural
Strong's Greek 740: Bread, a loaf, food. From airo; bread or a loaf.

which
(ho)
Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular
Strong's Greek 3739: Who, which, what, that.

was
ἦν (ēn)
Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's Greek 1510: I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist.

not
οὐκ (ouk)
Adverb
Strong's Greek 3756: No, not. Also ouk, and ouch a primary word; the absolute negative adverb; no or not.

lawful
ἐξὸν (exon)
Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Neuter Singular
Strong's Greek 1832: It is permitted, lawful, possible.

for [them]
αὐτῷ (autō)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Strong's Greek 846: He, she, it, they, them, same. From the particle au; the reflexive pronoun self, used of the third person, and of the other persons.

to eat,
φαγεῖν (phagein)
Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active
Strong's Greek 5315: A primary verb; to eat.

but
εἰ (ei)
Conjunction
Strong's Greek 1487: If. A primary particle of conditionality; if, whether, that, etc.

only
μόνοις (monois)
Adjective - Dative Masculine Plural
Strong's Greek 3441: Only, solitary, desolate. Probably from meno; remaining, i.e. Sole or single; by implication, mere.

for the
τοῖς (tois)
Article - Dative Masculine Plural
Strong's Greek 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

priests.
ἱερεῦσιν (hiereusin)
Noun - Dative Masculine Plural
Strong's Greek 2409: A priest, one who offers sacrifice to a god (in Jewish and pagan religions; of Christians only met.). From hieros; a priest.


Additional Translations
He entered the house of God, and he and his companions ate the consecrated bread, which was not lawful for them to eat, but only for the priests.

how he entered into the house of God, and they ate the loaves of the presentation, which it was not lawful for him nor for those with him to eat, but only for the priests?

How he entered into the house of God, and did eat the show bread, which was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them which were with him, but only for the priests?

how he entered into the house of God, and ate the showbread, which it was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them that were with him, but only for the priests?

How he entered into the house of God, and ate the shewbread, which it was not lawful for him to eat, nor for those with him, but for the priests only?

how be entered into the house of God, and did eat the shewbread, which it was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them that were with him, but only for the priests?

How he entered into the house of God, and ate the show-bread, which it was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them who were with him, but only for the priests?

how he entered the House of God and ate the Presented Loaves, which it was not lawful for him or his men to eat, nor for any except the priests?

how he entered into the house of God, and ate the show bread, which was not lawful for him to eat, neither for those who were with him, but only for the priests?

how he went into the house of God, and the loaves of the presentation did eat, which it is not lawful to him to eat, nor to those with him, except to the priests alone?
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