The ordination ceremony, as depicted in the Bible, is a sacred rite of consecration and commissioning for individuals set apart for specific roles within the religious community, particularly within the priesthood. This ceremony is deeply rooted in the Old Testament and carries significant theological and liturgical implications.

Old Testament Foundations

The ordination of priests is first detailed in the Book of Exodus, where God commands Moses regarding the consecration of Aaron and his sons. The ceremony is described in Exodus 29 and Leviticus 8, where specific rituals are outlined to sanctify the priests for their service in the Tabernacle.

The process begins with a ceremonial washing, symbolizing purification. Exodus 29:4 states, "Then you shall bring Aaron and his sons to the entrance of the Tent of Meeting and wash them with water." This act signifies the need for spiritual cleanliness before approaching God’s holy service.

Following the washing, the priests are clothed in sacred garments. Exodus 29:5-6 describes this: "Take the garments and clothe Aaron with the tunic, the robe of the ephod, the ephod itself, and the breastpiece. Fasten the ephod on him with its woven waistband. Put the turban on his head and attach the holy diadem to the turban." These garments symbolize the dignity and responsibility of the priestly office.

The anointing with oil is a central element of the ordination, representing the Holy Spirit's empowerment and the setting apart of the individual for divine service. Exodus 29:7 instructs, "Then take the anointing oil and anoint him by pouring it on his head."

Sacrifices are also integral to the ordination ceremony. A bull and two rams are offered, with specific instructions for their use. The blood of the sacrifices is applied to the altar and the priests, signifying atonement and the covenant relationship between God and His chosen servants (Exodus 29:10-21).

New Testament Context

While the New Testament does not prescribe a specific ordination ceremony akin to the Old Testament priesthood, the concept of ordination continues in the early Church. The laying on of hands becomes a significant act for commissioning individuals for ministry roles, such as deacons, elders, and missionaries.

In Acts 6:6 , the apostles lay hands on the seven chosen men, including Stephen and Philip, to serve the Church: "They presented these men to the apostles, who prayed and laid their hands on them." This act signifies the impartation of authority and the Holy Spirit’s empowerment for service.

Paul’s letters also reference ordination practices. In 1 Timothy 4:14 , Paul advises Timothy, "Do not neglect the gift that is in you, which was given you through prophecy when the council of elders laid their hands on you." This highlights the continuity of ordination as a means of recognizing and affirming God’s call on an individual’s life.

Theological Significance

The ordination ceremony underscores the importance of divine calling and the community’s role in recognizing and affirming that calling. It is a public acknowledgment of God’s selection and the individual’s commitment to serve faithfully. The elements of washing, anointing, and the laying on of hands emphasize purification, empowerment, and the transmission of spiritual authority.

In the broader biblical narrative, ordination reflects the principle that God sets apart individuals for specific purposes within His redemptive plan. Whether in the Old Testament priesthood or the New Testament Church, ordination serves as a vital link between divine calling and human response, ensuring that those who serve do so under God’s guidance and blessing.