Background:
The account of Samuel's reluctance and Eli's encouragement is found in 1 Samuel 3. This narrative marks a pivotal moment in the history of Israel, as it describes the calling of Samuel, who would become one of Israel's greatest prophets and the last judge before the establishment of the monarchy. The account unfolds during a time when "the word of the LORD was rare and visions were scarce" (1 Samuel 3:1).

Samuel's Reluctance:
Samuel was a young boy serving under Eli, the high priest, at the tabernacle in Shiloh. One night, as Samuel lay down to sleep, the LORD called to him. Unfamiliar with the voice of God, Samuel mistook it for Eli's and ran to him, saying, "Here I am, for you called me" (1 Samuel 3:5). Eli, however, had not called him and sent him back to bed. This happened three times, and each time Samuel responded with the same eagerness and obedience, demonstrating his willingness to serve but also his initial reluctance to recognize the divine call.

Samuel's reluctance was not due to disobedience or defiance but rather a lack of experience and understanding. The text notes, "Now Samuel did not yet know the LORD, because the word of the LORD had not yet been revealed to him" (1 Samuel 3:7). This indicates that Samuel's spiritual journey was still in its early stages, and he had not yet developed the discernment to recognize God's voice.

Eli's Encouragement:
Eli, despite his own failings as a father and priest, played a crucial role in guiding Samuel. After the third call, Eli realized that it was the LORD who was calling the boy. He instructed Samuel, "Go and lie down, and if He calls you, say, 'Speak, LORD, for Your servant is listening'" (1 Samuel 3:9). Eli's guidance was instrumental in helping Samuel respond appropriately to God's call.

Eli's encouragement reflects his recognition of God's sovereignty and his acceptance of the divine will, even though it would ultimately bring judgment upon his own house. By directing Samuel to listen to the LORD, Eli demonstrated humility and a commitment to God's purposes over his personal interests.

Significance:
The interaction between Samuel and Eli highlights several key themes in the biblical narrative. First, it underscores the importance of spiritual mentorship and guidance. Eli's role in helping Samuel discern God's voice is a testament to the value of wise counsel in nurturing spiritual growth.

Second, the account illustrates the necessity of obedience and attentiveness to God's call. Samuel's willingness to listen and respond, despite his initial reluctance, set the stage for his future role as a prophet who would faithfully deliver God's messages to Israel.

Finally, this account serves as a reminder of God's initiative in calling individuals to His service. Despite the spiritual barrenness of the time, God chose to speak to a young boy, demonstrating that His purposes are not hindered by human limitations or circumstances. Samuel's calling marked the beginning of a new era in Israel's history, as he would go on to anoint the first two kings of Israel, Saul and David, and play a crucial role in the nation's spiritual renewal.